Caprolon: makhalidwe apamwamba, maonekedwe, kukula, zinthu zosiyanasiyana

Caprolon, amene maonekedwe ake aumisiri adzafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, dzina la Russia ndi limodzi la otchuka polyamides - polycaproamide. Pogulitsa lero mungapeze zambiri ndi mafananidwe a caproloni, omwe lero ali wamba.

Kulongosola kwachidule

Nkhani zomwe tatchulazi ndi zatsopano, zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira 1980. Ali ndi katundu wapadera, ali ndi chikhazikitso chokwanira komanso mphamvu. Ngati ili ndi caprolon yamtengo wapatali, ikhoza kukhala kunja kwa zaka zingapo, pomwe zinthu sizidzatayika ndi mawonekedwe ake, sizidzatetezedwa ku chilengedwe cha kunja ndi ultraviolet.

Zinthu Zofunika

Caprolon, maluso apamwamba omwe muyenera kudziwidwa kwa inu, ngati mukukonzekera kuti mugule, akulimbana ndi:

• Mitundu ya mankhwala;
• Ethers;
• Zosakaniza;
• Zida zosakaniza;
• Mowa.

Caprolon imasungunuka mu mawonekedwe ndi moyikira sulfuric acid, komanso mu fluorinated alcohols. Zina mwazikuluzikulu za zinthuzi ndizomwe zimagwirizanitsa, izi zimapangitsa kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida ndi zina zogwiritsira ntchito panthawiyi. Komabe, njira iyi si njira yokhayo yogwiritsira ntchito caprolon m'munda wa makampani.

Kukula kwa ntchito

Caprolon, amene maonekedwe ake ndi apadera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa zitsulo. Zinthuzo ndi 6 kapena ngakhale 7 zowala kuposa chitsulo, izi zikusonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi zolemera zochepa komanso mphamvu zochepa. Caprolon imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambula zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutupa, zimadziwika ndi kutsekedwa kwa abrasion, kutsika kwazitsulo kokwanira, pakati pa zinthu zina, ziwalozi zimakhala ndi kudzipweteka.

Caprolon imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalasi, mapopu, mapuloteni, malo osiyana siyana, ndi ma rollers, omwe amapanga maziko a mabotolo othandizira. Nthaŵi zina nkhaniyi imapanganso mapulani a mapepala, omwe angathe kugwiritsa ntchito makampani a nyama.

Kuti muwone

Caprolon yomwe inafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, maluso omwe adzasangalatse wogula aliyense, akhoza kuchepetsa kuvala kwa katundu, kuonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki ndi 1.5 nthawi. Ntchito yolimbikira ndi yokwana 35 peresenti, pamene mtengo wotsiriza umakhala pafupifupi 0,5 peresenti kuposa momwe zimagwirira ntchito zamkuwa ndi zitsulo.

Makina a caprolon: mapepala

Chinthu chodziwika kwambiri pa nkhaniyi ndi caprosoni, yomwe ndi yopanda ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito zigawo zosiyana, monga:

• Chithunzi;
• Masamba osalala;
• Flanges;
• Miyendo.

Zipangizozi zimakhala mofanana ndi masentimita awiri mbali imodzi ya 1000 mm, pomwe makulidwe amatha kusiyana ndi 6 mpaka 250 mm. Komabe, magawowa akhoza kusintha. Kusungirako zinthuzi ziyenera kuchitika m'zipinda ndi otsika chinyezi. Caprolon, zida zamakono ndi zida zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala chifukwa cha kutsika kwake, kusasunthika ndi kutsika. Choncho, ambuye ayenera kusunga njira zopezera chitetezo pamene palifunika kuomba pamwamba ndi nyundo kapena nyundo. Chitani izi pokhapokha pepala likhoza kukhazikitsidwa. Akatswiri amalangiza kugwira ntchito ndi magolovesi, monga manja angathe kuonongeka.

Makina opanga mapulotoni amayendetsedwa pa makina opanga zitsulo, koma zina zoyenera ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Pamene kusakaniza n'kofunikira kupereka kutentha, nkhaniyi ili ndi pang'onopang'ono. Ngati zovuta zogwiritsidwa ntchito zikufunika, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti nkhaniyo ingasokonezeke, motero ndi bwino kugawa ntchitoyo mu magawo angapo.

