Abstraction - njira inanso yophunzirira

Mfundo imeneyi unayamba ndi Boethius monga kumasulira kwina kwa mawu Greek ntchito ndi Aristotle. Mkota (kutanthauziridwa amatanthauza "zosangalatsa") - ndi kulekana maganizo a ena maphwando, ubwenzi kapena katundu zochitika ndi zinthu kuti mumatsindikanso ena mbali zofunikira ndi makhalidwe. mapangidwe ofanana simungakhoze kukhala analogues mu dziko thupi. Izi ndi zina mwa ena amalanga masamu. Abstraction - chotsatira chenicheni cha mawu pamwambapa. Komabe, kale akuimira mtundu wa njira chidziwitso.

Abstraction - ndi lingaliro la maganizo

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi ikufotokoza kusintha chitsanzo mwa ena kachitidwe (mwachitsanzo, IP). Pankhaniyi, dongosolo lonse lagawidwa zinthu, amene subsystems. Ndiko kuti, abstraction - opareshoni zomwe zinachititsa chitsanzo zovuta m'malo mwa wosalira, kupatula masiyanidwe kupanga zinthu zomwe, chotero, ndi zina nkhani. Mwachitsanzo, ndondomeko m'malo okwezeka-tanthauzo kanema pa khalidwe otsika kwa kudya file processing ndi kutumiza.

Features aka ndi mu unyolo wa chinthu

Tellingly, mchitidwewo masiyanidwe ntchito mungathe theoretically wopandamalire. Abstraction - njira, amene pambuyo ntchito kuchirikiza katundu wina, ndipo mukhoza kupeza mtundu wa chitsanzo. Komabe, iyi angalumikizaniranenso ntchito m'njira zomwezo. m'zinthu akhoza ambirimbiri. Mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka umboni uliwonse gawo limodzi la chitsanzo anakonzeratu, kusiya ena zikutsatiridwa, pite ku lotsatira anasankha chidutswa. Motero, kuti adzimvera deta mmodzi "mtengo". Pakuti aliyense chitsanzo, ndipo mukhoza kupeza otchedwa chinthu malo, zomwe ndi kusonkhanitsa mipukutu lolongosoka mwa malamulo mwachindunji. Mu Kunena zoona, wopandamalire kugawa lonse m'magulu akhoza kusakhala. Choncho, akulankhula za owerengeka zitsanzo linachokera ku zinachitika pachiyambi, amatchedwa "umboni masanjidwe unyolo."

Zikhulupiriro kalembedwe

Abstraction - ndi kusowa nzeru, pamene muyenera kupeza kusiyana chinthu yeniyeni ndi chikhalidwe cha mavuto kugwirizana nazo. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amaona phiri ngati akonzedwa a mitundu zojambula.

Komabe, ziyenera ankayimira abstraction ndi mtundu:

• generalizing kuti apereka umboni chithunzi chodabwitsa; chifukwa, mungamvetse katundu wamba zitsanzo anaphunzira;
• idealizing - m'malo a wazotsatira weniweni chodabwitsa umboni yabwino chiwembu;
• kwenikweni wopandamalire abstraction - tikukonzekera lililonse mchitidwe wopandamalire wa Anatipatsa (akuganiza pamene mapeto);
• Chimateteza - kusankha mayeso chinthu kapena mikhalidwe chofunika wokhulupirika, mwachitsanzo, lezala Occam ndi ;
• zaphindu - "coarsening" malire a chinthu chenicheni, zinthu zina kuchokera njakata awo.

Chiphunzitso cha "abstraction" akhoza ankayimira ndi zolinga:

• ofunda - Kutalikirana kwa katundu zofunika kwa kusanthula zina;
• watanthauzo - kusankha makhalidwe othandiza.

mfundo zogwirizana

Concretization ndi abstraction - mawu, nkhani imene kuli kovuta apatukane. Zikhulupiriro Awa osiyanitsidwa ndi mzake. Kusinthana dera la msinkhu wotsatira wa abstraction m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira malangizo kutsimikiza kusankha woti wa akonzedwa pachiyambi. Izi zimathandiza kuti asataye kugwirizana ndi zinachitika pa.