Baklanov Yakov Petrovich Cossack Ataman: yonena

Mu mbiri ya gulu Russian a Crimea nkhondo, komanso ndawala yokha, zatenga malo apadera. Tsamba ili linalembedwa ndi magazi a masauzande a asilikali ndipo ndi kofunika kwambiri chifukwa onse a ku Russia. Mmodzi wa ngwazi za nkhondo Turkey kwa Crimea anali General Baklanov. Cholowa Cossack, opandamantha wankhondo, namondwe wa adani ndipo nthawi yomweyo nthumwi anzeru, iye anasiya chizindikiro kwambiri mbiri ya dziko lakwawo, moyo wake kuteteza zofuna zake osati Crimea, komanso m'madera ena. Wambiri Baklanov kuti ankaphunzira. Makamaka anthu amene amadziona dziko lawo Russian.

Pokwiya okhala Don Suvorov, Chechnya Mvula ya Mkuntho - dzina lakuti udachita ngwazi za Caucasus nkhondo Baklanov. "Ngati mukuopa wa Allah komanso Baklanov, izo zikanakhala kalekale kukhala anthu oyera," - amuna ake Highland asilikali mkulu, Imam Shamil.

Childhood ndi unyamata ngwazi

Kuban anapereka dziko otchuka ambiri. Pa malo ake chonde m'mudzi Gugninskoy, ndipo anabadwa pa chakhumi ndi chisanu March 1809 Baklanov Yakov Petrovich. bambo ake anali Peter D. mphalasa ya Don Cossacks, ndi mayi wake Ustinja (nee Malakhov) - chakale Cossack. Baklanov Sr. ankasiyana amphamvu kukula kwa thupi ndi mosaopa m'mutu. Pa ntchito yake yausilikali, ankalandira mbiri wankhondo oopsa amene amalemekezedwa comrades ndi mdani anali mantha.

Pakati pa nkhondo ya Peter D. wachita maphunziro a mwana wake, kuyesera kukula mwa izo Cossack izi. Kwa zaka zitatu ndi mnyamata anakwera kavalo pabwalo wake, ndi asanu - prancing msewu. Pamene Yakobo anali eyiti, bambo ake anapita naye kwa mlowammalo kuti Bessarabia, kumene Regiment wake latsala. Choncho anayamba msasa moyo wa ngwazi tsogolo la Russian Ufumu.

Ndipo ngakhale mnyamata kuphunzira kuwerenga ndi kulemba kokha pang'ono Cossack asilikali sanali mphunzitsi koipa. maso Baklanov Jr. mwamuna, mwamsanga katswiri masewera a karati ndipo posachedwapa kumudzi kwawo panalibe wankhondo kuposa iye.

Pa zaka khumi ndi zisanu anayamba kutumikira wapolisi, ndi seventini wokwatiwa (mwana mbadwa wansembe m'mudzi). Pa naintini, analandira udindo wa mphalasa mu Regiment, anauza bambo ake, iye anapita ku nkhondo yake yoyamba.

Yakov Baklanov anali nawo kusintha mwa Balkans ndi ankawoloka mtsinje Kamchik, pamodzi ndi comrades wake anatenga Burgas ndi zinthu zina pamalo abwino zofunika la msonkhano Chirasha Turkey. Kuyambira pachiyambi, anasonyeza kuti molimba mtima ndiponso wolimba wankhondo. kusasamala wake anadabwa ngakhale bambo ake, omwe wagwiritsa bludgeoned kwambiri achangu wolowa kukwapula kumbuyo ndipo analimbikira kuti mwana wake zinthu mwanzeru kwambiri, pamene nkhondo.

Koma akuluakulu a asilikali pafupifupi kwa ungwazi wa msilikali wamng'ono ulemu, ndipo pa mapeto a nkhondo anali kupereka dongosolo la St. Anne ndi digiri wachitatu ndi wachinayi.

Yambani utumiki mu Caucasus

A pang'ono mpumulo ku nkhondo, achinyamata Baklanov anabwerera ku utumiki, wodzala ndi kufuna kupitiriza kulemekeza ungwazi ya Don Cossacks. Kwa kanthawi, Yakov Petrovich kulondera Russian malire pa Prut, ndipo mu 1834 anali anabwerera Kuban mu adipose Regiment, lomwe ntchitoyi anazindikira maulendo oyamba ng'ombezi lapansi.

