Caucasian rhododendron: kufotokoza, kubzala ndi kusamalira

Sizingatheke kulingalira munda wamaluwa popanda kufalikira kapena, m'malo mwake, zitsamba zokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescences. Rhododendron munda udakonda olima ambiri chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo. Mankhwala akuluakulu, nthawi zina amadzimva amachititsa kuti aliyense azisamalira munda. Chomerachi chikuyimiridwa ndi mazana angapo (mitundu yoposa 900), kuphatikizapo chikhomo cha Caucasus. Kodi shrub yodabwitsa iyi ndi yotani? Kodi zikhalidwe zake ndi chiyani? Timaphunzira za izi pakalipano.

Rhododendron ya Caucasus: kufotokoza za mbewu

Caucasian rhododendron m'chilengedwe chimakula m'dera la Caucasus (kumene, dzina la zomera linachokera). Malo apamwamba kumene mungapeze tsitsi lazitali lobiriwira shrub ndilo malire a minda ya chisanu. Mosiyana ndi wachibale wake wamtali, yemwe amadziwika kuti wothirira mphotho, Caucasian imakula mpaka masentimita 60. Komabe, pali nthawi pamene mbewuyi imakhala mita imodzi msinkhu.

Nthambi zachitsamba zimakhala zokwawa kwambiri, zophimbidwa ndi masamba a chikopa cha mawonekedwe a oval-oblong. Masamba a mndandanda kumbali yakumdima yobiriwira, yosalala. Gawo la pansi la masamba ndi pubescent, ndi pang'ono kugwira wa pabuka mtundu. Mapeto a tsambali amatsimikiziridwa, m'mphepete mwake akugwera pansi. Sungani masamba mwachidule, koma petioles okwanira mokwanira.

Chipatso cha inflorescence cha ku Caucasus chimadutsa masentimita 10-15 m'kati mwake ndipo chimakhala ndi 8, pazipita khumi ndi ziwiri, maluwa oboola ngati mkuwa wonyezimira. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi woyera, ndi pang'ono mwachikasu tinge. Mkati mwa maluwawo uli ndi madontho obiriwira. Zidzakhala zazifupi, zonyezimira ndi tsitsi. Pubescence yamphamvu imapezeka pa makapu ndi mazira a zipatso.

Mphepo ya Caucasus imamera pakatikati pa mwezi wa June ndipo imapitirizabe kufalikira mpaka kumapeto kwa July. Mwachirengedwe, ndiko kuti, mwachilengedwe kwa iwoeni, chomeracho chikhoza kuphuka mobwerezabwereza.

Mafomu a kayendedwe ka Caucasus

Mtsinje wa Caucasus umaimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera yomwe imasiyanirana ndi mtundu wa inflorescences. Choncho, ku Rosea-alba pamakhala zofiira zoyera komanso zosaoneka bwino za pinki. Amene akufuna kuyamba pinki ya pinki pamalowa, mawonekedwe a Splendens ndi abwino kwambiri. Anthu a mtundu wachikasu ngati mtundu wa Flavidum ndi Stramineum. Mitengo ya maluwa ya mtundu woyamba imakongoletsa mawanga obiriwira, ndipo yachiwiri - lalanje kapena wofiira.

M'mawu ake, aliyense akhoza kusankha chombo chomwe amachikonda, chitsamba chosungunuka chomwe chidzakongoletsa monga mixboarder kapena hill hill, ndi kuchepetsa.

Malo abwino odzala rhododendron

Choncho, tiyeni tipite kumodzi mwa mafunso akuluakulu okhudzana ndi kulima kokosi ya Caucasus - kusankha malo otsetsereka. Kuti shrub ikhale ndi mizu m'munda, ndikofunika kukumbukira zomwe zilipo kwa iye. Choyamba, musabzale mbewu pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, chifukwa adzalandira pafupifupi "chakudya" chonsecho. Chachiwiri, mabomba onse salola kuti dzuwa likhale lowala kwambiri, choncho malo odzalawo ayenera kukhala kumbali ya kumpoto kwa nyumbayi. Izi zimathandizanso kuti chitsamba chizitetezedwa ku mphepo, chomwe chingathe kuuma masamba a zomera.

Popeza kuti khola la Caucasus ndi la zitsamba zouma zowonongeka, ndibwino kuti zisungidwe kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa dzuwa. Chowonadi n'chakuti izi zingakhudze njira yabwino kwambiri ya mtsogolo, komanso amalimbikitsanso kuyanika kwa masamba.

Kuwonjezera pa zonsezi, ndikofunikira kumvetsera chinyezi cha nthaka chaka chonse. Rhododendron ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti isabzalidwe pamalo omwe patebulo la pansi lapansi limakwera kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, chitsamba sichiyenera kusungunuka madzi kuchokera padenga kapena mapiri ena. Makamaka zosavomerezeka madzi osefukira mu nthawi ya chigumula cha chisanu.

