Kodi kusankha Kakhungu mpope: malangizo ndi ndemanga. Mitundu ya mapampu zakulera

Mapampu - izo limaphatikiza, amene ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuthetsa mavuto ena kunyumba. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtundu wa zipangizo. Pakati wotchuka kwambiri yothandiza kuti ntchito - zakulera mapampu. kutchuka kwawo ikukula mu Russia. ndi mbali ya kapangidwe awo? Kodi ubwino mapampu zotero? Kodi tiyenera njira ya opaleshoni awo?

Kodi mpope

Malinga ndi zakulera mpope ukugwira ntchito mfundo zimene? Chiwembu ndi motere. chipangizo tichipeza cavities awiri inali moyang'anizana wina ndi mzake. Amawapatula ndi Kakhungu - wokonzeka kusintha kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo mbale amphamvu. chipinda chimodzi ladzala ndi mpweya, ndi zina - madzi. Pakati pa iwo, nawonso, ndi wogulitsa amene amachita pa chifundamtima kuti anawamvera mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndi matalikidwe yaing'ono.

Chifukwa wa M'mimbamo munthu amene anathawira buku la madzi, ndi zina - imatsala. Pamene Kakhungu ndi akuchita malo zosiyana - chinthu chokwawa ndege yopingasa - zikomo kwa kapangidwe wapadera wa mavavu unit. Zakulera mpope Choncho ukugwira ntchito pa kusamutsidwa mfundo mankhwala - monga, ndithudi, ndi zipangizo pisitoni-mtundu. Koma otsiriza, monga ulamuliro, palibe mbali kusintha monga zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chiwembu kupanga wagawo zipangitsa mkulu bata chipangizo.

Chifukwa cha mamangidwe, ndi zakulera mpope chipinda ali pafupifupi osati awonongeka. Choncho, mtundu uwu zida mu kuchitako molondola pa ntchito zothandiza kuposa reciprocating ochiritsira. Njira yabwino kupirira zakulera mapampu madzi ikukoka zakumwa ndi osalimba apamwamba ndi kukhuthala, komanso suspensions.

zipangizo zomangira

Zakulera mpope, Nthawi zambiri mphira kapena kusintha ndi mkulu-mphamvu steels. Nayenso chipangizo Nthawi zambiri zipangizo kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri ndi mankhwala (ngati ankaganiza lolingana kulunjika wa chibwenzi chawo). The chakudya madzi kapena slurry ku payipi kumaliseche, omwe kawirikawiri anapanga za jombo kapena PVC.

Ubwino mapampu zakulera

The zakulera mpope angapo ubwino. Choyamba, izi omasuka yapaderayi kuphedwa (mu implementations luso kwambiri). Monga ulamuliro, unafotokoza onsewo mbali ndi Motors mu mayunitsi wa mtundu uwu. zimagwirira kuti chifukwa mapampu zoyenda, sindiwo ndi zida za sayansi chipangizo. Monga ulamuliro, mapampu makono zakulera - magetsi mwachilungamo yosavuta kamangidwe, ndi dongosolo pneumatic, ngati si pamanja kusintha. Kachiwiri, mayunitsi ntchito ndi Mwina osachepera kulephera - Ndipotu, ndi chuma chawo chifukwa basi mamangidwe mophweka chomwecho. Zakulera mpope - chipangizo kuti adzakhala yaitali. Chachitatu, zipangizozi ndi zovuta kukhazikitsa ndi unsembe, osati udzafunidwa pa yosungirako ndi zoyendera zinthu. Kutentha, chinyezi ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe musati bwanji magwiridwe ya mpope.

ntchito njira zamakono

Mayunitsi mu funso, ndi zosiyana. Pakati ambiri - kutulutsa mpweya. Nembanemba msonkhano wa mtundu uwu ukugwira ntchito popanda galimoto galimoto, wosiyana transmitters zovuta ndi nyengo anasonyeza. Kakonzedwe kotero yabwino makamaka mawu a mayendedwe. Pakati mbali ina yotchuka - magetsi appreciable ndi zikayamba, zomwe zina zimathandiza kuti ntchito chipangizo pansi madzi. Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, pali mapampu zakulera ndi galimoto magetsi. Iwo ali ofanana kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi (iwo ndinazolowera kwambiri eletrosistem ntchito mu Russia), ntchito yapamwamba, mtengo wololera. Palinso mpope yotengeka ndi galimoto hayidiroliki.

