Abram Malo: yonena ndi filmography

Zinali luso, mopanda ndi akhama wotsogolera. Iye nthawizonse ndayesera kusonyeza pafupi-nkhope, kuwulula mmene anthu, kunyalanyaza, motero, kwambiri kufika ndi zachilendo cinematic amasangalatsa. Abram Malo anapanga mafilimu amene tcheru lolunjika pa munthu, vuto lake ndi zinsinsi chinsinsi. Pa nthawi yomweyo wotsogolera nthawi zonse kufunafuna njira zatsopano ndi njira mafilimu, kuyesera kukuza malire a luso zachikhalidwe. Abram Romm katswiri wosewera poyerekeza ndi luso isanafike mbuye, makina ena, cholinga ndi biomechanics atsopano ...

Kwa zaka zambiri ntchito yake kwa mizinda itatu akhala wokondedwa ndi okondedwa kwa iye: Vilna, Saratov ndi Moscow. Mu umodzi wa ubwana wake, mu ena anayesetsa wake woyamba zojambulajambula, ndi wachitatu analenga mafilimu bwino. Koma Abramu Romm anatchuka kwambiri osati ngati Dayilekita, analinso ndi luso wolemba. anali Kodi ntchito yake ndi mafilimu zimene anam'bweretsera kuzindikira dziko? Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.

Ana ndi achinyamata

Abram Matveevich Malo - mbadwa ya mzinda Baltic wa Vilnius. Iye anabadwa pa June 28, 1894.

Makolo ake anali olemera, choncho anafuna kukhala mbadwa za maphunziro yabwino. Mnyamata akuphunzira a ku sekondale, ndipo pambuyo maphunziro amabwera mu Petrograd anayambitsa psycho-ubongo. Patapita zaka zochepa mu dziko akuyamba nkhondo yapachiweniweni, ndi mnyamata amatengera gawo mwachindunji mu izo.

Chiyambi cha ntchito yake yolenga

Kumapeto kwa zaka khumi Mu zaka zapitazo, Abram Malo ali Saratov. Pano, pa siteji ya Theatre wa ankapenta anatsegula, choyamba amaika anachitapo. Kudzatenga pang'ono ndithu nthawi, ndi achinyamata adzalenga kachisi awo Melpomene amatchedwa "njiwa". Komabe, brainchild wake kenako anatseka, kuyang'ana zinthu ntchito Rooma wa bourgeoisie ndi zazing'ono, ndi bourgeois provincialism. Koma mnyamatayo, amene ankaphunzira pa zachipatala pa University Saratov, anapitiriza ntchito yake yolenga, woyamba monga mphunzitsi pa Dipatimenti m'dera la Tirhana, kenako rector a boma apamwamba zokambirana zisudzo. Chabwino, chitsogozo Ana ndi malo Pachitsanzo ankafuna Abram kuvala zisudzo awo siteji, ndipo mnyamatayo anachita zimenezo mwansangala.

Kamodzi iye A. V. Lunacharsky pamene anali mumzinda pa Volga anaona zisudzo ndi mnyamata anasangalala kwambiri ndi iwo. Commissar Maphunziro panokha anayankhula kwa wotsogolera novice ndipo analimbikira kuti Abram Malo anapita ku likulu, kumene akhoza kwathunthu kukhala ndi maluso awo.

Mu 1923, mnyamata akubwera ku Moscow.

Ntchito likulu

Choyamba, amatengedwa ngati wotsogolera mu zisudzo kusintha, ndiyeno iye anadzakhala lecturer pa Apamwamba Pedagogical School m'Komiti ya Executive Central. Pang'onopang'ono Rooma lingathandize chidwi mafilimu a kanema. Posachedwapa, mnyamata ayesera dzanja lake pa ntchito yatsopano.

The ntchito choyamba pa akonzedwa

Onani kuti Abram Malo, filmography amene ali ntchito oposa awiri dazeni mu filimu, ntchito pa zojambula, kuwombera amene simunabweretse mapeto.

