Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, mbiri Soviet: yochepa mbiri, ntchito yaikulu

Wolemba mbiri Boris Dmitrievich Grekov ndi ena ofufuza wotchuka Soviet. Phindu la ntchito yake imakhala chakuti iye anawuka ndipo anayamba ambiri amene adalipo iye afufuza pang'ono. Iye akutchedwa chilengedwe cha njira zatsopano mu Kupenda zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'mbiri yakale. Iye akufalitsidwa mapepala 300 sayansi, iye anali mphunzitsi waluso, kuyang'anira madipatimenti a anayambitsa. Osiyanasiyana zofuna zake zinali lonse kwambiri: anaphunzira andale, komanso umoyo ndi zachuma chikhalidwe nkhani ya nthawi zakale, akale ndi amakono.

kukhala wazambiriyakale

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov anabadwa mu chigawo cha Poltava, mu banja la mtumiki aboma mu 1882. Iye analandira wake maphunziro kusukulu ya sekondale mu mzinda, amene panopa lili m'dera la Poland. Mu 1901 analowa University of Warsaw, kumene anaphunzitsidwa pansi wotchuka mbiri Petrushevskii, ndi kuwapempha kuti Patapita zaka zingapo anasamutsa kuphunzira mu Moscow. Kumeneko iye anakhala mtsogoleri wa kafukufuku otchuka Lyubavsky.

Kenako, iye anapita kupitiliza maphunziro ake ku likulu la ufumuwo, kumene sukulu maphunziro. Mu zaka 1913-1915 anali kugwira anaphunzira yachokera kumene kumakhala Amonke cha kumpoto kwa dzikoli, omwe kenako anatsimikiza kuganizira za zigawo mpingo.

Ntchito yoyamba

mabuku wake woyamba asonyeza kuti dera lalikulu la zinthu zake zinali mbiri zokhudza Amaya. Mu nkhani ake oyambirira Boris Dmitrievich Grekov anaphunzira malo a Novgorod opanda minda. Mlembi akufotokozera kuganiza kuti gulu la anthu a osawuka gulu nepashennyh omwe anali ndi luso ndi malonda. Choncho, anapanga imodzi mwa nkhani zofunika kwambiri mu historiography kuli luso mu Russia wakale ndi akale. Ntchito izi wamng'ono anali kukonzekera siteji pamaso kulemba nkhani yolembedwa wake. Mu 1914 kumbuyo ntchito ya sayansi pa nkhaniyi.

phunziro lake Boris Dmitrievich Grekov analemba pa maziko a Novgorod kunyumba ya St. Sophia. Iye analipira mwapadera amadalira magulu a anthu amene anagwira ntchito m'mayiko amenewa. Iwo afufuza ndi kusanthula ndi magulu a kuthupi ambiri, kuyambira tiuns ndi clerks ndi kutha tidaipanga mwachindunji.

ntchito yophunzitsa

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov tcheru kwambiri ndi chiphunzitso cha mbiri. Iye wagwira ntchito Perm State University, ndipo umasamutsidwa ku Tauride University National dzina la VI Vernadsky. Kenako wasayansi anasamukira ku likulu, kumene ophatikizana kuphunzitsa ntchito mwakhama Archive, ndi sukulu. Mu 1930, iye anamangidwa pa milandu yabodza mogwirizana Wrangel. The chochitika yamasika kungasokoneze wasayansi ntchito m'tsogolo, chifukwa iye ankafuna kupewa kuukira kulimbikitsa anthu White kayendedwe, anakakamizika kulemba kafukufuku anatumidwa ndi chipani. Ndipotu, mbiri anali kumenyana basi pamene anali kumwera kwa Tavria University National dzina la VI Vernadsky, analandira kufika kwa onse woyera. Koma chifukwa thandizo la Director wa Institute archaeographic wasayansi linatulutsidwa.