Wolimba Cossacks anadzasokoneza midzi Trans-Kuban ili pa magombe a mitsinje Psefir Mtsinje, White, Laba ndi Camlik. Nthawi ina Maulendo awa Baklanov anali kwambiri anavulazidwa mutu, ndi pa zina kwakukuru iye anatuluka vuto zopanda chiyembekezo kuwononga mdani kwenikweni manja. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti ng'ombezi kanayi kuposa chiwerengero cha detachment wa Cossacks.

mofulumira kwambiri, kuchokera omenyana achinyamata ndi otentha Baklanov Yakov Petrovich inasanduka wodziwa zambiri, mochenjera ndi waluso nkhondowo kapitawo. kutchuka Kwake anakula, ndi zochuluka pa nthawi imeneyi, iye anapatsidwa Order wa St. Vladimir wa pamlingo wachinayi.

Polish mthunzi

Mu 1837, Baklanov anapanga akapitawo, ndipo patapita zaka zinayi Don Cossack Regiment nambala 36, zimene zinaphatikizapo pa nthawi imeneyo anakhala Yakov Petrovich, anatumizidwa Poland - kutchinga kumalire ndi Prussia.

zaka anakhala mu West, sanali amasiyana zikayenda lalikulu lankhondo, koma anachita mbali zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa Baklanov. Ngakhale mu Poland, ndi onse m'tsogolo chinkhoswe mu maphunziro awo, umene kale analibe nthawi kapena mphamvu. Iye anawerenga mabuku, familiarized yekha ndi zikumbutso za chikhalidwe European, anaphunzira mbiri za nkhondo ndi zina zotero. D.

Polish nthawi angatchedwe mtundu wa mthunzi chikhalidwe, kupuma pang'ono patsogolo nkhondo yaikulu.

yamabingu ng'ombezi

Nditabwerera ku ulendo Western, Baklanov Yakov Petrovich analimbikitsidwa ndi anga ndipo anali nazo ya Don Cossack Regiment chiwerengero makumi awiri, amene umayang'anira Kura kutonthozedwa.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba wanzeru kwambiri nthawi mu moyo wa Cossack cholowa. ntchito yake mofulumira anavula, ndipo dzina la chisokonezo mu Caucasus ndi akutali malire ake.

Baklanov mu Regiment anatumizidwa poyamba analamulira chisokonezo ndi vacillation. Kulangidwa palibe Cossacks ankavala zovala ovutika, ankachita kumwa, kusewera ndi makadi, ndipo sanali amasiyana changu cha utumiki.

mofulumira kwambiri kapitawo watsopano anasintha zinthu kopambana. Iye analetsa mowa ndi kumvetsa mapangidwe asilikali, kukonza makalasi wapadera wa pomenya nkhondo ndi njira.

Cossack Ataman anadzionetsa mtsogoleri wanzeru, ndi lamulo lake nambala Regiment 20, anachita polowa ndi ambiri amunamuna. Pafupifupi onse malipiro ake Baklanov ntchito pa mopereka chiphuphu azondi mu msasa wa adani, amene mwamsanga atamuuza zolinga za mdani, ndi chifukwa cha Cossacks nthawi zonse "pa kavalo."

Masiku amenewo, Don Army anagwiritsidwa kulimbana ndi mapiri, anapanga forays zonse m'mudzi Russian. Mkubwela kwa Yakov mdani ku pomenyana malo anasamukira ku chitetezo, chifukwa tsopano Cossacks anatentha midzi Chechens anaba anthu ndi ziweto chidatengedwa chuma chamtengo wapatali ndi katundu.

