Art Nouveau pa zomangamanga, kupenta ndi zamkati. Monga taonera Art Nouveau ornamentation, Catering kapena zokongoletsa?

mizere yosalala, dongosolo zamatsenga ndi zachilengedwe mitundu - izi ndi kalembedwe Art Nouveau kuti analanda onse a ku Ulaya cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi m'ma makumi awiri. Ganizo yaikulu ya malangizo amenewa - ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe. Pakuti anakhala wotchuka amene analanda zapaderazi onse kulenga.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu a kudzinenera kulenga ntchito zawo anatsanzira masitaelo mbiri yakale. Izi pang'onopang'ono zinachititsa kuti kuchepa ndi mavuto. Ndipo apa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma maganizo atsopano pa luso lomwe mayiko ambiri analandira zosiyanasiyana mayina - kalembedwe Art Nouveau Velde, chimakono, Art Nouveau, Art Nouveau, kalembedwe Tiffany. Kumene, maganizo otere osadzuka paokha. luso lake motengera Japanese.

Mu 1856, ku France Felix Brakmon anachita chidwi ndi zipsera Japanese pa mapaketi a tiyi. Amazing chikhalidwe woyengeka mkazi, mwambo wa dzuwa ... Izi anauzira wojambula kulenga zojambula zatsopano, chogwidwa ndi akalumikidzidwa anamaliza ndi zachilengedwe mitundu. Ufulu wa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu, limaonetseratu silhouette ndi contours whimsical posachedwapa anaonekera mu ntchito za amisiri ena.

Mu 1890 ku England, anabadwa kayendedwe zimene zimalimbikitsa latsopano luso -oriented chitsanzo. Anapanga mbali sukulu lonse "kalembedwe watsopano" kapena kuti akutchedwa, ndi Art Nouveau.

Mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe

Posachedwapa mfundo za "kalembedwe latsopano" zinapatsira ndi mbuye osati kupenta komanso zomangamanga, mamangidwe mkati, zodzikongoletsera luso.

Aliyense malo ali ndi makhalidwe ake, koma palinso kufanana:

• Chosowa mizere molunjika ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino.
• akalumikidzidwa anamaliza, palibe tanthawuzo mu masamu.
• Natural mumthunzi ndi malankhulidwe: chithaphwi, zofiirira, zobiriwira, buluu, golide, siliva.
• Mu zinthu pano masamba - nthambi, mpesa, udzu, maluwa. Waukulu kalembedwe chizindikiro - cyclamen maluwa mu mawonekedwe ake onse.
• Image dongosolo mu dziko nyama.
• Kulambira mkazi ndi tsitsi lalitali.
• Ntchito zosiyanasiyana zipangizo.

zilandiridwenso

Art Nouveau ndiAmene zambiri "dzanja ufulu" mawu a kudzinenera zakukhosi. mfundo Classic ndi bwino pa backburner lapansi. Chinthu chachikulu zaluso - munthu njira nzeru, masomphenya a munthu ndi chikhalidwe. Pansi ndi onyenga! A zambiri ntchito anachita mu njira imeneyi, kotero wapadera, kuti koyamba n'zovuta kuti izi ndi ntchito ya munthu ...

Art Nouveau kalembedwe m'katikati

Kamangidwe ka nyumba, nyumba kapena Villa, akuyendera kalembedwe imeneyi ndi yabwino anthu kulenga ndi zapadera amene amakonda zinthu zachilengedwe mu mawonekedwe ake onse.

Kutsindika waukulu mkati zichitike pakalibe mizere molunjika, ndipo ngakhale m'mphambano za zipinda. Iwo anali visualized ndi silingamveke. Mawindo, zitseko ndi pamafelemu a nyumba kwambiri anamaliza okongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsera achilengedwe.

Zokongoletsa kalembedwe Art Nouveau - woyengedwa mtsikana chokhala mermaids, magulu a nyama ndi zomera - ali oyenera ulemerero wa zipinda zonse moyo ndi zipinda ana, ndi zimbudzi, tisadwale.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ulemerero wa osiyana kwambiri. Zimenezi zingakhale osakaniza zitsulo, mwala, nkhuni. Mwakhama akuyendera kunyumba yokongola galasi, makamaka frosted kapena papezeka. Pansi mu zipinda nthawi zambiri magulu. Afunika kupita ku moto (achilengedwe kapena yoyerekeza).