Mu zaka zomalizira za ntchito yake iye anayesetsa kupatukira kuti upamwamba wa.

ntchito yake yoyamba - ndi sewero lanthabwala "kukhala ndi jang'ala" (1924). Pakati azithunzithunzi za chiwembu - yokonza nsapato kuphunzira, amene anali wokhoza kuti akapereke kwa apolisi ambiri kudziletsa racers. Komabe, zonse izi zikuchitika mu loto. Mwatsoka, ili kupenta maestro ali sanapulumuke masiku ano. Kenako adatsata kanthawi filimu "Kodi" Maus, "tiziike funso ili" (1924). Ndipo ntchito imeneyi, imene Abram Malo anachita monga wotsogolera ndi screenwriter, sipezeka. chiwembu komanso anakhalabe sanathetsedwe.

Mu 1926, a maestro kuyamba kuwombera pa filimu "The Bay Imfa." Komabe, mbiri ya zochitika zomwe zinachitika pa ngalawa "tsekwe" pa Civil nkhondo, sanazichite ayankhe wachangu ofufuza. Ine sindimakonda kanema komanso akuluakulu Soviet, amene ankaona kuti wolemba anayesa kuwulula nkhani zovuta kwambiri.

Bwino loyamba

Kudziwika pambuyo Abramu Matveevichu "Kama ndi Sofa" kumasulidwa tepi (1927). Mu izo, iye anaika kuti kutsogolo munthu ndi mtima wake. Nkhani ya chikondi makona kwambiri poona wosadziwa Soviet wowerenga. Abram Malo amene mafilimu akhala zapamwamba za mafilimu a kanema Union, momveka kwambiri anasonyeza momwe mkazi akhoza kukhala ndi kumverera kwa amuna awiri pa nthawi yomweyo, amuna, amene amakonda kucheza ndi mzake. Koma mu chomaliza chithunzi cha mkazi adasiya zonse. Komabe, akuluakulu a boma analibe maganizo akupeza oonera, kupeza chithunzi kutali Kuzindikira chikhalidwe maganizo.

Cha m'ma 20 Abram Malo amene mbiri, ndithudi tiziganizire wapadera, amatenga chithunzi china, osakhoza kwa Soviet Union. Ichi ndi 'akuponyedwa, zomwe si udzabwerera "(1929). Mu maestro izi filimu imatiuza kum'patsa ndi chakuti mu zikhalidwe za kudzipatula kwa anthu, munthu akhoza adzabadwanso.

chamanyazi

Pambuyo amasulidwe Mbali mafilimu "Kama ndi Sofa" ndi "kubweretsa kuti sabwerera," ndi zopelekedwa "maenje", nkhani za moyo wa atsamunda Ayuda, boma lilibe kwambiri anamenya nkhondo ndi Rooma.

Chifukwa, wotsogolera anali "kuchotsedwa" ku Moscow ku likulu Chiyukireniya.

Yobu Kiev

Apa maestro wapeza ntchito ku situdiyo "Ukrainfilm". Posachedwa Abramu Malo, ndi chithunzi chimene nthawi zonse lofalitsidwa womkanikizawo Soviet, kuyamba kuwombera filimuyi "mnyamata Mokhwima" (1935). Izi nthanthi-chikondi sewero za chikondi kubwera mosungiramo wa mafilimu a kanema Soviet. The script linalembedwa Yuri Olesha.

Nthanthi nkhani yachikondi

Mu filimu, palibe bwino malire nthawi: kufanana azikhala "akufa" ngwazi za nyengo makedzana: toady Fodor Tsitronov, Dr. Stepanov nthumwi za mbadwo watsopano, amene mitembo zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo ngati wothamanga Greek. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo akuyesera kukhala wangwiro, mwakuthupi ndiponso mwauzimu, mosamalitsa kusunga malamulo a malamulo a ulemu, ozikidwa pa kuuma kwa mzimu, maganizo, khama, kudziletsa.

Komabe, mu filimu pali zosiyana malamulo, amene motsogoleredwa ndi mtsikana. ulamuliro wake waukulu ndi: "Ngati chinachake mwamphamvu mukufuna chinachake ochita zofuna, zivute zitani. sayenera okana awo. "

chithunzi wamangidwa mu mawonekedwe a mpikisano lopitirira, ndi akumenya mosalekeza kwa ufulu kukhala angwiro. Apa ndalama alibe udindo, palibe lochitira chikhalidwe, ndi zonse zichitike kuti apange fuko latsopano. Koma chidwi n'chakuti, sikutheka kumanga kufanana, ngakhale pamalo abwino. N'zotheka kuchita amtundu uliwonse Kukwezeleza, kupereka mitundu yonse ya kwatokha, koma anthu awiri ali ofanana kuti asamalire zilibe, ziribe kanthu momwe inu muyese zolimba.

