Ali Nagorno-Karabakh

Kudera limeneli wokongola zambiri zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe zinachitika zipilala kuti akadali tcheru anthu ofufuza ena ndi alendo. Koma Karabakh phiri amadziwika kuzungulira dziko nkhondo yapachiweniweni mudakhumudwapo mu 1988 - kotero analamula mbiri. Wayamba zachisoni, amene anapha anthu ambiri chochitika anali mawu a kasamalidwe kudziyimira pawokha kuti agwirizane Armenia. Panopa, dera kwenikweni mbali loyang'anira Azerbaijan, ukulamulidwa ndi lonena dziko Republic Nagorno-Karabakh.

Nagorno-Karabakh: nanga uli kuti?

Iwo ali phiri foothill madera ena a Caucasus Wamng'ono, ndi homonymous Hrs m'deralo. The etymology dzina amachokera kwa Turkic "Kara" (lomwe limatanthauza kuti "wakuda") ndipo "phwaa" (mu Persian - "munda"). Nthawi zambiri mawu amenewa - phiri-Karabakh - dzina kwambiri ndi mabwalo yosadziwika. Koma gawo lawolawo lifanane pang'ono chabe.

m'mbiri yakale

Kale phiri Karabakh asezare mafuko, imene inali ndi mizu osati m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. mafuko awa wothira Armenia, ndi dera adalowa akuphatikizapo (4-2 mu. BC). Panthawi imeneyi, m'dera anali gawo la ufumu Chiameniya Ervandidskogo (dzina - m'chigawo Artsakh). Atagwa ufumu Chiameniya umapita ku Caucasus Albania (Persian yozungulira). Koma kwa nthawi yaitali zikuchokera mafuko Chiameniya Armenified ndipo tiri ndi zizindikiro zonse za chikhalidwe Chiameniya. Choncho, buku lina mbiri 700 AD. e. anthu okhala m'phiri ndiye Karabakh, anati Chiameniya chilankhulo. Ndipo ife tinali ndi zizindikiro zonse anthu a gulu mitundu.

Middle Ages ndi Modern History

The 9-11 m'ma gawo m'gulu kubwezeretsedwa kwa boma la Armenia, koma cha m'ma 13 izo ankalamulidwa ndi akalonga Chiameniya. Patapita zaka 12-13 Karabakh - mmodzi wa malo chikhalidwe Chiameniya ndi moyo ndale (monga apaulendo yachilendo). Mpaka m'ma 16, malinga ndi zimene olemba mbiri ena, mu Artsakh anakhalabe mabungwe Chiameniya boma.

Ntchito Ottoman

Mu 20s wa atumwi 18 Karabakh - likulu la nkhondo yomenyana ndi ufumu, Osman, anaitana kutulutsidwa kwa Armenia ku utakhala ndi. Ndipo kuyambira ulamuliro wa Petra Velikogo ndi ansembe kenako ndi makalata chinsinsi, omwe cholinga cha kujowina Karabakh m'madera a Russian Ufumu. Mu zaka za m'ma 18, ndi Khanate unakhazikitsidwa anapanga pansi pa Chiameniya Karabakh ndi madera ndi anthu ali pansi pa ulamuliro wa Turkic.

Russian ufumu

Ndipo mu 1805, pa Chirasha Persian nkhondo Karabakh asilikali Russian analowa. Kuyambira 1813 (Mtendere) - ndi boma Russian gawo. Ndipo kuyambira 1823, pambuyo kuwonongedwa kwathunthu Khanate, Nagorno-Karabakh - gawo loyamba la m'chigawo Russian wa Karabakh, ndiyeno - ochepa zigawo chigawo.

pambuyo 1917

Iwo anaswa Russian Ufumu, ndipo boma la Azerbaijan yomweyo sanatsutse lamanja la Armenia kupereka gawo. Area amakhala m'dera kachiwiri kusiyana mitundu pakati Armenia ndi Azerbaijanis. Ndi chithandizo yachilendo watha bwino ndi gawo pansi pa ulamuliro wa Azerbaijan. Mu Soviet Union, malo ankaona maganizo, koma mu 1921-23 biennium. potsiriza akudutsa mu AzSSR, kenako anamasulidwa mu ankalamulira yoyenda yokha.

Lamapiri Karabakh. Nkhondo ndi mkangano

Chiwerengero Chiameniya a chigawo ndi nthawizonse olandiridwa kuchepetsa (maganizo ake) chilungamo mawu mbiri. Pambuyo Artsakh kudziwika dera ndi mbiri yaitali ya Chiameniya anali zochita owonjezera a boma la Soviet m'manja mwa boma la Azerbaijan ndi kulumikiza Azerbaijan SSR. Mayendedwe wosiyana kwa ena oimira anthu (ndi chiwerengero cha ku Armenia m'zaka za USSR mu Karabakh ali utachepa kwambiri), anali chifukwa chachikulu cha kusafuna kukhala mu udindo umenewo. Zonsezi zapangitsa kuti zikamera a Kukolanaku: pogroms mu Sumgait ndi Baku zochitika Khojaly.

Chofunikira kwambiri za izo anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti boma la Azerbaijan sindikufuna kuzindikira Karabakh kuti mbiri Chiameniya minda, pomanena Armenia ngati munthu wankhanza ndi occupier. Ndipo mu nineties oyambirira zimatha kuyambitsa woyamba zachilengedwe, ndiye kale zikuluzikulu asilikali ntchito zomwe zinachititsa kuti nkhondo pano pakati Azerbaijan ndi Armenia. Osalimba ndi mtendere linakhalanso yekha kwa chaka 94 TH.

A referendum pa ufulu ndi zinthu zikusinthira

Mu TH 91 mu Nagorno-Karabakh msonkhano referendum m'dzikolo pa ufulu. The Republic wapanga mabungwe yoyenda yokha boma. UN ndi mabungwe ena mayiko lero si azindikire ulamuliro wa dziko. Umodzi ndi kukhulupirika ku chiwonetsero yekha Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Transnistria, mwa njira ina nawonso ndiwo yosadziwika. Ku Russia mobwerezabwereza zinthu monga mtendere kuthetsa mkangano. Koma mkangano dziko mpaka pano sizinawakhudze kuuzidwa za malire komanso madera. Azerbaijan likupitirizabe mantha kulanda mphamvu ya Republic ndi Armenia akulimbikira kukhalanso ndi referendum latsopano. Kodi chikuchitika mu Nagorno-Karabakh tsopano? Pamene kusuntha dziko Republic akupitiriza kukhala mafakitale monga ulimi, zokopa alendo ndi migodi. Koma akatiputa ndiponso zonyoza zimayenda magulu anawazunza zikupitirirabe, ngakhale boma amanena kuti zinthu lolamulidwa.