Zolemba zamakono

Caprolon, katundu ndi ntchito zomwe ziyenera kudziwika kwa wogula musanagule, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochuluka kuyambira 1150 mpaka 1160 kg / m³. Kutentha kwake kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira -40 mpaka +70 ° C, pamene malo otungunuka amatha kufika 250 ° C. Ndikofunika kudziwa komanso kuchulukitsa kokwanira kwazowonjezereka, zomwe ndi 0.000098, pamene kutentha kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira 0 mpaka 50 ° C.

Akatswiri nthawi zina amakhala ndi chidwi monga Brinell zovuta, zomwe sizingafike poyerekeza ndi 130 HB. Ngati tsamba la caprolon, ndiye kuti malire ake ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira 80 MPa kapena zambiri. Mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi ndi 90 MPa kapena zambiri. Pa nthawi yopuma, chiwerengero cha 10%, ndipo chokwanira cha conductivity chokwanira ndi 0.29 pa 20 ° C. Caprolon, zida zamakono, kutentha komwe kumatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, ili ndi mphamvu zamagetsi kuyambira 30 mpaka 35 kV / mm.

Mitundu yambiri ya zinthu

Caprolon graphite yodzazidwa, maluso omwe amavomereza kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu makampani, ali ndi coefficient of friction, yomwe imakhala katatu poyerekeza ndi polyamide ya kalasi yachisanu ndi chimodzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, mtundu uwu ndi wapamwamba kuposa magalasi ena a caproloni. Pakati pawo tingathe kusiyanitsa:

• Polyamide 6;
• PA6-MG ndi chinthu chosinthidwa ndi graphite;
• PA6-MDM ndi molybdenum disulfide yosinthidwa.

Polyamide 6 ikhoza kupangidwa ndi extrusion kapena pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji. Pachiyambi choyamba, nkhaniyi ndi yamphamvu ndipo imakhala ndi mamasukidwe othamanga kwambiri komanso amachepetsedwa. Ngati tikukamba za polyamide, zopangidwa ndi njira yoponyera, ndiye kuti muli ndi caprolon yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia, yomwe ili ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo ndi osavuta kuigwiritsa ntchito. Zinthuzi sizingathetseretu thanzi la anthu ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale m'makampani ogulitsa.

Ngati mafuta owonjezera akuwonjezeredwa ku polyamide 6, zidzatheka kupeza zinthu ndi zida zowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithe kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ziwalo ndi magulu komwe kuli kofunikanso. Masiku ano, caprolon ndi yotchuka kwambiri, luso laumisiri, zomwe zimakhala zosangalatsa kwa ogula ambiri. Koma nkhaniyi imapangidwa molingana ndi ziganizo 2224-036-00203803-2012 ndipo ili ndi mtundu wochokera ku zoyera kupita ku kirimu. Ngati musanakhale mitundu PA6-MG ndi PA6-MDM, ndiye mtundu ukhoza kukhala wakuda kapena wakuda. Komabe, kalasi yachisanu ndi chimodzi caprolon imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito nkhungu, motero, n'zotheka kupeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Makina apamwamba a nkhaniyi amaikidwa ndi makalata awiri - "A" ndi "B"; choyamba, caprolon imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za zomangamanga, koma panthawi yachiwiri ya zida zomangamanga.

Kutsiliza

Caprolon sagonjetsedwa ndi zotsatira zokha za ma hydrocarboni ndi ketoni, komanso za zida zofooka ndi alkali. Muzochitika zachilendo, zakuthupi sizowopsa, ziribe zotsatira zovulaza thupi ndi nyama. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira zinthu, kuwonongeka sikuchitika, palibe zinthu zoipa zomwe zimatulutsidwa. Pamene nkhaniyo ikuwonekera kutentha pamwamba pa 300 ° C, caprolon imayamba kuwonongeka, ndi ammonia ndi carbon monoxide kumasulidwa.