Mbali zikuperekedwa

Kodi lalikulu kufunika zamkati: kuumba pa denga, masitepe ndi zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso komanso Chalk - nyali, zithunzi, nyali tebulo. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa akalumikidzidwa ndi chodabwitsa ndi kalirole yaikulu ku madera anamaliza mipando, chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ndi masamba. Mipando ayenera kutsindika mfundo zikuluzikulu za mlengi - ndi kukumananso ndi chikhalidwe. M'maganizo ndi zimamvekera ntchito zosiyanasiyana Eugene, Galle, Louis Majorelle, Victor Prouvé.

Art Nouveau mkati - zikuchokera kwathunthu, momwe zinthu zonse ndi mbali ndi wowonjezera. No flashiness ndi kuwala padziko m'mlengalenga wopambana.

Watsopano zinthu zomangamanga

Malowedwe kalembedwe pa zomangamanga zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa umisiri nyumbayi. Zida Akutsatira monga galasi, chitsulo, konkire, ceramic chindwi. Mosavuta ntchito zinthu kapangidwe - masitepe, zipilala, makonde, matabwa matabwa ndi bwalo. Denga ndi mu mawonekedwe a makutu, anaŵerama ming'alu zipolopolo. Makoma, mazenera chokongoletsedwa ndi mwakemu ndi cornices. Chidwi makamaka kuumba pa makoma mu mawonekedwe a zomera ndi akazi ndi loyenda tsitsi.

Art Nouveau kalembedwe pa zomangamanga kudziwika kwa dziko ndi Viktor thupi (iye anali woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito kalembedwe malingaliro pomanga). Kuchitira nyumba ya chitsulo anagwira mu mawonekedwe a zomera, kuposa osati anthu amakopeka, komanso anachititsa kusangalala.

Bwino kwa ife yapansi pakhomo hema kuona dziko lapansi mwa wamanga Hector Guimard. Mfundo imeneyi wamangidwa misika yokutidwa ndi maholo chifukwa cha zikondwerero. Nthawi zambiri kalembedwe nyengo lotchedwa zambiri "Metro kalembedwe".

nyumba yonse ya nthawi kuti sangathe adzatchedwa zopangidwa, kotero iwo woyenera mogwirizana m'tchire.

zodzikongoletsera

mtundu wa stagnation comprehended m'zaka za m'ma mochedwa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi jewelers. mfundo ndi yakuti kwa zokongoletsa ntchito misewu, zachilengedwe zitsulo. Ndipo, ndithudi, Chalk izi zinali kokha kwa olemera. Jewelers amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito yawo mtengo zinthu sizinali bwino, ndipo makamaka - zinachititsa kuti kuchepa malonda.

Maluwa filigree akhale mmisiri chinachitikira ndi ntchito ya zojambulajambula Czech ndi wojambula Alfons Mucha. Jewelers anauziridwa ndi zokongoletsera zachilendo zomwe wokometsedwera Alphonse akazi pa zithunzi zawo. Posachedwapa, iye anayamba zina zachidule zodzikongoletsera dongosolo. Ena umaimiridwa ndi ntchito za wotchuka Parisian jeweler Georges Fouquet. ntchito wotchuka kwambiri pa zina zachidule Ntchentche - chibangili mu mawonekedwe a njoka.

Kuyambira pamenepo, osati mtengo zodzikongoletsera ali ofunika mu zodzikongoletsera ndi luso kalembedwe, kapangidwe cholinga. Mu malo ya diamondi mtengo kubwera theka-miyala ya mtengo - opals, tourmaline, ndi kalikedo, aquamarine. Njira ankakonda anali enamel.

Zokongoletsa kukhala matupi khalidwe. Mwa zolinga - chilengedwe mitu: maluwa, tizirombo, ziweto ndi nyama zokwawa.

nymphs wachisomo ndi mermaids

Njira yokhayo pofotokoza kupenta wa Art Nouveau nthawi. Chokongoletsera za pa nsalu zokha ayi, ndi captivates ndi khalidwe zachilengedwe ndi nenaigrannym. Chamene ntchito ya ojambula - wamkazi thupi ndi akalumikidzidwa anamaliza, ukuyenda tsitsi ndi okongola kwambiri. Chilakolako mwachikondi akatiputa ndiponso chilakolako, chisangalalo ndi kusalakwa - mmene ambiri limatulutsa Art Nouveau-thunzi!

Apadera kukongola wamkazi pambuyo kuoneka zithunzi Czech zojambulajambula - A. Mucha. Kwa nthawi yaitali mu mithunzi, iye potsiriza amadziŵika monga mbuye woona wa luso lake! Anayankha ntchito yake inali ntchito ya Follereau, Klimt, HOFFMANN, Gauguin, Denny ndi amisiri ena otchuka. Mu kupenta Russian za "kalembedwe latsopano" anajambula chithunzi cha P. Bonnard, M. Vrubel, V. Vasnetsov, Konstantin Somov.

