Alma - mtsinje mu Crimea. Kufotokozera, zizindikiro zithunzi

Alma Mtsinje - mmodzi wa ambiri okongola ndi yaikulu madzi a Crimea chilumba. M'litali - 83 Km. kutalika Zimenezi zimathandiza watercourse yachiwiri chichitike pambuyo p. Salgir. Beseni ali ndi malo a 635 sq. Km.

Mwachidule za zazikulu

Alma - phiri mtsinje. gwero lake pa otsetsereka a kumpoto Babugan-Yayla. Izi chimbuzi cha Crimea Mountains, m'chigwa pakati m'mapiri awiri - Sinab Dagh ndi siketing'i. Kuno ankaona kuti chiyambi cha Alma pophatikizana a utuluke madzi awiri - mtsinje waung'ono ndi kukhamukira Babuganki tipitirize-Lamulungu. Kumpoto kwa gwero ndi yodziwika massif Chater-Dag.

Alma ukuyenda mwa malangizo kumpoto, ndiye theka likukhalira kumadzulo, pa mapeto a utuluke panopa mu Calamita Bay. Adzaupereka kwa chigwa cha nyanja Black. Administratively, umayenda mwa dera Alushta, Simferopol ndi Bakhchisarai malo.

Malire chapamwamba mtsinje kumachitika m'kati mwamalire a Crimea Natural Reserve. Pa malo Alma - mtsinje ndi khalidwe kutchulidwa phiri. Mawuwa oyera kasupe madzi ndi panopa mofulumira. Palinso amatenga yokha makhwawa atatu - Malovu Mawla ndi youma Alma. Pambuyo pake, mtsinje ikuyenda Bakal-Soo ndi Bodrak. Mapeto pafupifupi sukukhalakonso. Pafupi ndi Gulf wa Alma lowe, inamera mabango.

hydronym

Kutanthauza "mtsinje wa Alma?" Chiyambi cha dzina ali Mabaibulo angapo. Pa magombe a watercourse kukula zipatso, mitengo kwambiri apulo pano. Akukhulupirira kuti malowo chifukwa cha mtsinje anali apulo zipatso, monga mawu "Alma" mu Turkic amatanthauza "apulo." Komabe, woyamba chilumba maphunziro ofufuza amavomereza kuti mtsinje nalo dzina lake pa mpanda wolimba wa Alma-Kermen. Chimulu cha Dothi inali chabe gombe la mtsinje.

mbali madzi

Alma - mtsinje padziko limene nthano. The madzi ali ndi mankhwala, tebulo katundu. Malinga ndi mipweya izo hydrocarbonate, calcium ndi magnesium zosafunika, ofooka mineralization. Mu malo akulowa inflow Sarah-Lamulungu, masika-kasupe aumbike Savluh-Lamulungu ( "umathandizanso madzi") mumtsinje. The madzi ndi choonadi wolemera kwambiri zili mchere ndi ntchito zolinga mankhwala ndi oyenera kumwa.

Features

Mu gawo wofunika, Alma amakhala okongola kwambiri. chigwa ake imakulitsa, otaya amakhala mwabata, ndi kuzungulira mtsinje ali anapangidwa ndi nkhalango kwabasi. Pa mbali zonse za mtsinje ndi miyala yaing'ono boulders, limene kwa zaka zambiri anali atachuluka ndi Moss. Mu chimodzi malo amenewo madzi, akuponya mulu waukulu wa miyala, kupanga yaing'ono koma wokongola kwambiri mathithi ndi dzina chidwi - Nathenje. dzina lake iye ali ndi mwayi. Mfundo ndi kuti limeneli akupezeka nsomba otchuka wa banja nsomba - mumapezeka nsomba. Monga mukudziwa, iye amakhala yekha mu loonekeratu madzi, koma chifukwa phiri Alma - mtsinje, abwino kwa mtundu uwu. Nsomba anabweretsa muno makamaka ku madera a Baltic. Anamanga pambuyo pake nsomba, umene ukugwira kuswana mumapezeka nsomba. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, amatunga wapadera zinamangidwa pano.

Malire kunsi kwa mtsinje

Mu malire apansi otsetsereka a amachepetsa mpaka confluence mu Alma Bay. Pagombe m'dera inamera mabango ndi zomera chithaphwi. Mafunde mkulu, madzi m'nyanja, kugwa mu mtsinje, kupanga izo mchere. Komanso m'dera lino, chifukwa cha madipoziti okhazikika mchenga, anapanga yabwino zosangalatsa magombe. Kuchokera pansi pa mtsinje anatsuka anajambulapo interspersed ndi za nsangalabwi, amene akupera, ofanana ndi ngale ya.

madamu

Pamodzi njira ya Alma mu nthawi Union, malo awiri zinamangidwa. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito ulimi madzi. Komanso kumtunda, pafupi. Mgoza, olimbanawo mosungiramo inamangidwa. Imakhala madzi Simferopol chigawo. Pambuyo pake mu 1934 Alminski mosungiramo inamangidwa, amene anali kuigwiritsa ntchito pa mafakitale. Komanso mu malo awa a m'deralo mwachangu kuthera nthawi yotentha, ulesi ndi kusangalala ndi zokongola.

mabuku a mbiri yakale

Alma mtsinje Crimea kudziwika ndi mbiri yakale. Mu 1854, pamene Crimea nkhondo nkhondo kunachitika mu watercourse ndi wodziwika mu mbiri monga Nkhondo ya Alma Mtsinje. Patapita ake, asilikali Russian anagonjetsedwa otsutsa. Ndipo polemekeza chigonjetso mu nkhondo ya French ngakhale anamanga mlatho mtsinjewo. Khoka, imene inkatchedwa - Alma.