Dzina Baklanov ng'ombezi mawuwa kunong'ona, unali Russian mdierekezi. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti munthu uyu amathandiza chinthu chodetsedwa, ndipo mantha akhagopa iye. A mapazi asanu ndi limodzi, yotakata-akugwa Cossack ndi pock-amalembedwa nkhope, Kasungu masharubu ndi nsidze wandiweyani amasangalala kuthandiza fano ofala. Kamodzi iye modzidzimutsa, iye analumphira pa nkhondo ankavala pa anabala khungu chofunda ndi lupanga paphewa lake. Nthawi zina mwadzidzidzi kutsogolo kwa mdani, pamene iye ankaganiza kuti Baklanov amafa pambuyo kwambiri ndiwobvulazidwa.

milandu ndi ofanana yekha analimbitsa mbiri ya wankhondo losagonjetseka. Ndipo ngakhale knotweed chachikulu - Shamil yoopsa - ndi kulemekeza Cossack Ataman. Komabe, atumiki ake nkhanza chifukwa iwo ali naye mantha kwambiri.

Mu nthawi ya utumiki mu Caucasus kuchokera 1846 mpaka 1863 Baklanov Yakov Petrovich ananyamuka ku Mulingo wa mkulu General ndipo analandira mphoto ambiri, kuphatikizapo Order a George mlingo lachinayi Order ya Vladimir wa digirii wachitatu, ndi ena.

Pamene Regiment 20 unatha, Prince Vorontsov apeza Yakov Petrovich anakhalabe mu zigawo, ndipo anali kutaya Regiment wina - nambala 17. ambiri anakhulupirira ndiye Baklanov singasiyanitsidwe kapitawo. Ndipotu iye anali wokhoza ukasintha kusintha muyezo wa mphamvu pakati pa Russian mapiri mokomera anthu a m'dziko lake.

zaka makumi awiri za utumiki wapadera

Chakhumi April 1853 pa mtima asonyeza pa nkhondo ya udindo mdani pafupi ndi mudzi Gurdal, Baklanov anali kupereka dongosolo la St. Stanislaus digiri 1-St. Khumi March chaka chomwecho anaikidwa ku likulu la Caucasus Corps malo mkulu wa asilikali okwera pamahatchi ya phiko kumanzere. likulu inali mu linga la Grozny (tsopano mzinda wa Grozny).

Cinai June 1854 mtima pa, kulimbamtima ndi kusiyana yasonyezedwa pa kugonjetsedwa a magulu a phiri pakati pa linga la Grozny ndi Urus-Martan, Baklanov ananena lachifumu kuyamikira. Twente-lachiwiri la August chaka chomwecho anali kupereka ndi aulemu kanali kwachiyero utumiki kwa zaka makumi awiri.

Fateful chithumwa kapena Baklanovsky chizindikirochi

Kutchuka kwa ungwazi wa mkulu lodziwika bwino unafalikira kunja Caucasus. Baklanov ankakondedwa komanso kulemekezedwa mu Russian Ufumu. dzina lake amagwirizana ndi ambiri Don Cossacks a nthawi imeneyo.

Ndipo kamodzi Ataman anaperekedwa phukusi kuchokera admirer osadziwika. Pa kutsegula izo, Yakov Petrovich anapeza m'kati wakuda chizindikiro cha silika ndi nsalu mu mutu woyera Adamu (chigaza ndi crossbones) ndi mawu akuti "Ndimayang'ana kuuka kwa akufa ndi moyo wa dziko. Amen. "

Baklanov chabe chibwenzi ndi mphatso imeneyi ndi sanamusiye mpaka imfa yake. Mowoneka chizindikiro anakhala mascot ake. Zinabweretsa lidzadabwitsa ngakhale pakati Cossacks, ndipo mapiri yekha ndi wakuda mbendera m'mwamba pamwamba chimphona chithunzi cha wokwera basi mantha. Iwo anali otsimikiza kuti imfa ili lokha iri yofulumira kwa iwo, kotero zotayana mu njira zonse. Ndiyeno iwo ana awo za chimphona zoopsa anatumizidwa padziko lapansi Shaitan.

Chifanizo cha mkulu Russian asilikali akadali lili nthano ndi nkhani ya Chechens. Iye limodzi ndi nyimbo Kazakov Dona.

Kumenya Dzhanemom

Mwa adani nthawi panali anthu amene ananena kuti adzawononga Russian mdierekezi. Iwo monyadira kuti mutu wa Cossack asilikali ngwazi kugwa m'manja awo amphamvu. Mmodzi wa iwo anali wolimba ya kumapiri chowombelera dzina lake Gianna. Anamuopseza kuti aphe Baklanov, pamene idzagwira yodula clearings.

m'gululi akhala kuuzidwa Yakov Petrovich pa maganizo awa, ndipo anatenga zochita zosayembekezereka - kuonekera mu malo kaye kwa mdani kuyesa mwayi awo.