Studies ya Kievan Yairo

Mu 1930s, iye anayamba mwakhama kufufuza mbiri yakale. Lisanaperekedwe, mu historiography za kukonda mu kuphunzira chiyambi cha boma anali pa kusanthula za m'masiku a ntchito za Scandinavia. Ntchito bwino, izo zikanakhala mwanjira bwanji funso la zinthu zokhudza Asilavo wakale zisanachitike, panali kwenikweni. Grekov Boris Dmitrievich, chakudya chachikulu chimene ali kwenikweni mbiri mfundo isiyana ndi chiphunzitso cha asayansi chisanadze chosintha, akufuna kutanthauzira atsopano a magwero a boma.

Iye anafotokoza mfundo za osati kuitana Scandinavia, ndi zinthu zokhudza wakale kum'mawa Asilavo, kutsimikizira kuti iwo ali ku dongosolo wosazindikira anapita mwamsanga feudalism, anyalanyaza siteji kapolo. Zinali yachilendo mu historiography, chifukwa iye ochepa kwambiri apanga mfundo imeneyi.

Kuphunzira mbiri ya Asilavo

Soviet mbiri Hrushevsky komanso refutes chiphunzitso cha sayansi kuti zotsatira za Kievan Yairo malire ndi Ukraine. Agiriki anasonyeza momveka kuti nthawi imeneyi m'mbiri yakale chinadzakhala maziko a nthambi zitatu za Asilavo: Eastern, Western, Southern.

Iye ananena kuti anali cholowa chuma ndi enieni nthawi malangizo a akale Russia. Wakuti Institute of Asilavo Studies, wasayansi, ndithudi, ine tcheru kwambiri mbiri oyambirira. Iye anali nawo osati kum'mawa komanso kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera Asilavo. anathandiza kwambiri pamaphunziro a malamulo a magulu awiri masika.

Ntchito ya Amaya

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, kanthawi yonena kuti ndi nkhani ya takambiranazi, mfundo yake yaikulu ankaona kuphunzira zinthu za magulu yozungulira. Iye anayamba ndi zimene analemba nkhani essays pa Novgorod Bobylev, wodalira anthu fiefdoms.

Koma chofunika kwambiri monograph wake akuti ndi buku wamba mu Russia kwa nthawi zakale za m'ma 17. Mu izo, iye anali zoti chiyambi oyambirira feudalism mu dziko lathu, ndi tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane vuto la zikamera wa serfdom.

Kuphunzira mbiri ndale ndi historiography

Nkhani yaikulu ya kafukufuku anali Grekov mbiri umoyo ndi zachuma. Komabe, iye tcheru kuphunzira maukulu Russian ndi ndondomeko ya atsogoleri awo. Mogwirizana ndi asayansi Jakubowski iye analemba monograph pa Golden gulu ndi ubale ndi mayiko ake Russian. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri historiography pankhaniyi. Olemba anafufuza zimayambitsa, zochitika ndi zikhalidwe za kuchepa kwa Golden gulu mphamvu Russia. Komanso, Agiriki analemba essays angapo pa mbiri ya ganizo ndale. Kotero, ali ndi ntchito pa kusanthula mfundo za sayansi ndi maganizo Chichewa 'pa moyo mafuko, mfundo Lenin a.

Iye analembanso essays angapo pa makhalidwe a zithunzi zakale za olemba zoweta m'ma 18-19th. Grekov cholowa ioneka ndi chidwi pa chitukuko cha historiography. Ngakhale ambiri a madalitso ake (makamaka chiphunzitso wake wa feudalism oyambirira amapezeka) tsopano ndikusinthidwa, chopereka Koma mlembi kuti chitukuko cha sayansi mbiri mosakayika. Koma pali vuto njira zatsopano mavuto akale, njira zake ndi chidwi zochitika ndi zachuma. Tisaiwale za zimene anachita mu munda wa magwero. A wophunzira wanzeru, iye akupatsa maudindo ambiri otchuka; kotero anali kupita Institute of Asilavo Studies. Iye anafa mbiri wotchuka mu 1953.