Choncho, muyezo waukulu gulu la zida - mtundu wa galimoto ya. Ambiri, mfundo ya machitidwe a mtundu uliwonse wa chipangizo chimodzimodzi: Kakhungu (kapena, monga iwo ukutchedwa, zakulera) akufunitsitsa mchikakamizo cha injini makina, mpweya (mu nkhani ya galimoto pneumatic) kapena madzi (pamene ntchito dongosolo hayidiroliki), potero kuwapangitsa kayendedwe ka chakudya zinthu. Mu ena ziwembu mapampu Kakhungu awiri amaperekedwa. Pa makhalidwe wina wothinikizidwa mpweya, moti maondo kulimbikitsa mankhwala ntchito kwa vavu kubwereketsa. Imodzi, mu gawo kumene Kakhungu wachiwiri, zingalowe, limene kuchokera kwa malamulo a chilengedwe thupi la mankhwala odzipereka. Ndipo kotero aliyense kayendedwe ka actuator lapansi. nembanemba awiri Pankhaniyi zikugwirizana mawotchi kutsinde. Komanso mu ikukoka chinthu nawo mavavu mpweya, ntchito basi. suction (pamene woyamba Kakhungu dilution mpweya amayenda khoma) ndi ikukoka (pamene chifundamtima chachiwiri transmits kuthamanga pnevmopotoka madzimadzi kuti anakwanitsa kufika thupi, potero kupereka kayendedwe ka mankhwala kuti kubwereketsa ndi) - Motero, njira ziwiri zimachitika mwa mpope. zizindikiro kukakamiza kumbuyo khoma nembanemba umene umabala madzi ndi amene lili gawo athandizira, motero, wofanana. wagawo watchulidwa, ndi dzina lina - "zingalowe mpope". The zakulera limagwirira pamene izo ziri mu zonse zamakono implementations chipangizo. Chifukwa chake - mosavuta kumva ndiponso pa nthawi yomweyo, mkulu Mwachangu. Koma mapampu kawiri zakulera - iwo amakhala pneumatic.

I mwa mapampu Mwachangu

Pamaziko a zimene akugwirizana ndi mapampu zakulera mtundu akuti mu mawonekedwe a dzuwa ndi khalidwe la ntchito? Akatswiri akutali zotsatilazi anapereka wa magawo.

Choyamba, mpope pneumatic zakulera (kapena amene okonzeka ndi galimoto magetsi) ayenera aziyenda bwino popanda kufunikira kwa kukonza, kasinthidwe zina, kondomu ndi njira zina zimene zimafuna mtengo wa zolowetsa.

Kachiwiri, mayunitsi a mtundu ayenera kukhala wochezeka. Mfundo muyezo izi zikukwanilitsidwa mu nkhani ya zitsanzo zambiri zamakono za mapampu zakulera. Osati zipangizo zochuluka ntchito Mwachitsanzo, mafuta kapena mafuta.

Kachitatu, ndi zofunika kuti panali chopindulitsa ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo sitima kulamulira ndi zinthu kudyetsedwa ndalama. Ndiko kuti, mpope amayenera ntchito "pa" nthawi ndi "kutali". Izo ziyenera kukhala n'zotheka kusintha mphamvu ya suction mtundu zakuthupi ndi ntchito kuntchito.

Chachinayi, mpope tidzakwatulidwa anakonza chotero kuti likhoza ingress wa zinthu wolimba ndi cavities kuti sanali kuyambitsa kuwonongeka mawotchi chipangizo kapena kuwonongeka ake.

Komanso, akatswiri ena luso amakhulupirira kuti m'pofunika kukhalapo kwa chitetezo mwa mapampu uyenderere (mu nkhani ya mayunitsi pa galimoto), komanso chuma - za mtundu womwewo wa zipangizo.

Mbali

Pali magulu angapo a zipangizo funso. Pali metering zakulera mpope, Buku zingalowe - ndipo onse a iwo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwinobwino zosiyanasiyana mafakitale. Childs, izi makampani - mafuta ndi gasi, chakudya, utoto ndi varnish. mankhwala ndi kumanga. zipangizo pang'onopang'ono accustom ndi anthu - ulimi, mwachitsanzo. Zatchuka ndithu kakang'ono zipangizo. Makamaka, ena mwa iwo kukhoza magetsi pang'ono kwambiri (ngakhale, mu manja a wosuta kumaliza zakulera mpope) - 12 volts. Mtundu uwu wa zipangizo ndi ntchito kawirikawiri tchuthi yomanga kachitidwe ulimi wothirira kapena kuikira yaing'ono. Reviews eni ambiri minda yodziwika ndi zakulera yaing'ono zoweta mapampu yekha mbali positive.