Jakisoni woyamba Dzhanema zapita. Chipolopolo chachiwiri anamulasa m'mphepete Cossack nkhosa. Ndiye chowombelera sanataye mitsempha wake, ndipo iye ankatsamira anabisala malo ake. Baklanov anayankha pomwepo ndi kupha mdani pa malopo kuwombera ku ukwati. Chipolopolo kugunda bwino mu mphumi. Pambuyo nkhani imeneyi, ngakhale okayikira lalikulu amakhulupirira matsenga amathabe. Ng'ombezi anali otsimikiza kuti Satana kutetezedwa izi chiwanda Russian mu thupi.

Crimea nkhondo

Monga amadziwika, mu 1853 ndi kuphulika kunayambika nkhondo Chirasha Turkey. Ndipo kuyambira 1855, gulu la Crimea nkhondo akhoza kuganizira pafupi naye pa nkhondo ya lodziwika bwino General Baklanov, amene kanthawi m'ng'anjo gawo yotentha ya Russian Ufumu. Pali anaikidwa mkulu wa asilikali okwera pamahatchi zonse kuti kulondera walandidwa ku linga Turkey ndipo anathandiza kutenga atsopano.

Crimea Cossack Ataman Regiment Baklanov anali wotchuka kupambana nkhondo, ndipo iye anali odziwika bwino kwa mdani, amene adamuwopa ndipo amatchedwa "bataman-Klich" (wankhondo ndi lupanga mapaundi makumi awiri).

Pa nkhondo Chirasha Turkey Yakov Petrovich anali kwambiri anavulazidwa mutu, koma anakhalabe mu zigawo. Pakuti Inagwira usilikali kupereka dongosolo la St. Anne a mlingo woyamba.

Kumapeto kwa 1855, Baklanov kusiya Crimea ndi choviikidwa mu moyo wamba, iye anakakhala Novocherkassk. Koma ena sizinakhalitse. Kale mu 1857, iyo kachiwiri anatumiza kwa Caucasus.

Service ku Vilnius

nthawi ina yofunika pa moyo wa Yakov Petrovich Baklanov unali udindo wake ku Vilnius, kumene iye anali kuyang'anira Don Cossack regiments kuchokera 1863 mpaka 1867.

Wolimba ankhondo kum'mwera anatumizidwa apa kuti aphwanye kupanduka kumene kunachitika mu Poland, ndi kasamalidwe anapeza kuti odziwa ambiri akhoza kubweretsa vuto limeneli, madalitso ambiri. Komabe, Baklanov sanali kuchita nawo ntchito ya usilikali, ndipo anathandiza Werengerani Muraviev mu kupondereza kupanduka m'njira zina.

Yotsirizira anali ndi makhalidwe oipa kwambiri pakati am'deralo, ndipo pamene iye anaonekera ziwiri mita othandizira Cossack, anthu Akunjenjemera ndi mantha weniweni. Baklanov zimachitika nyama nkhanza ndi mtima lakuthwa. Koma posakhalitsa maganizo a iye wasintha kwambiri.

Nyerere akuyang'anira wachiwiri wake kuti kusamalira Augustow m'chigawo wodzala nkhalango magulu a achiwawa akuwotcha. masabata awiri pambuyo kubera Baklanov, m'chigawo wakhala chitsanzo cha mtendere ndi kumvera. Pofuna kukwaniritsa chifukwa ngati anali wokhoza Yakov Petrovich bwino kaphatikizidwe loya nkhondo miyeso utsogoleri. m'deralo anayamba kuchitira ndi kum'patsa ulemu waukulu.

