Zoti ndi. Mitundu yaikulu ya kukhalapo

Choyambirira mfundo, zochokera chamangidwa lonse ambiri nthanthi view a dziko (kaya dongosolo nthanthi) - gulu la kukhala. Lingaliro ili kwambiri kovuta. Choncho, pansipa tiona zimene kukhala, ndi mawonekedwe ake zikuluzikulu ndi kuphunzira.

Chigawo kiyi wa sayansi ya nthanthi kuti amachita ndi kuphunzira vuto aliko ndi maphunziro azachilengedwe (ie, "chiphunzitso cha kuti alipo"). Maphunziro azachilengedwe inamangidwa pa mfundo zofunika za zikamera ndi kukhalapo kwa chilengedwe, mwamuna ndi anthu onse.

Ndi vuto la kukhala anayamba kukhala nzeru. Ancient Indian, wakale Chinese ndi wakale za akatswiri mu malo oyamba otukuka vuto la maphunziro azachilengedwe, nzeru, ndi yekhayo ndiye amene ankatsutsana kukuza chinthu wake phunziro natembenukira pa mavuto a epistemological, axiological lomveka, zokongoletsa ndi chikumbumtima. Koma, mulimonse, iwo onse ndi maziko awo ndi maphunziro azachilengedwe.

Tisanakambirane zofunika mitundu ya moyo, ife tikupeza chimene nzeru amatanthauza gulu. N'zosavuta kuona kuti mfundo za "wapakamwa", anachokera ku mawu "kukhala". Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kulibe. Choncho, n'chimodzimodzi ndi moyo akhoza kuonedwa monga dziko, chowonadi, chenicheni cha chofunikira.

Izi gulu chimakwirira pafupifupi chilichonse chimene chiliko kwenikweni - onse mu chikhalidwe ndi mu anthu, ndi ngakhale maganizo. Choncho, likukhalira kuti umunthu - ndi ambiri akuti, mabuku, mtundu wa abstraction zowombetsa mkota kwambiri, kaphatikizidwe zosiyanasiyana zochitika, zinthu, njira limati kokha pamaziko a chakuti iwo alipo.

Malinga zosiyanasiyana zenizeni (beingness, kuli) kusiyanitsa mitundu ofunika a moyo monga zotengera malingaliridwe ndi zenizeni cholinga. Kuti monga onse adzakwaniritsidwa cholinga kuti alipo palokha, ndiye kunja mwamuna ndi payekhapayekha maganizo ake. Zotengera malingaliridwe chowonadi ndi likutanthauza zinthu zonse zimene munthu alimo, izo sizingakhoze kukhala mu njira iliyonse mwa izo (dziko lauzimu la munthu, dziko maganizo ake ndi limati maganizo). Ngati tikambirana zinthu zenizeni ziwiri pamodzi, tingasiyanitsire njira zinayi za kukhala.

1. Genesis wa zinthu, njira, Tel. Izo, nawonso, kuonetsetsa:

Popeza masoka - kuli matupi, zinthu, zomwe ndi osafikiridwa ndi munthu, umene unali ngakhale asanafike wake pa dziko (mlengalenga, biosphere, hydrosphere, ndi zina zotero).

Zofunika - kuli njira ndi zinthu zimene analenga kapena osandulika munthu. Amavomereza mafakitale, zipangizo, m'mizinda, mphamvu, mipando, zovala, chongopeka ayipanga mbewu zosiyanasiyana, mitundu ya nyama, etc.

2. Anthu

Mitundu yaikulu ya wokhalapo ndi:

Kukhala munthu mu dziko lenileni. Ku udindo uwu wa nzeru za anthu amaona ngati chinthu mwa zinthu, thupi pakati matupi, chinthu mwa zinthu. munthu uli pansi pa malamulo a zosiyanasiyana (makamaka, zamoyo thupi, mankhwala), kusintha kuti sakanatha - yekha alipo mwa iwo.

Genesis anthu. Apa munthu salinso amaona chinthu. Man - ichi ndi phunziro osati amamvera malamulo a chilengedwe, komanso mwauzimu, makhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe wokhalapo.

3. Chochokera kwa Mulungu

Mitundu yaikulu ya moyo wauzimu ndi:

Ndi payekha. Zikuphatikizapo njira lenileni la chikumbumtima ndipo mosadziŵa, atavala khalidwe mwangwiro payekha.

Genesis objectified ngati pa kutsitsimuka payekha. Izi zikuphatikizapo zonse ndi chuma cha anthu, osati munthu ndi chikhalidwe chikumbumtima zosiyanasiyana (chipembedzo, nzeru, zojambulajambula, sayansi, makhalidwe abwino, ndi zina zotero).

4. Kukhala chikhalidwe, mmene olekanitsidwa:

chenicheni payekha monga mutu wa patsogolo mbiri ndi anthu. Kuyambira mfundo imeneyi, munthu ndi mtumiki wa luso chikhalidwe ndi maubwenzi.

Chenicheni cha anthu amene amanena za kuchotsedwa zonse ntchito yake monga limodzi chamoyo, kuphatikizapo onse a chikhalidwe civilizational njira, chuma kupanga wauzimu dera, etc.