"Anzeru": lofanana, mithunzi ya tanthauzo, ntchito kuchuluka kwa mawu

Kuchuluka ndi expressiveness a chinenero chilichonse atsimikiziridwa osati chiwerengero cha mawu mu kapangidwe kake, komanso malo a ntchito zawo, zosiyanasiyana zamalankhulidwe, maluso associative, komanso kudzera mwa mapangidwe mphatso latsopano pamaziko a anthu alipo. N'chimodzimodzi ndi antonymous kulankhulana ndi mawonedwe chodabwitsa ambiguity komanso amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha chinenero. Chifukwa mwayi waukulu Chirasha ndi kuyenda chodabwitsa kanthu pa njira zonse zikuchitika mmadera ndi kusinkhasinkha iwo. Choncho zapamwamba kuti moyo wa anthu amasonyeza mu malo oyamba, m'chinenero chake.

Kodi zikutanthauza kuti "wophunzira"?

Imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika lexicology - wapadera ndi ambiguity. Akatswiri apeza kuti mawu onse akhoza kukhala mmodzi kapena angapo mfundo zamalankhulidwe, waukulu umene amafotokozedwa otanthauzira lapansi. Kuwulula osayenera awo amathandiza contextual chilengedwe n'chimodzimodzi tithe. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "anzeru". Lofanana thereto amusankha "paulendowu" - kudziwa. Komabe, susonyeza lonse osiyanasiyana mfundo ndi mbali yaing'ono. Ndipotu, mawu kucheza ndi zina zambiri.

Nthano za Mfumu

Mu wotchuka wolemba Hans Mkhristu Andersen nthano kumeneko ostrosatiricheskoy analankhula osati kwambiri kwa ana akuluakulu - za mfumu amene anaonekera pamaso pa anthu mu wamaliseche. tailors onyenga anamuuza kuti poshyut chovala zodabwitsa za nkhaniyi, amene angathe kuona chabe ochenjera (chimodzimodzi mu nkhani iyi - malo ake) anthu. Ngakhale August munthu, kapena ogwira ake sanafune kuvomereza kuti iwo sakuona ndi zingwe m'manja mwa achifwamba. Ndipotu palibe munthu amene amafuna pochitika wopusa ndi, atakhala mtumiki wina mpando kapena wachifumu. Iwo anali mwana, moyo ndi maganizo amene anali odzipereka kwambiri ndi lachibadwa, saopa kufuula kuti mfumu - maliseche! Mwachitsanzo zikuloza kwa mtundu wina wa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "wanzeru" imene ili lofanana - "moona, zoona, chilungamo, moona mtima."

deta etymological

Amayesetsa kukhazikitsa mmene chizindikiro analowa zolankhula zathu. Malinga ndi dikishonale Vasmer, amachokera kwa Chisilavo mawonekedwe a "um." Ndi chifukwa chinenero m'munsi, ofanana kwa anthu onse Asilavo, ndipo panali mawu akale Russian "um" Chisilavo Chakale zosinthika, ndiye Chirasha, Chiyukireniya, Chibelarusi, etc. Kodi mawu akuti "anzeru" ndipo n'chimodzimodzi ndi mizu Latin - «aumuõ», umene ndi malingaliro, ndi «aumenis» - «kukumbukira», komanso ndithu kugwirizana kusonyezeka ndi ake Chisilavo Chakale mizu.

MPATUKO pa otanthauzira

Tsopano tiyeni tione mmene chizindikiro ndi mankhwala m'madikishonale lapansi. Izi zidzathandiza wodzipatula mithunzi ya tanthauzo ndi njira zotheka ntchito zake kulankhula, mabuku, etc.

• Tiyeni tiyambe ndi dikishonare, lolembedwa ndi Efraimu. Mmenemo kutanthauzira mawu oti maziko a mbali katundu kulankhula. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikambirana akuti "anzeru", tanthauzo lake motere :. "Munthu amene ali ndi maganizo, waluntha, wabwino ' Ngati adjective, izo chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi chogwirizana nauni "wanzeru -. Munthu / luso, mochenjera nyama" Izi ndi phindu mwachindunji. Koma palinso wonyamulikayu. Malinga ndi iye, n'chimodzimodzi ndi "wochenjera" - ndi luso (mwaluso manja), anzeru, (wanzeru makina kompyuta), ubwino wasayansi.
• Collegiate Collegiate Dictionary - mmenemo mawu kutanthauziridwa monga "kukhala ndi nzeru, kulingalira, aluntha." Mwachitsanzo: "Tema, mukhale anzeru, osati kusungunuka!"
• Dikishonare Kuznetsova kusiyanitsidwa mtengo wa chizindikiro cha, malingana amene ali kulankhula - za munthu kapena nyama. Mbali yoyamba, kutanthauzira za "wochenjera - munthu amene ali kulingalira" wachiwiri - ". Wophunzira, waluntha" Mwachitsanzo, "wochenjera mtsikana", "wochenjera mphaka." Khalidwe limeneli koyamba zimakhala. Secondary otumphukira chomwecho limafanana ndi malongosoledwe a "anzeru -. Anabadwa malingaliro, mlingo wa chiweruzo, maphunziro" Zitsanzo: "wanzeru filimu - nkhani; chinthu anzeru - wololera ".
• Chimodzi mwa ulemu ndi lofunika mabuku zinenero - Dictionary Ozhegova ndi Shvedova. Kutanthauzira mawu mmenemo "wochenjera" pafupi kumasulira Kuznetsova. Ndicho, Woyambirira :. "Anzeru - ndi malingaliro kapena akufotokoza wake" Mwachitsanzo, "wochenjera maonekedwe, munthu, awathandize bwinobwino." Mophiphiritsa izo zikhoza kukhala "pepala anzeru", "mawu anzeru". tanthauzo Secondary: "wololera analenga malingaliro" - "wochenjera kuchita."

Awiriawiri ofanana ndi otsutsana

The Kupenda tanthauzo lexical mawu ndife chidwi chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutenga nkhani limasonyeza ake n'chimodzimodzi ndi otsutsana mawonedwe. Kudziwa, kamodzinso ife ndikaonekere kwa otanthauzira. ndi lofanana mawu Kodi "anzeru" atsogoleri kupereka? Izi "wanzeru," "wopusa," "anzeru," "anzeru," "wanzeru," "wanzeru," "smyshlony", "kulingalira" chitachitika "brainy", "brainy", "brainy". Onsewo kugawana wamba sema "kukhalapo m'maganizo". Choncho, Griboyedov mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" FAMUSOV amalankhula za Chatsky kuti "yaing'ono mutu / Ndipo walemba ulemerero, anamasuliridwa." Wina chidwi Mwachitsanzo synonymization - okuluwika "mutu pa mapewa ake." Upotreblonny mophiphiritsa (Zining'a lililonse), izo zipangizo tanthauzo lofanana: "Munthu cipo anadza kamala m'moyo uno, ngati iye ali mutu pa mapewa ake. Kuyambira zotuluka iliyonse malo adzapeza chidutswa cha mkate ndi nthawi udzabala. " Koma otsutsana, ndiye iwo momveka bwino: "chitsiru," "wopusa," "wakuyiwala," "unready", "opusa", "headless".