General Baklanov panokha anabwera m'dera zopatsidwa kwa iye ndi atataya mazana a mafunso anthu a m'deralo kuyesera kuphunzira maganizo a anthu. Iye anayesetsa kukumana aliyense amene angafune kukhala moyo wa mtendere ndi wodekha. Nthawi zambiri, iye analola kuti asamvere Muraveva Anatengako katundu opandukawo, ngakhale "bwana" anaumirira pa katundu kuvomerezedwa. Cormorants Komabe, ankaganiza kuti njira yokhayo kuti tisiye m'derali ndipo mkangano adzakhala zinayambira kwambiri. Iye anafuna kuthetsa mbiri za ferocity Russian, ndipo zinatheka.

Ataphunzira kuti Yakov Petrovich amathandiza olandira zazing'ono kusunga munda ku Siberia makolo Nyerere chinakwiya, koma m'kupita analandira udindo Baklanov.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Ngakhale pa ulendo wake Chilituyaniya Yakov Petrovich Baklanov mwakayakaya - anapambana chiwindi. Mu 1864, iye anapita kwawo kuti thanzi lawo, ndiyeno Vilna. M'chaka cha chaka chomwecho Novocherkassk Ataman anatentha katundu wao yense ndi ndalama, Inde, njira yabwino bwanji umoyo wa Cossack okalamba.

Mu 1867, ndi ngwazi ya Caucasus nkhondo, ndi yokopa ena ncthito anabwerera Don, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, komwe anakhala zaka wake wotsiriza.

Baklanov anatsogolera chete, inconspicuous moyo pambuyo pa imfa ya ndalama basi kuti apeze zofunika pabanja. Za nkhondo salinso ndinalota, monga Ine ndikukumbukira zapitazi, ntchito pa Maulendo Ake "Moyo wanga ankhondo."

matenda si kwawo, ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu October 1873 Yakov anali atapita. Iye anaikidwa mu manda a Novodevichy Akatolika. Don Army ndalama zolipirira mwambowo.

Kukumbukira ngwazi za

zaka zisanu pambuyo pa imfa ya ngwazi, ku manda ake pa zopereka anamangidwira chipilala, amene ndiye mwala ataponyedwa chofunda chake ndi chipewa mapeyala. Ndipo kuchokera pansi zipewa mukhoza kuona lodziwika bwino Baklanovsky mafano.

Mu 1911, "kunyumba," ambiri. mtembo wake anali kuwapititsa ku dziko lakwawo ndi reburied mu Novocherkassk. Pafupi Baklanov, mu crypt wa Cathedral wa Ascension, mpumulo ndi ngwazi zina Russian - Platov, Orlov-Denisov, Efremov ...

Kukumbukira wankhondo mantha, ambiri anzeru amene ali okonda dziko lawo lalikulu la dziko lawo ndi mtundu mtima munthu ndi kumbuyo kunja moyo lero. Ku mibadwomibadwo nyimbo za Cossacks, imene pali fano la mtsogoleri wolimba ndi lodziwika bwino "Baklanovsky nkhonya" wake, amene lupanga kudula kudzera theka la wokwera ndi kavalo. Dzina la onse Russian amatchulidwa nthano anthu a Caucasus.

Polemekeza Baklanov mu 1909 iye anatcha 17 Don Cossack Regiment. Komanso, dzina lake tsopano, kumudzi kumene Yakov Petrovich anabadwa. Ndi okhala Novocherkassk analandira okumbukira ngwazi Baklanovsky Avenue (poyamba ankadziwika monga Utatu) ndi zipilala angapo. Ndi chipilala kuti Ataman ukuyimira lero mu Volgodonsk.

Moyo imeneyi mu mwala, Yakov Baklanov awoneka mofanana monga mwa moyo - chankhanza, wamphamvu, waukali. Kungoona mkulu mu nthawi yake udapangitsa mantha pakati pa adani. Koma anzake ndiponso banja tikudziwa kuti amphamvu, angaloŵe chipolopolo zobisika mtima womvera ndi moyo osatetezeka.

Hero Don Baklanov - chitsanzo cha wankhondo woona, amene akupita kunkhondo, osati chifukwa amafuna magazi ndi zikuwonjezereka masiku ano, koma chifukwa chakuti amakonda kwawo ndi wokonzeka kumenyera nkhondo mpaka mpweya wanga wotsiriza. Umunthu wolimba Cossack siyenera ndi ana ndipo tiyenera kukhala chitsanzo chabwino kwa achinyamata.