Mbiri ya uchi: mfundo chidwi ndi kutchula koyamba za uchi

Mbiri ya uchi - ndi nkhani zodabwitsa za kugwirizana pakati pa anthu ndi njuchi. Yaitali bwanji inali njira kuchokera goodies woyamba anasonkhana kwa kuŵeta wa timadzi tokoma. Ndipo mmene amafunika kuchita khama kuti apange kuti tizilombo zakutchire potsiriza anali kupanga ubwenzi ndi ife.

Kutchula koyamba za uchi

Masiku ano, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti munthu woyamba unayamba kusaka kwa ming'oma ya njuchi zakutchire mu M'badwo Stone. Luso limeneli wadutsa kuti izo kwa makolo - ndi anyani kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale lero ife tingathe kuona mmene nyani wathu achibale kuba wokoma azichitira tizilombo izi.

Pankhani mfundo osatsutsika, m'phanga mu Aran (Valencia, Spain) anapeza wapadera thanthwe kupenta. Iwo akunena mwamuna ndi thumba, amene akutsikira pa phompho kapena mtengo atazungulira njuchi zakutchire. Malinga ndi radiocarbon zaka kafukufukuyu ali mu osiyanasiyana 7-8 zikwi. Zaka.

Egypt

Honey njuchi anali mu nkhani yapadera pa Farao ndi Iguputo. mafano awo ali pano pa mipukutu ambiri ndi frescoes. Mwachitsanzo, wamkulu kwambiri wa iwo - Smith amtunduwu omwe analembedwa 1700 BC. Limafotokoza mmene ntchito phula timadzi tokoma kwa machiritso chilonda.

Komanso, mbiri ya uchi mu dziko lino zapiringizana ndi mwambo wa imfa. chakuti ansembe akale ntchito zinthuzi yaiwisi monga mmodzi wa zosakaniza kuti mtembo wa Mitembo yokhala. Choncho, timadzi tokoma anali mmodzi wa mankhwala okwera mtengo kwambiri msika Iguputo. Kugula chitha anthu olemera okha, enawo anali kusaka kwa ming'oma awo njuchi zakutchire.

Woyamba "alimi"

Mbiri ya uchi limatiuza kuti Agiriki akale anali woyamba kuphunzira makhalidwe a njuchi. Iwo mozama za, kuti zikhale tizilombo izi. Mwachitsanzo, odziwika bwino wasayansi Xenophon (linalake 400 BC. E.) Analemba ndemanga pa luso la ulimi uchi. Zinali nkhani kwambiri ntchito kuti ngakhale lero, Timutamandetu apamwamba.

Wina ufumu kafukufuku njuchi - Aristotle. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira mabuku akale, nzeru zapamwamba uyu anali njuchi wake. Mwachibadwa, anali wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera lero. Koma kuti Agiriki mu 400 BC, kusungidwa tizilombo awo zakutchire, zimapangitsa tiweramitse nzeru zawo.

Ufumu wa Chiroma

Mu lamulo la Aroma, uchi ndi njuchi anali pansi pa kutetezedwa ndi lamulo. Palibe amene akanatha kuvulaza ming'oma mlimi, ndipo makamaka kwa izo. The kuchotserapo anali okhawo milandu kumene ntchito njuchi kusiya nyumba zawo, natuluka kuyang'ana kwa njuchi watsopano. Ndiye, mwa lamulo, iwo ankaona chiyani, ndipo mlimi aliyense akhoza pogona iwo kuchokera okha.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti uchi wakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri msika Roma. Ankaperekerako kuphika, fungo ndipo ngakhale mankhwala. Panali nthawi imene ankagwiritsa ntchito monga ndalama zina. Pakuti uchi kugula zinthu, zipangizo zomangamanga, akapolo ndi zina zotero.

ku Asia

Mu India uchi anayamba kupanga chinthu 4-5 zikwi. Zaka zapitazo. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi malemba wakale wa otchedwa Vedas. Malinga ndi iwo, chakudya chokoma uwu wakhala umodzi Mphatso wa milungu. Choncho, kupezeka kwake pa tebulo analonjeza chitukuko ndi thanzi la banja lonse.

