Black chimbalangondo: kufotokoza, malo okhala ndi zakudya

Popeza nthawi makedzana, munthu anapatsa ena zinyama wapadera aura chinsinsi. Ena mwa iwo ndi wakuda chimbalangondo, ndi mtundu amakezana. Mbiri yawo amabwerera zaka zoposa wani miliyoni.

maonekedwe

chimbalangondo ichi ali maina osiyanasiyana - Asian, wakuda, Chitibeta, ndipo imadziwika Himalaya. kukula kwa thupi lake si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera mamembala ena a ku banja chimbalangondo. Koma kuzionetsetsa pafupi, mungathe kuwona mbali wapadera mitundu.

Mu kukula wakuda chimbalangondo bulauni kwambiri wolephera achibale awo. amuna achikulire kufika kutalika osapitirira 170 masentimita ndi thupi lawo zimasiyanasiyana makilogalamu 110 mpaka 150. Kumanga mosavuta, kotero zimbalangondo zambiri m'manja ndi agile. Large makutu anamaliza ili ndi mutu ochepa, kupereka nyama maonekedwe chosiyana. Chonyezimira ndipo silky ubweya wokongola wakuda yofiira utomoni kupanga mtundu wa kolala nape. White chizindikiro pa chifuwa mu mawonekedwe a kachigawo ndi - wapadera chosiyana chizindikiro mwa chimbalangondo, chifukwa umene nalo dzina lake. Moyo amayembekezeka pafupifupi ndi zosakwana zaka 14. Nyama izi chikuzika, umene alenje kwambiri chidwi. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwa zifukwa zimene lero wakuda chimbalangondo zalembedwa mu Red Book of Russia.

Zimapezekanso

Muthu wakuda chimbalangondo anthu m'mapiri a Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan kuti Japan ndi Korea. Mu Russia, amene amakhala makamaka mu Primorsky ndi Khabarovsk Gawo. Amagwiritsidwanso opezeka kumpoto kwa Vietnam ndi chilumba cha Taiwan.

chimbalangondo ichi wakonda moyo m'nkhalango ya paini ndi nkhalango thundu wa wobala zipatso, komwe akumana Manchurian mtedza, linden, Mongolian thundu. Pewani spruce-Oil nayonso, nkhalango birch ndi chitsamba. Childs, wakuda chimbalangondo padziko zone nkhalango ili pamodzi zigwa mtsinje, phiri otsetsereka, kutalika zomwe si upambana mamita 700-800. Ngati malo chogwidwa ndi nkhalango deciduous. Ku HimalayasI, angapezeke m'chilimwe ndi pa okwera 4 Km, m'nyengo yozizira iwo umabala pansi zambiri mu m'tsinde lapansi. Anasankha malo kwa wakuda chimbalangondo kusiya malo pokha pokha pamene pali mavuto ndi chakudya.

njira ya moyo

Kwambiri ya moyo wake ndi nyama limagwiritsa ntchito pa mitengo, pofika chakudya kuthawa kwa adani.

Choncho Whitechest (Himalaya) akuikira mitengo kwambiri akutsikira, kulipangitsa kukhala see chachikulu ukalamba. Nthawi a mbadwa, ngakhale ndi mtengo wamtali kwambiri akutenga zosakwana masekondi 3.

Phanga iyenso limakonza mu mtengo, kusankha kwa dzenje chachikulu ichi kwambiri pa kutalika kwa osachepera asanu ndi atatu mamita, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wakale pamodzi ndi pachimake kanthu (popula, basswood ndi mkungudza). Iwo gnaws mtengo chofunika ndipo umakula dzenje kukula kwa mlengalenga mkati mtengo. khola ili aliyense chimbalangondo umodzi ayi. Mu chochitika zoopsa zonse dongosolo lolowera m'malo zikavuta, kumene sakuona. Mu hibernating wakuda chimbalangondo tikatha za 5 miyezi - kuchokera November kuti March, nthawi zina kusiya phanga lawo mpaka April.

Nyama zimenezi zambiri Panokha. Koma izo zimachitika kuti m'madera ambiri chakudya, anthu ochepa akhoza kubwera pamodzi. Pankhaniyi utsogoleri wolowezana ndi mosamalitsa anaona, kutenga nkhani msinkhu ndi kulemera kwa mwamuna. Izi zimaonekera makamaka ndi isanayambike kuswana nyengo.

Ubale ndi aliyense Kunakhala ena pogwilitsa diso kukhudzana, kaimidwe kusonyeza mthupi mwawo. Ngati nyama akukhala kapena wogona - ndi kaimidwe kugonjera. Chinthu chomwecho chikuchitika chammbuyo. Chimbalangondo lalikulu tikupita kwa mdani wakeyo.

Derali lili kunyumba wakuda chimbalangondo okha zolembera mkodzo kuti amuna yang'anirani malire chuma chawo. Komanso, opaka misana yawo pa makungwa a mitengo, anawasiya kuti fungo awo.

chakudya

The zakudya nyama ndi zomera makamaka zakudya, kotero kasupe iwo - nthawi yovuta kwambiri. Pamaso kuwonekera kuchuluka zamasamba zomera, masamba ndi mu chakudya, ndi zotsala za zipatso zokwana chaka chatha ndi mtedza, mizu ndi mababu kuti ndi kukumba kuchokera mu nthaka.