Pali "mnyamata Mokhwima" ndi mzere chikondi. Kachiwiri motsogoleredwa ndi Abram Malo aukitsa nkhani chosagawanika wachifundo maganizo. ngwazi akufika kusankha, ngakhale kuti, kuyambira mfundo za makhalidwe abwino za maganizo, ndi kobvuta. Choncho, maestro poyera - malo kukhala, ngakhale anthu angwiro, unrequited chikondi.

Mufilimuyi chasanduka ndi akatswiri modabwitsa: izo nthawi yaitali sakanakhoza kubwera ndi dzina. Choyamba akufuna "Discus zibuluma", ndiye "Magic Komsomolets", koma anasintha kuti "mnyamata Mokhwima". Ndipo mu 1936, a censors aletsa kusonyeza chithunzi ichi nthanthi pa nsalu yotchinga chachikulu, pofotokozera chifukwa chakuti nkhani ya chithunzi ndi kutali kwenikweni, ndipo mfundo zake ndi sitimva. Mufilimuyi aliyense sanagone pa shelufu mpaka m'ma zaka zao za sikisite, kenako anayamba kusonyeza omvera misa. Tikumbukenso kuti nkhani imene inabuka mu filimu "mnyamata Mokhwima", ndi lero ndi zogwirizana.

kulenga yopuma

Mwachibadwa, pambuyo zimene boma kuti pachithunzipa "Mokhwima mnyamata" maestro sizikanatha kunyamula kuyang'ana pa monga podzudzula ntchito yake. Sanalinso amapanga mafilimu, kuika nzeru kuphunzitsa.

Koma patapita kanthawi iye anazindikira kuti ntchito yake woona - akutsogolera.

mphepo yachiwiri

Mu 1940 Abram akubwera ntchito pa "Mosfilm", kupanga filimu kachiwiri. nthawi iyi amaika pachithunzipa, yokondweretsa censors. Kwavomelezedwa kuti kuonera matepi awa: "The squadron nambala 5" (1939), "mliri" (1944), "Mu mapiri a Yugoslavia" (1946).

Mochedwa siteji ya zilandiridwenso

Mu 1956 Rohm anatembenukira kwa mutu wa udindo wa madokotala, zimene mtengo wina kupulumutsa miyoyo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali filimu "Mtima wanga ukugunda kachiwiri ...." Mu maestro 60 imatsogoleredwa chithunzi zochokera ntchito za upamwamba Russian. Makamaka, tikulankhula za filimu "garnet chibangili" (malinga Kuprin, 1964), "Chakumapeto Maluwa" (by Chekhov, 1969).

maudindo ena

Abramu sanali kokha limapanga filimu, komanso mkulu luso mafilimu monga "Nkhani nambala 306" (1956), "Pa m'mabwinja a kalonga" (1957). Mu filimu "chipsopsono cha Mary Pickford" anayesa m'manja mwake wosewera ndi.

Muzipereka kwa luso losiyanasiyana

Mosakayikira, Rohm anali mlembi wa azimuth latsopano mafilimu a kanema. Mufilimuyi akatswiri a masiku ano adzaitana kalembedwe wake wa Hyper-Kuzindikira, ozikidwa pa ndende ya chidwi kwa chilengedwe, masewera wojambula ndi chinthu, kuika dziko mumtima wa munthu.

Pezani kagawo kakang'ono mu luso anamuthandiza ntchito zamaganizo B. spondylitis ndi kusanthula kuwerenga maganizo a Freud, ntchito pa siteji, kuchita mankhwala tsiku ndi akatswiri.

kunja ntchito

Panali osangalala kunja ntchito Abram Malo? wotsogolera moyo zachitika bwino. Iye ali pa banja Ammayi Olga Zhizneva, yomwe kenako anajambula pafupifupi kupenta. Nawa ana pa Abramu ayi.

Maestro anafa July 26, 1976 mu Moscow. Kumizidwa pa Vvedensky (German) kumanda, pafupi ndi mkazi wake.