Ikukoka njira izi, makamaka ndinazolowera ntchito makampani, akhoza zosiyanasiyana zinthu - madzi, madzi ndi osalimba apamwamba ndi kukhuthala, komanso kuti kulola inclusions olimba (malingana ndi chipangizo zosintha kukula kololeka ranges ku millimeters kuti masentimita angapo). Ena zitsanzo ndinazolowera chifukwa ikukoka mankhwala aukali.

mapampu dosing

Pali boma mtundu pansi mayunitsi kuganizira - n'zimene mapampu. Zakulera zimagwirira ali mfundo yomweyi monga zipangizo ochiritsira danogo mtundu, koma osiyanasiyana kopita kwawo, kawirikawiri kwambiri yopapatiza. zitsanzo zambiri za zipangizo ndinazolowera ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi zinthu mankhwala yogwira - pamene pali kufunika mlingo nthawi.

ndi mbali ya kapangidwe awo? Zakulera mapampu metering, monga ulamuliro, mwandondomeko, okhala kwapadera zikayamba pa bwalo lamkati. ntchito yawo (mwamphamvu kutengerapo wothandizila) kwambiri flexibly chosinthika. Mu chitsanzo panopa amapereka mungachite anapereka magawo wolakalakika - onse mu mode atsopano a pachikhalidwe, ndiponso m'nthawi presetting. Malinga mtundu kapangidwe ndi chipangizo luso, izi zikhoza kutheka pamanja kapena zinthu pagalimoto.

Pakati mbali chidwi metering mapampu - omasuka wapadera wa yokonza. Makamaka, iwo apangidwa, kawirikawiri mu mawonekedwe a midadada - zimenezi zimachititsa omasuka ndi kufunika kochepa kwa ndalama ntchito kusonkhana kapena zipangizo ogwiritsa. mapampu amenewa ali ambiri operekedwa ndi mavavu ndinazolowera poyera woopsawo mapangidwe. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri, monga zinthu izi timaganizira.

Metering chipangizo mtundu ndi chiwerengero mwachilungamo yaikulu ya chimachititsanso (chimachititsanso) - dongosolo la 100-150 pa mphindi. N'zotheka kusintha matalikidwe - mu zitsanzo zamakono izi zikhoza kutheka ntchito zosiyanasiyana 0-100%.

Mu zina, kulunjika kupanga amatenda kutsegula kwa "hybrid" chitsanzo chipangizo. Ndicho, mungafunike kutulutsa Kakhungu-pisitoni. Chili ubwino zakulera ndi, komanso "tingachipeze powerenga". Taganizirani mfundo za mtundu wa mayunitsi.

Makamaka mapampu Kakhungu-pisitoni

Mwaichi, mpope zingalowe (nembanemba) pamaziko a mbali kapangidwe kuti si nthawi zonse cholinga zipangizo processing ndi osalimba mkulu. Komanso, akatswiri ena luso, dzuwa lake si nthawi zonse mulingo woyenera. Choncho, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mpope ndi maonekedwe monga zakulera ndi pisitoni. Zipangizo za mtundu kawirikawiri ntchito pa dzuwa apamwamba ndi wotsikirapo mowa mphamvu.

Komanso kuchuluka kwa mapampu nembanemba-kusamutsidwa zambiri onse kuposa orifice lapansi. Makamaka, iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kwa ikukoka madzi, komanso kulimbikitsa sludge mu sefa atolankhani chikukhudza yomanga dryers kutsitsi. Ena mapampu Kakhungu-pisitoni, mtundu hayidiroliki Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa mafakitale ndi migodi, CHP, makampani ceramic, mu zitsulo. Choncho, mtundu wa chipangizo, ndi ubwino wa chibadidwe onse Kakhungu ndi pisitoni embodiments, zosintha zambiri ndi zambiri mosalekeza. Ndiko kuti, ngati zipangizo zakulera ndi yabwino kwa ikukoka zakumwa (ndi kuchuluka ena a zolimba okhutira), ndi "hybrid" mosavuta kulimbana ndi kayendedwe ka zinthu, zimene pamapeto, anthu ambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu insoluble akhale apamwamba.