Zambiri zovuta kuzimvetsa kwambiri anali Chinese. Mu dziko lino, uchi akugwiritsa ntchito kupanga mankhwala. Kodi ndinene kuti, ngakhale ntchito njuchi drones ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka. Ochiritsa ankakhulupirira kuti timadzi tokoma kuchiritsa m'mimba ndi ndulu, ndi tizilombo okha amathandiza kuti kusintha kwa magazi.

mafumu Japanese komanso ankakonda uchi. Mu dziko lino icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kuphika, ndi zofunika mankhwala. Komabe, nyengo wanu ndi bwino yoti njuchi, koma chifukwa Japanese kuyambira nthawi yakale ali ogula waukulu wa Tingafinye wokoma. Ngakhale lero, ali mu malo wachitatu inatha, wachiwiri buku okha United States ndi Germany.

Dziko la American Indians

Ndi mbadwa za Chimereka anali kwambiri mwayi wa onse. njuchi awo unasinthika kukhala mtundu wapadera, amene anabadwa anali mosatsata ululu. Choncho, m'madera izi kuti uchi uzigweramo mwina wosaopa moyo wake.

Koma Amwenye, iwo ankakhulupirira kuti timadzi tokoma wa milungu anawatuma iwo. Iwo atawira mphamvu zake zodabwitsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati uchi ino monga mphatso kwa guwa, wamphamvu kwambiri adzasamalira dziko ndipo sadzalola kuwononga chilala.

mafuko African

Ngati inu mukukhulupirira asayansi kafukufuku, mbiri ya uchi lili kunayambira ku Africa. Ndi m'madera amenewa anali woyamba uchi njuchi. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mitundu African bwino kupeza chakudya chokoma ichi.

mabodza awo chinsinsi mu kudalirana zodabwitsa pakati pa mbalame ndi anthu. Medoukazchik - wotchedwa nthenga mwana okhala pafupifupi dera lonse la Black M'dziko. dzina lake odziwikiratu. Mbalame amakonda phula, ndi zina zovuta kupeza mng'oma kuthengo.

Kumene, anthu African akudziwa Mbali imeneyi. Iwo zikhale medoukazchikov, kenako ntchito kusakasaka awo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale masiku ano njira imeneyi ntchito ndi anthu akomweko kupanga uchi.

nkhanza Ages Middle

Ku Ulaya, timadzi tokoma ofunika ake kulemera golidi. Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti ambiri mwa maswiti anapangidwa pa maziko ake. Komanso, pa nthawi imeneyo anthu wamba anagwidwa kuchepa wokonda mkulu-kalori chakudya, ndi uchi wopatsa moyo mosavuta zinathandiza kuti kusowa mphamvu.

ankafuna amenewa kwachititsa kuti anthu akhala ndi luso nsugwi mng'oma choyamba. Zinali pantchito yojambula njuchi. Komabe, ambiri ufulu yopanga uchi a apamwamba ndi mpingo. Choncho, kutulutsa yambiri timadzi tokoma ndi sizinagwire ntchito.

amisiri Asilavo

makolo athu ankadziwa bwino amene amatulutsa uchi more: zakutchire njuchi kapena zoweta. Choncho, zimayesetsa apiculture (kuweta njuchi dzina choyambirira Russia). M'malo mwake, ming'oma, iwo ntchito yaikulu, dzenje matabwa sitimayo - bolodi.

Trade mankhwala kuti tonse. Koma ochepa ankachita ntchito imeneyi. Ndipo onse chifukwa njuchi si chofunika dyuzhey mphamvu ndi kupirira, ndipo - Chofunika - luso.

njuchi zamakono

Mwa kuphunzira mfundo zosangalatsa za uchi ndi njuchi, anthu anazindikira kuti definitively kumvetsa mfundo za mng'oma. Chopereka kwambiri chitukuko cha njuchi anapanga Russian wasayansi - Prokopovich Petr Ivanovich. Iye ndiye anali mu chiyambi cha m'ma XIX, adalenga yoyamba frameless mng'oma - sapetku.

Kenako njuchi wakhala sayansi. Alimi m'mayiko onse akhala akugwira ntchito mwakhama pa kutukula nyumba njuchi. Patapita nthawi, amisiri amanga kumagwiridwa ano selo. kukongola ndi kuti amalola kuti uchi uzigweramo ndi kusuta njuchi osati chifukwa cha izo. Komanso, chifukwa dongosolo mpweya wabwino, njuchi kupuma momasuka, amene kwambiri kumawonjezera kupulumuka tizilombo.