Australia: zachilengedwe ndi ntchito

Commonwealth of Australia ndi dziko yekha kuti ali ndi kontinenti lonse. Kodi bwanji zachilengedwe la Australia? Mwatsatanetsatane za chuma cha dziko ndi ntchito nkhani zotsatirazi nkhaniyi.

madera

dziko ili pa Africa yemweyo, amene kwathunthu ili mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera. Kuwonjezera Chile, Australia mulinso zisumbu zina, kuphatikizapo Tasmania. State kugombe osambitsidwa ndi Pacific ndi nyanja Indian ndi nyanja.

Ndi dera, dziko tithe chimodzi mu dziko, koma monga kontinenti ndi Australia ndi zazing'ono. Pamodzi ndi archipelagos ambiri ndi zilumba mu chakumadzulo Pacific, ndipamene mbali ya dziko Australia ndi Oceania.

dziko lili mabacteria subequatorial, otentha kwa chilumba cha Tasmania ili mu zone ya kotentha. Chifukwa mtunda kwambiri ochokera ku mayiko ena kwa nyengo Australia amadalira kwambiri pa mafunde a nyanja. Dera la Africa makamaka zigwa, mapiri zili chabe kum'mawa. About 20% ya malo ali wotanganidwa ndi zipululu.

Australia: zachilengedwe ndi zikhalidwe

remoteness Geographical ndi mavuto achititsa kuti mapangidwe chikhalidwe wapadera. M'chipululu zigawo chapakati Africa ndi kuperekedwa steppes louma, lomwe munali zitsamba otsika. chilala yaitali ali alternated ndi kuvumba yaitali.

zinthu kuyeza achititsa kuti mapangidwe mitundu m'dera nyama ndi zomera zipangizo wapadera kugwira chinyezi ndi kupirira kutentha. Mu Australia, kunyumba kwa marsupials ambiri, nyama ndi zomera ndi mizu yolimba mobisa.

M'madera kumadzulo ndi kumpoto cha zinthu lililonse limatisokoneza. Chinyezi amene anabweretsa mvula, amalimbikitsa mapangidwe m'nkhalango zikuluzikulu ndi udzu. Recent kupereka ziweto kwambiri chifukwa ng'ombe ndi nkhosa.

M'madzi zachilengedwe la Australia ndi Oceania si utsalira. Nyanja Miyala ndi wotchuka Great Barrier Reef dera makilomita lalikulu 345.000. Pa m'madzi anthu mitundu zoposa 1000 nsomba, akamba nyanja, nkhanu. Chimakopa nsombazo, anamgumiwa ndi mbalame.

ka madzi

Africa driest - ndi Australia. zachilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a mitsinje ndi nyanja pano ndithu pang'ono. Zoposa 60% m'dzikoli ndi undrained. Mtsinje Murray (kutalika - makilomita 2375) ndi makhwawa Goulburn, Wokondedwa ndi Murrumbidgee ankaona waukulu.

mitsinje kwambiri mothandizidwa ndi mvula, iwo amakhala ang'onoang'ono ndi zing'onozing'ono kukula. M'nthawi youma uphwetsa ngakhale Murray, kupanga munthu amatunga patsogolo. Komabe, makhwawa zake zonse, ndi manja pomanga madamu, dykes ndi madamu.

nyanja Australia ndi matendawa, kakang'ono, imene zigawo pansi ndi mchere. Iwo, ngati mtsinje, wodzazidwa ndi madzi a mvula, sachedwa atayanika kunja ndipo palibe kutuluka. Choncho, mlingo wa nyanja ndi pa dziko lapansi nthawi zonse mosinthasintha. Nyanja yaikulu ndi Air, Gregory, Lake Gairdner.

chuma mchere

Osati malo otsiriza mu nkhokwe dziko mchere amatenga Australia. zachilengedwe wa mtundu uwu ncho mwachangu dziko. M'dera la alumali ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja zilumba kuchotsa gasi, mafuta, kum'mawa - malasha. Dziko ndi ores wachuma wa zitsulo sanali akakhala ndi sanali zachitsulo mchere (mwachitsanzo, mchenga, asibesitosi, Mica, dongo, miyala).

Australia, chirengedwe chimene makamaka mchere khalidwe, zikubweretsa chiwerengero cha bauxite ncho ndi zirconium. Ndi mmodzi wa nkhokwe dziko la ureniamu, manganese ndi malasha. Mu gawo kumadzulo, pachilumba cha Tasmania ili zitsulo m'munsi, nthaka, siliva, kutsogolera ndi mkuwa migodi.

Gold madipoziti amwazikira pafupifupi onse pa kulalikira, ndi nkhokwe yaikulu ali mu gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo. Australia wolemera miyala yamtengo wapatali, kuphatikizapo diamondi, opals. Pali 90% ya chakudya dziko la opals. The mwala waukulu anapeza mu 1989, inkalemera oposa 20 000 carats.

chuma nkhalango

Nyama ndi zomera zachilengedwe la Australia ndi wapadera. Ambiri a mitundu ali kuderako, kuti alipo kokha pa dziko lino. Pakati pa mitengo odziwika bwino kwambiri bulugamu, amene alipo pafupifupi 500 mitundu. Komabe, si onse akhoza kudzitama Australia.

chirengedwe cha dziko awa akuimira nkhalango subtropical. Komabe, iwo amakhala 2 okha% gawolo ndiponso zili zigwa mtsinje. Chifukwa nyengo youma dziko chomera chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mitundu zimene zimapirira chilala: succulents, mthethe, ena dzinthu. Mu zambiri chinyezi gawo kumpoto-kumadzulo ya bulugamu chimphona mitengo kukula, mitengo ya kanjedza, bamboos, mitengoyi, zomera mphira.

oimira zomera ku Australia pali mazana awiri zikwi, 80% amene ali kuderako. Ndi anthu ankaikira kangaroo ndi emu, mdierekezi Tasmanian, buluzi chimphona, platypus, dingo, zouluka nkhandweyo, ndi mamba nalimata, koala, Cuza ndi ena. Pa Africa ndi zilumba pafupi ndi anthu ndi mitundu yambirimbiri ya mbalame (Lyrebirds, swans wakuda, mbalame za paradaiso, cockatoos), zokwawa ndi zokwawa (wochepa-snouted ng'ona, wakuda, frilled, nyalugwe njoka).

Australia: zachilengedwe ndi ntchito

Ngakhale mavuto, Australia zina yaikulu. Chofunika zachuma ndi mchere. Dziko akuchita malo oyamba mu dziko la m'zigawo za ureniamu miyala, wachitatu - bauxite ndi chimodzi - khala migodi.

Dziko lili angathe kudzachita agro-nyengo. Mu Australia, kukula mbatata, kaloti, chinanazi, chestnuts, nthochi, mango, maapulo, nzimbe, dzinthu ndi nyemba. Mankhwala zolinga ndi wakula Opium poppy. Mwakhama kukhala nkhosa kupanga ubweya, ng'ombe ayipanga kwa katundu mkaka ndi nyama.