Komabe, mtundu wa aggregates ndi zambiri kwambiri mtengo kuposa zakulera kapena pisitoni payekha. Komabe, ndi kukhathamiritsa moyenera kupanga ndondomeko ya ndalama akhoza kulipira yokha. Komanso, mowa mphamvu, chifukwa zosavuta ntchito "hybrid" mapampu ndi, kupatula - osachepera mu gawo ili la mtengo wochitira bizinesi adzakhala yafupika. Komanso, chifukwa mbali structural mwa mapampu Kakhungu-pisitoni, kuvala mbali kwa iwo nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ntchito chipangizo zakulera.

Kodi kusankha mpope?

Pamaziko a zimene i ayenera kusankhidwa zakulera mpope (ngati chipangizo chimene sananene kuti mtundu wosakanizidwa)? magawo omwe tinganene chiyani za ntchito ya mitundu ya zida, motere:

- kuthamanga ku valavu kubwereketsa (nthawi zambiri mlingo osachepera akhale 60 bala - koma zonse kudalira pa ntchito ankafuna ya mpope);

- suction (makamaka osachepera 4-5 m);

- mlingo otaya mankhwala (. Amayezedwa kiyubiki mamita paola - kuwanditsa analimbikitsa magawo zosiyana kwambiri - kuchokera 0.5 kuti makumi mayunitsi, onse malingana ndi cholinga chipangizo);

- kuthamanga kufala mtunda (kutalika kwa chitoliro kuti kudyetsedwa zakuthupi - osachepera 50 meters);

- wothinikizidwa mpweya (kawirikawiri mu osiyanasiyana 0.2-0.6 MPa, koma akhale makhalidwe ena);

- kololeka kutentha imeneyi amawapopa zinthu (amangoona madigiri 0-80);

- awiri mabowo pa polowera ndi kubwereketsa, ndipo pamene mlengalenga akudyetsedwa (mmene masentimita kapena mainchesi - zambiri chifukwa zitsanzo tanthauzo);

- Kuchepetsa awiri zolimba (siyana kuchokera millimeters angapo masentimita).

Komabe, gulu la mapampu ndi sipekitiramu ntchito yawo kwambiri moti kusankha magawo akadakwanitsira kusankha mtundu chipangizo nthawi zonse kudalira pa malo enieni ntchito.

zolakwa

Ubwino chipangizo pansi kulingalira zokwanira. lonse Izi - mpope nembanemba angagwiritsidwe ntchito wambirimbiri madzi ndi zakumwa zina ndi katundu osiyana thupi. Izi zachilengedwe - amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kamangidwe ka zipangizo ndi actuators popanda mpweya utsi. kupingasa uyu wa ntchito luso - pali magetsi, hayidiroliki, pneumatic, Buku zakulera mpope. Koma ayeneranso anati za zolakwa zimene khalidwe la mtundu wa mayunitsi.

Choyamba, Kakhungu kapena zakulera mapampu nthawi zonse zoyenda. Izi n'kukumana ndi kuvala zingang'ambe - iwo kukhala zochepa zolimba, ngati kulephera. Koma, monga ulamuliro, zida zamakono opanga ntchito kupereka zigawo nembanemba kwambiri yopuma, ndipo ngati iwo anathamangira kunja - inu nthawi zonse kuyitanitsa atsopano. Mwachitsanzo, HBM, kupereka flagship mankhwala ake - zingalowe m'malo mpope Kakhungu (HBM tikunena makina onga), likugwirizana ndi ya zida zosinthira.

Kachiwiri, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya masuku pamutu, kuvala bwino ndi mavavu chida. Komanso, nthawi zina pangakhale blockage wa pa zolimba kuti alipo chakudya madzi. Komabe, iwo akhoza m'malo.

Ena mavuto mpope bwino zimayamba ndi nthawi loko maonekedwe nthunzi panthawi ya madzi mayamwidwe (ngati processing wothandizira, amene yodziwika ndi mkulu nthunzi kuthamanga - mwachitsanzo, methyl mankhwala enaake).

Komabe, amalembedwa kupanda atatu mkulu maintainability kulipidwa mpope ndi m'malo mbali ankavala mosavuta. Komanso, kuchepetsa mosavuta kuwonongeka kwa Kakhungu ndi valavu imodzi ndi aggregates (ndipo nthawi zina - monga mbali ya kapangidwe awo) angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana damping zipangizo cholinga kutsegula nyemba akuwuka kwa kayendedwe ka diaphragms. Lang'anani, mapampu zakulera ntchito m'malo anzawo miyambo. profitability chuma m'mafakitale ambiri nthaŵi zambiri kumadalira luso logwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi zoterezi.