BPD makanda asanakwane - ndichiyani?

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) makanda msanga osauka ndi kukhudzana yaitali kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya analengedwa ndi makina a. Kuthetsa matenda, mwanayo amafunika chithandizo chapadera umalimbana kupulumutsa moyo wake. Tiyeni tione chimene icho chiri, zimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha mbali pathological wa chodabwitsa lapansi.

BPD makanda asanakwane - ndichiyani?

Kids amene anabadwa msanga ochepa, ongoyendayenda matenda osiyanasiyana chifukwa chosowa chitukuko ziwalo mkati. Pafupifupi mwana aliyense ali zolakwika akuluakulu mu dongosolo kupuma. Pofuna kukhala mlingo chofunika mpweya mwana m'pamene othandiza kupuma. zida izi, amene akulamulira chinyezi, kutentha ndi otaya mlingo wa mafuta osakaniza kwa kupuma. A Vuto kawirikawiri njirayi ndi bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia makanda asanakwane akufotokozera atadziŵa woipa mkulu wa mpweya kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati mwana ali pa othandizira masiku opitirira 28, zimakhala zosavuta matenda kwambiri. Osowa matenda amapezeka ana pa akuti, atadwala kwambiri bronchial machubu ndi mapapo.

Panopa milandu onse a mtundu watsopano wa BPD zambiri mapulani amene mapapo ndi osachepera alveolarization mwana, kupatula amalembedwa ziwalo za kupuma ndi ziwiya m'mapapo mwanga. Poyerekeza ndi "tingachipeze powerenga" dysplasia bronchopulmonary, ndi "kuwala" mawonekedwe a nthendayo anasamutsa zosavuta.

Zimayambitsa BPD

Kuchuluka kwa dysplasia bronchopulmonary unalembedwa pambuyo kuzimitsa mwana othandizira lapansi. Akatswiri amanena kuti pali chodabwitsa pathological chifukwa zotsatira za mpweya koyera padziko underdeveloped dongosolo m'mapapo mwanga. Monga zofunika ziti BPD chiopsezo zotsatirazi:

• kulowa dongosolo bronchopulmonary wa wothandizila opatsirana;
• Dongosolo zosayenera surfactant;
• oopsa m'mapapo mwanga chifukwa cha malformations za mtima;
• kuwonongeka m'mapapo minofu pamene olumikizidwa kwa othandizira ku;
• edema m'mapapo mwanga;
• deficiencies vitamini.

Makamaka wamba BPD makanda asanakwane kwambiri. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo ana obadwa pamaso masabata 29 masekeli osachepera 1500 surfactant dongosolo sizinachitike anayamba kwathunthu. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti pa m'mapapo expiratory alveoli kuyamba kukakamirana pamodzi ndi kukhala zowonongeka, amene amakwiya kuwonongeka kuwombola mpweya. Pofuna kupewa mavuto osafunika, mwana olumikizidwa kwa othandizira ku.

Zizindikiro za BPD

Mawonetseredwe woyamba wa matenda zalembedwa pambuyo disconnecting mwanayo kwa othandizira lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo zingaoneke kuti mwana wanu ali ndi azimuth abwino, koma patapita kanthawi pali zizindikiro zowopsa. Koposa zonse, makolo ayenera kulabadira kupuma movutikira. Ngati mwana amapanga mpweya oposa 60 pa mphindi, mphuno flaring kwambiri ndi chifuwa ali ndi mbiya woboola pakati maonekedwe, posachedwapa kupita kuchipatala.

Phokoso popuma, phlegm mu mapapo, anawonjezera mpweya, bluish khungu - zizindikiro kawirikawiri BPD makanda msanga. Kodi matenda ndi momwe kuti magawowa chikhalidwe mwanayo? Therapy osankhidwa okha ndi dokotala malingana ndi kuopsa kwa mwanayo. Pre-unachitikira miyeso matenda: kunja bwinobwino ultrasound wa mtima, chifuwa X-ray. Mayesero choyezera, pulmonologist kufunsira awerenge.

BPD chithandizo

Ana obadwa masiku asanakwane kudwala ankachitira symptomatically. Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala amenewa imakhala pothandiza matenda ndi normalization kupuma. Nthawi chithandizo - milungu ingapo miyezi 2-3.

