Amene anafika South Pole loyamba? Amundsen ndi chintchito

Otulukira M'madera a zitunda kum'mwera si nthawi zonse analola maina awo mbiri. Maulendo ambiri kokhaku ndi mayina a atsogoleri awo, kusiya mu anaiwalika mayina a ophunzira ena. Amene anafika South Pole choyamba, Mwamwayi, anasiya mayina awo. Wanzeru ulendo, anakwaniritsa cholinga chake, chinachitika mu 1911.

Roald Amundsen. mbiri yamoyo ndi maphunziro

Norway wamkulu, amene anafika South Pole choyamba, zonse oyendayenda m'mbali yovuta kwambiri ndi kumene kulibe anthu ambiri a Dziko Lapansi. Iye anabadwa mu 1872 ku banja la amalinyero. Ngakhale mu zaka zake zoyambirira manja a ofufuza tsogolo ali ndi bukhu zodabwitsa ndi J. Franklin -. Kumalo ozizira wofufuza. Roald Amundsen anadzazidwa ndi lingaliro la kukhala mpainiya, choncho mwana kukonzekera mavuto m'tsogolo. Iye ankagona ndi mazenera lotseguka ngakhale mu ozizira kwambiri, anali wodzichepetsa kwambiri chakudya ndi zonse ophunzitsidwa thupi lake. mayi wake ankafuna Roald anadzipereka mankhwala. Iye mokhulupirika kuphunzira mabuku ndi kupitanso kukaphunzira. Koma nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa yake Amundsen yagoletsa mabuku nayamba akudzikonzekeretsa kuyenda kumalo ozizira.

ulendo oyamba

M'chombocho wake woyamba Roald Amundsen anapita zaka 22. Iye poyamba anali ngati kanyumba mnyamata pa bolodi nsomba chotengera hodivshem mu North Atlantic. M'chaka cha 1896, kwa nthawi yoyamba amakakamizidwa nyengo yachisanu ndi mabwenzi ake M'madera a zitunda mkulu. Wintering anali mwadzidzidzi posakonzekera, panyanjawa anakakamizika kudya nsapato zawo kupulumuka. Atabwerera, anaona kufunika kukonzekera bwino zinthu zovuta. Kenako, Amundsen anatha kukhoza mayeso ofunika ndipo analandira mkulu panyanja wake.

"Joa" anakhala munthu woyamba, chilikupita bwalo mwini chombo wapaulendo. Ndi adalira yaing'ono Amundsen anali naye ku Greenland kuti Alaska, kutsegula chakumadzulo fupi. Izi yokonza kwambiri zinthu chilikupita ku M'madera a zitunda kumalo ozizira zinamupatsa kucha kwa kutulukira zinthu zatsopano, mwa iwo Pole South.

ulendo

Mu 1910, mothandizidwa ndi wamkulu Nansen R. Amundsen akukonzekera ulendo wopita ku Antarctica. Chifukwa chaichi, Iye hayala ngalawa "Fram" umene ukuyenera lidzaponyedwe Antarctica apaulendo. Mosamalitsa maulendowa, wopangidwa mwa anthu asanu, agalu 52 ndi sledges anayi, akapita paulendo. October 19, 1911 apaulendo tidakocheza pa Ross alumali ndi n'kulowa Africa achisanu.

Poyamba, maulendowa anali nthawi yaitali lonse achisanu m'chipululu. Atawoloka kufanana 85 pa mtunda zasintha - msewu watsekedwa ndi ovuta mkulu ayezi. Pa phazi la ovuta anzake adzaika stash ka m'matangadza chakudya. kamba zina Amundsen adatenga, kuwerengetsa kuti South chirengedwe mzati n'kotheka, ndi njira ndi kumbuyo ayenera zosaposa masiku 60.

Ndi pakati pa apaulendo anakonza akuti anafika glacier lalikulu, dzina lake polemekeza Axel Heiberg - ndi kuthandizira kwa ulendo, ndi Amundsen anakhulupirira chigonjetso ndipo anapereka ndalama zambiri kuti azipeza kangachepe. Kenako pa khadi anasindikizidwa mayina a anthu ena, anzawo ndiponso achibale. Choncho anaonekera pa mapu a Antarctica glacier Liv dzina la mwana wamkazi wa F. Nansen.

tikafike kumeneko

M'katikati mwa chilimwe apaulendo anafika Nayenso amene sanali anapita komabe, palibe ulendo kumalo ozizira. Kumalekezero a mu ozizira, lotseguka Shackleton, osati zotheka chirengedwe zizindikiro mzati lonse 180 Km. Atayendetsa m'chigawo chomaliza cha ulendo, maulendowa moti aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino limene anawoloka meridians onse a Dziko Lapansi. Dzina aliyense amene anafika South Pole choyamba, kosatha zogwirizana ndi ozizira a kum'mwera Africa. Iwo Roald Amundsen, Oscar Wisting, Sverre Hassel, Helmer Hansen ndi Olaf Byaland.

kukhala awo mpaka kum'mwera kwa dziko poyera apaulendo chikondwerero Norway mbendera ndi pennant ndi ngalawa "Fram". Suli kutali ndi hema choikidwacho mbendera zomwe Amundsen anapereka uthenga wake kwa Goliyati - Scott. Akukonzekera kukhala awo pa Pole South, maulendowa tinabwerera.

Ulendo wonsewo unatenga masiku 99. Amene anafika South Pole choyamba, mokondwera moni woyamba mwa sitimayo "Fram", ndipo - m'tauni yaing'ono Hobard inali ku Tasmania. Kuyambira pamenepo, uthenga unafika mu nyuzipepala ya dziko, umene uli kum'mwera mfundo m'dziko anagonjetsa. Koma ulendo Roald Amundsen sikunaimitse ...