Pa nsalu zokha ayi wa akamachita akazi tandem ndi zachilengedwe. bwino kwambiri, mukhoza mungawononge mwambo wa dzuwa - kwa mapepala ambiri maziko imafalikira mu mawonekedwe a bwalo, chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa. Sitileka, ndi chimodzimodzi zachilengedwe amajambulapo maluwa okongola onse: limalephera ndi nkhanga, umatheka ndi maluwa, masamba ndi mafunde. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mawonekedwe osati zili.

Art Nouveau Catering

Lingaliro la "Catering" anaonekera ndi posachedwapa ndi anthu ambiri amakhalabe bwinobwino. Komabe, mu bodza zinthu zonse zobisika ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa yosavuta. Ndi Catering English anamasuliridwa kuti "mphamvu okwana" ndipo ndi Catering utumiki maphwando ndi zochitika. Mu mawu ena - kuyendera malo odyera. Kuphika, kudya, Catering ndi utumiki tsopano likupezeka ndi zakudya establishments.

Catering makampani - zikumveka ndi Mgwirizano wa ntchitoyi gulu la holide kuyambira pa chiyambi mpaka mapeto, kuphatikizapo ulemerero wa nyumbayo, ndi woyera.

mabungwe amenewa mitundu yambiri ya ntchito:

• Kuphika mu chipinda. Chifukwa chaichi, wapadera phwando alendi.
• Catering m'chilengedwe. Mwachidule, ndi ukwati ndi kupenta.
• Kutumiza Corporate chakudya cha mu ofesi, pamsonkhano msonkhano.
• Outbound bala (zakumwa okha).
• Social Catering - utumiki odyera, koma zida makasitomala a.

Mtengo wa ntchito za makampani amenewa zimadalira mlingo wa utumiki. Kumene, misonkhano Catering chikhalidwe adzakhala mtengo kuposa VIP-Catering.

Pafupifupi makampani kutenga rubles 2500-3500 pa munthu, ndi kuti ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 zikwi rubles.

Anthu ambiri lerolino amasangalala maphwando ukwati mu chikhalidwe. Ndipotu, ngakhale malo ambiri osankhika sangathe m'malo gombe, mtsinje kapena nkhalango m'mbali. Ziribe kanthu mu malo ati adzakhale mwambo wa msinkhu zofunika.

Ndi sanawakhulupirire "chochitika chachikulu cha moyo," mabungwe Catering, eni alendo adzakumbukira tchuthi: yokongola, zipangizo ndi zotengera ndi kuwasankha kalembedwe ankafuna. Chirichonse ikuchitika pa mlingo wapamwamba, ngati mafilimu bwino American.

A mawu ochepa pomaliza

Art Nouveau pambuyo m'bandakucha zawo zinachitika kale kwambiri. Pambuyo angapo zaka zambiri, masiku luso wakhala mlandu chosowa affectation ndi chikhalidwe. Iwo m'malo ndi momveka ndi masamu.

Anthu a kudzinenera kulenga, ngakhale salinso ntchito mu "kalembedwe watsopano", iye wakhala si kumizidwa mu chisokonezeko. Masiku ano, luso limeneli ayamba kutchuka kachiwiri.

Naturalism nthawi zonse mmaonekedwe

Latsopano umisiri ndipo zosiyanasiyana zipangizo kulola mapulani ndi okonza kulenga zinthu wapadera. Kuuza dziko nyumba ndi mtengo lachibadwa, kuti maonekedwe awo ndipo mkati mkati kugwirizanitsa ndi chikhalidwe ndi kupereka lingaliro la mgwirizano ndi mtendere. Naturalism amachitira a Art Nouveau, konse adzatuluke mafashoni.

Okhudzidwa kamangidwe ka malo zinali zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso adagwira chitsulo ndipo iye adaponyamo masitepe ndi zambiri masamba ndi mipukutu, komanso kudenga kumvetsa ndipo zapadera. Great kufunika zokongoletsa pamanja - nyali, nyali, Miphika. Mbali yofunika ya maluwa mkati zitsulo, kuyambira violets ang'ono ndi kutsiriza ndi mitengo zosowa kanjedza ndi zomera zina.

Ndinkaba kalembedwe ino ndiponso mabafa wathu. Anamaliza chipolopolo, mitundu chodabwitsa cha osambira ndi yamvumbi osati anakopeka apachiyambi, komanso kwambiri kupulumutsa danga mu chipinda.

"New kalendala" - ndi mbiri wapatali ndi choyambirira chodabwitsa. Kumuyamikila, anthu a kudzinenera kulenga anatha maganizo awo, kukhala payekha osati ena.