Kusiyanitsa ofatsa, odziletsa ndi aakulu dysplasia bronchopulmonary. Pa siteji ya matenda amalembedwa exacerbation ndi chikhululukiro. mankhwala zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids, okodzetsa, mankhwala (ngati n'koyenera), bronchodilators, surfactants.

mankhwala antibacterial akufunika kuti ziletsa chitukuko cha kutupa. Akuti mulingo woyenera mankhwala kuchokera macrolide kuti bwino kupikisana ndi sipekitiramu waukulu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

mankhwala Features

Ngakhale matendawo amakwiya makina mpweya mu ndondomeko mankhwala ndi amafuna mankhwala oxygen. Polumikiza mwana makina pofuna kachitidwe kupuma, ndipo zimakhala zonse zokwanira oxygen. Motero anthu ambiri kusakaniza mafuta ndi kuthamanga mu zipangizo yafupika ngati kuli kotheka. Ziyeneranso polojekiti zonse kuchuluka kwa mpweya magazi a mwanayo.

Pamene BPD makanda asanakwane ayenera kudya zakudya. Nkofunika kuti thupi mwana okwanira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi Choncho kuteteza madzi owonjezera. Ngati boma la mwana osakaniza katundu mbeu muntaka tikubweretsazi gavage. Buku madzi amachepetsa kwa 110 ml ya pa makilogalamu thupi patsiku kupewa chitukuko cha edema m'mapapo mwanga.

The ntchito mahomoni

Timadzi mankhwala M'pofunika kuthetsa kutupa kapepala kakuti kupuma, amene amapezeka pa maziko a dysplasia bronchopulmonary. glucocorticoids zokhudza zonse kutumikiridwa kuchokera m'masiku oyambirira a moyo pamene mwana anatola pa makina othandiza. Izi amachepetsa chiopsezo kuvutika kwambiri chifukwa cha dongosolo kupuma.

Onani kuti timadzi mankhwala ali kuipa angapo, waukulu umene ali mavuto a hyperglycemia, matenda oopsa, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Zokonda kawirikawiri anapatsidwa mankhwala Mpweya. Iwo amafuna mlingo laling'ono kwambiri kusintha mbali yekha m'munsi pa mundawo kupuma. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mankhwala limapereka yokha zosakhalitsa zotsatira zabwino mu Zikavuta.

"Dexamethasone" - mmodzi wa mankhwala kwambiri ndi kudya wotenga ku gulu la glucocorticoids. Iwo zinafotokozedwa milandu opereka chithandizo chamtundu pachimake matenda. Komanso, mankhwala kumathandiza mapangidwe kuukira latsopano.

Chithandizo cha BPD mu msanga "Dexamethasone" ana akhoza kuchotsa zotsatira za interleukin - zinthu biologically yogwira kulowa m'dera la bronchi ndi kumatanthauza njira yotupa. Mankhwala kumathandiza chitukuko cha kulephera kupuma ndipo ndi otetezeka mwana kwathunthu.

"Dexamethasone": ikulongosola za mankhwala

The medicament ndi amphamvu kupanga glucocorticoid wothandizila zino. Zimene "Dexamethasone" umalimbana ndi normalization wa mapuloteni, mchere ndi zimam'patsa kagayidwe mu thupi. Nyamayi amphamvu odana ndi yotupa, antiallergic, ndi protivosokovmi antitoxic katundu. The ndondomeko yotupa si adathandizapo mwa kwambiri kuchepetsa kaphatikizidwe maselo mlongoti ndi eosinophils, imene chakudya owayimira proinflammatory.

Zochizira dysplasia bronchopulmonary makanda ntchito njira mu ampoules. mlingo amasankhidwa kokha paokhapaokha. Kumbukirani kuti yochepa ntchito mankhwala mavuto immunosuppressive, ndipo nthawi yaitali mankhwala kumaonjezera ngozi ya kujowina matenda sekondale.

Okodzetsa mu BPD

Ngakhale kuchepetsa kumwa tsiku madzimadzi pakati pa ana msanga ndi BPD, kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa edema yoikidwiratu okodzetsa - okodzetsa. mmene achire imatsogoleredwa kwa normalization wa bwino asidi-m'munsi ndi kuchepa kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi mu zimakhala ndi.

"Furosemide" ambiri amangoti ntchito mwa dongosolo okodzetsa. Vuto kukonzekera izi kuti imathandizira reabsorption madzimadzi mu mapapo ndi kusintha m'mapapo mwanga zimango edema.

Kafukufuku ndi zotsatira

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa. Mu matenda aakulu ndi oopsa 20% ya milandu. Mu wofatsa chowongolera matenda ndi kusintha kwa mwana n'zotheka kukwaniritsa pa miyezi ya moyo. kangati kukhala kukumana ndi mavuto pambuyo BPD makanda asanakwane? Akatswiri Mlendo kuti ana awa akudwala matenda okhudzana ndi kupuma, kuthamanga magazi, magazi m'thupi, anachedwa kukula.