A chidina - nthumwi ya nyengo zakale, pokhala nawo nthawi yathu

Osowa chidina a nyengo makedzana, ndi yotsalira chodabwitsa akutali kale, kulimbikira, wodzipatula - mawu awa angathe chimatanthauza lingaliro ili. Mwachidule, ndi chidina - chinthu chodabwitsa kapena chamoyo, zambiri anapulumuka nthawi yawo. M'pake mawu likubwera kuchokera Latin relictum, kutanthauza "zotsalira".

Gawo

Mu zamoyo, ndi chidina - ndi wamkulu komanso woyamba ndi chamoyo chamoyo wateteza linakhalapo mu m'chilengedwe ano, m'mbuyomu lalikulu kwambiri m'mbuyomu nyengo miyala. Choncho, phylogenetic relicts asayansi kuyitana nyama ndi zomera anafa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo, ndi owayimilira munthu zimasungika lero. A zotsalira malo osiyanasiyana wotchedwa zamoyo anasunga mu dera imeneyi. Mwachitsanzo, mu Colchis chidina - ndi mgoza mtengo, boxwood, rhododendron. Great mtengo sayansi zomera. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti - pa kasupe weniweni wa nkhani Nthawi m'mbuyomu.

Bzalani relicts

Osati zomera zonse n'zochepa zotsalira. Ambiri a iwo ndi zochepa malo, zomwe kukumana chomera amenewa - wamba zosayembekezereka. Kukhala zomera relict amaonekera Malinga deta paleobotanical. Ambiri a iwo anali ponseponse mu zinyama zakale. Choncho, ginkgo chomera tsopano - woimira yekha wa gymnosperms, analipodi Padziko Lapansi wochuluka. A odziwika bwino ndege mtengo opezeka Mediterranean, Asia, ndi North America. A lalikulu, koma danga chinang'ambika m'dera ali mbewu ina chidina - zamaluwa. Malinga ndi kutalika kwa nthawi zomera chidina anawagawira mu preglacial, glacial ndipo pambuyo glacial. The wakale yambiri ya zomera moyo zikuphatikizapo ginkgo (siliva apurikoti), zaka, malinga ndi zimene asayansi, zaka zoposa 200 miliyoni. Izi anzanu zinyamazi amanena Metasequoia opezeka China. Onse zomera relicts muyenera kupulumutsa ndi kuteteza moyo mtengo wapatali "zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho" yamakedzana. M'mayiko ambiri bungwe nkhokwe wapadera chikhalidwe, kumene nyama ya kale kukuteteza boma.

zotsalira Animal

Zotsalira wamkulu - bakiteriya (iwo amakhala kumwamba wapadera, wosiyana nyama ndi zomera). Poyera archaea zinalili pa dziko zaka biliyoni 2.5-4 zapitazo. Ndithu ukalamba!

Mu kuya m'madzi zimapezeka ena anthu amene anapulumuka nthawi ake ambiri. zotsalira zikuphatikizapo Crossopterygii nsomba kapena wina, chimodzimodzi wakale - monkfish. Nkhanu glipidii kulibe madzi nyanja za miliyoni zaka 70 zapitazo ndipo ankaganiza kuti zinatha. Koma posachedwapa asayansi moyo wa mtundu wakale anapezeka.

Mwa nyama zapamtunda ndi relict. Mmodzi wa iwo, chidina - chinjoka Komodo buluzi, kufika mamita 7 m'litali. Tuatara, kukhala ku New Zealand, ndi ofanana mu zaka ndi zinyamazi. amkuru A Transitional akutuluka nsomba achule, analipo zaka 400 miliyoni zapitazo. Pali nthumwi wakale mwa kafadala, ndi pakati nyerere lapansi.

Atatu "Relict"

Ndipo nyimbo ali ake "zinthu zakale." Choncho wotchuka mu eponymous Russian atatu akuchita romances Russian wa zaka zapitazi ndipo zinatchuka kwambiri mwa omvetsera woganiza, kukoma ntchito zimenezi.

Atatu "Relict" - nthumwi wowala wa otchedwa Russian kalembedwe ballad kuyimbila limodzi la gitala zachikhalidwe.