M'chilimwe oyambirira, pamene woyamba wakuda chimbalangondo udzu pansi mu chigwa, kudya achinyamata mphukira Angelica sedges ndi hogweed. Musati muphonye komanso mwayi kudya mazira ndi anapiye. Akakhwima rasipiberi, currant, chitumbuwa, mtedza paini, iwo ndi chakudya chachikulu zimbalangondo lapansi. Ngakhale nyama yakale kwambiri mosavuta kukwera mitengo kukafunafuna chakudya. Pa nthawi yomweyo zimapangitsa izo chidwi kwambiri. Oblomov ndipo anatola ndi sprig ndi zipatso, chimbalangondo amazembera izo pansi pa iye, kotero patapita kanthawi pansi pake anapanga chinachake monga chisa. , Iye akhoza kukhala nthawi yayitali, kudya ndi kumasuka.

Monga asuweni bulauni, wakuda chimbalangondo - uchi okonda chachikulu. Iye ali wokonzeka kukwera kwa kutalika aliyense, ngakhale kudziluma khoma zothinanitsa nkhuni, pamene njuchi zakutchire kuthetsedwa.

M'chaka zabwino kudzikundikira nkhokwe mafuta kubala kokha mtedza zokwanira ndi zipatso zokwana. masabata asanu kudyetsa kulemera kwa wabwino nkhokwe mafuta wamkulu kawirikawiri mpaka 30% ya kulemera kwa thupi.

Wofalitsa ndi kupanga mbewu

Kugonana okhwima zaka zimbalangondo kufika zaka 3-4. Mating nyengo kumatenga ziri kuchokera June kuti August, anadutsa m'malo mwakachetechete. Patapita miyezi 7, m'nyengo yozizira, akazi anabadwa amangoona 1 kapena 2 ndi akhungu pafupifupi wamaliseche Bakuman. kulemera kwawo musalumphe masabata 800 sikisi ana okutidwa ndi woyamba imvi fuzz, umene posachedwapa agonjera ku tsitsi lakuda. Iwo kale bwino muwona ndi kumva, zikhoza kuyenda padziko m'dzenje.

Mkubwela kwa masika, pamene anapereka okhazikika zabwino kutentha zimbalangondo ndi mayi wake kusiya khola. Ndi nthawi iyi kulemera chinawonjezeka ndi nthawi 5. Iwo kudyetsa mkaka makamaka chifuwa, koma mkubwela kwa udzu wobiriwira ikuyenda pa msipu, zimene zili zambiri makamaka zigwa mtsinje. Back ndi pansi ndi mayi wake wamng'ono wakuda chimbalangondo, kumene kuli mpaka m'dzinja.

Lotsatira yozizira iwo yongocheza mu khola, ndi nyundo kale kuyamba ufulu.

kuchepetsa zinthu

alowererepo anthu ndi poaching amavutitsa kwambiri anthu zimbalangondo. anthu Local kawirikawiri mogwirizana ndi malamulo okhudza kusaka, kuwombera nyama pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka, nthawi zambiri pambuyo zofunda iwo mu hibernation, ngakhale kuti chimbalangondo akuda mu Red Book of Russia.

Chinanso achititsa kuti kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha nyama zimenezi, nsomba kudula mitengo, moto. Alenje kusaka nyama zambiri kudula kudzera tizibowo mitengo dzenje, ndiyeno iwo kukhala osayenera zimbalangondo. Zonsezi zimaphwanya nyama otetezeka chifukwa hibernation. Zimachitika kuti akakamizidwa m'nyengo yozizira pansi.

Kupanda malo achitetezo amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka zimbalangondo imfa zilombo zolusa. Iwo akhoza kuukira nyalugwe, zofiirira chimbalangondo, ndi achinyamata nthawi zambiri akuvutika chifukwa cha nkhandwe ndi amphaka.

miyeso kuteteza

Pambuyo chimbalangondo wakuda lili m'gulu pangozi, kusaka kwathunthu choletsedwa. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa kusamala malo chifungulo cha mitundu, ndi ziyang'aniridwe pa kuthetsedwa kwa chiwonongeko cha makola ake. Kusunga anthu Himalaya akuchita anawalozera ndipo anatsindika nkhondo ndi nkhandwe. Pofuna kubwezeretsa chiwerengero cha nyama zimenezi opatulika zinyama ndi nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndi zinthu zabwino zosiyanasiyana iwo. Njuchi, amene nthawi zambiri ankabwera ndi zimbalangondo, zida ndi zipangizo wapadera cholepheretsa.

Himalaya chimbalangondo ndi munthu

Izi nimble, ngakhale chikuoneka ungainly, ndi nzeru kale anakopeka nyama anthu. Pa wapangidwa ndi nkhani zambiri ndi nthano. Luso wakuda chimbalangondo n'zosavuta kuti azolowere ukapolo, kunadzetsa chakuti anthu ena a mitundu akhala oona maseŵeralo asangalatsi. Iwo ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi zidule trainable.

Permanent wokhala zinyama, kuchititsa kwambiri kwa omvera chifundo, wakuda chimbalangondo. Red buku, amene anapanga nyama zimenezi, kuwachitira kuti gulu la anthu ofooka, ndi kulolerana mu Zakumapeto 1 yatchula ndikoletsedwa kayendedwe ka zimbalangondo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Komabe muli Himalaya zimbalangondo kovuta mu ukapolo. Kuti abwerere iwo wawo dziko lakwawo, mu Primorsky Krai Kukonza Center analengedwa, kumene nyama amaphunzitsidwa kukhala kuthengo.