Kubzala kwa rhododendron Caucasus

Kukonzekera dzenje lodzala la khola la Caucasian ndibwino kuti lichitike pasadakhale. Kuzama kwake sikuyenera kupitirira theka la mita. Kusakaniza kwadothi kumakonzedwa bwino kuchokera pamwamba pa nthaka pansi pa conifers, peat wowawasa ndi loam. Mulimonsemo musati muwonjeze pa tsamba la kubzala kapena manyowa humus ndi udzu wa udzu. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lapansi lidzakhala losafunika kwa mbewu. Ngati pali vuto pa webusaitiyi, monga tebulo loyandikana pansi, muyenera kumanga chingwe chabwino.

Mmera wa khola la Caucasus umayikidwa mu dzenje loti lifike kuti mizu yake ikhale yofanana ndi yomwe inali, pamene chomera chinali mu mphika kapena chidebe. Mutabzala, tchire zimathiriridwa ndi kuzungulira ndi mapaipi a pine (singano zapini zapaini). Pofuna kukhazikitsa bata kunthaka, n'zotheka kuyika khola pafupi ndi nyemba ndi kumangiriza chomeracho.

Kusamalira mbewu mumchaka choyamba mutabzala

Mu masabata oyambirira mutatha kubzala mitengo ya Caucasus, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu yake siyakhudzidwa ndi kuyanika kwa nthaka. Kuthirira mbewu ayenera kukhala wochuluka, koma popanda kutengeka. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka mu nthawi youma kapena yotentha. Popanda chinyezi, khola la Caucasus, lomwe limatanthawuza zitsamba zobiriwira, lingathe kutaya masamba ambiri.

M'chaka choyamba, rhododendron sichifunikira feteleza yowonjezerapo, popeza mizu yake idakali yofooka, ndipo feteleza ikhoza kuvulaza (kutentha, mwachitsanzo). Kusamalira kumachepetsedwa kuchotsedwa kwa namsongole ndi kukulumikiza. Kuweta kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, kuti asawononge mizu ya khola loyandama pafupi ndi nthaka. Pa chifukwa chomwecho, musatengedwe kuchotsa nthaka kudutsa chitsamba. Asanayambe nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kuti musayiwale za ulimi wothirira madzi ndi malo ogona ngati shalashik kuchokera ku nthambi ndi masamba ogwa. Izi zidzathandiza zomera kuti zizikhalabe m'nyengo yozizira popanda zoperewera zazikulu.

Kudiririra ndi kuvala pamwamba kwa akulu akuluakulu

Ndikofunika kuthirira zomera zazikulu zamtundu wa Caucasus nthawi zonse. Kupaka zovala kumapeto kwa masika ndipo mwamsanga mutatha maluwa. Makamaka ayenera kuperekedwa kwa mtundu wa feteleza. Phulusa ndi nthaka zina zowonongeka kwa rhododendron sizoyenera. Akamalowa m'nthaka, chitsamba chikhoza kutembenukira chikasu komanso kutaya masamba. Manyowa abwino kwambiri ophimba kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi osakaniza a superphosphate, ammonium sulphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate (mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 1.5). Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumakhala bwino mu mawonekedwe owuma, kufalikira pamwamba pa nthaka mwamsanga mutatha kuthirira kapena nthawiyo. Ngati khola la Caucasian linabzalidwa m'nyengo yapitayi, chovala chokwera pamwamba pake chiyenera kukhala ndi mchang'onoting'ono wa superphosphate ndi potassium sulphate mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1.

Pakati pa chilimwe mwamsanga maluwawo atatha, amadyetsedwa ndi udzu wobiriwira kapena kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuku zinyalala. Pangani feteleza mu mawonekedwe a madzi, poyamba mutha kusokoneza 0,5 malita a kulowetsedwa mu ndowa (10 malita). Pamaso pa feteleza musanakhale madzi okwanira.

Momwe mungayambitsire chida cha Caucasus

Chomeracho chikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi zigawo, mbewu kapena cuttings. Mbewu rhododendron imamanga pafupifupi chaka chilichonse. Nkofunika kuti asonkhanitse kucha ndikuyika m'bokosilo ndi nthaka yowonongeka ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe. Apa wolima amafunikira chipiriro chake chonse, chifukwa akuwombera ayenera kuyembekezera zaka 2-3. Njira yofulumira komanso yodalirika yobalera ndiyo kuchotsa. Mphukira yathanzi ya rhododendron imakanikizidwa pamwamba pa nthaka ndi chophimba tsitsi ndipo ili ndi gawo loyenera la zomera. Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake mphukira yowongoka ingathe kusamalidwa bwino ndi chitsamba ndi kuikidwa pamalo atsopano. Cuttings kufalitsa monga njira yofalitsira ya rhododendron imatchuka kwambiri pakati pa florists. Kuti mupeze chomera chatsopano, muyenera kudula kuchokera ku chitsamba chomwe chafalikira kale, chitonthozo chokhala ndi thanzi ndikuchiyika mu bokosi lomwe liri ndi gawo lachinyontho lonyowa. Nthambi zowakhazikika zamasamba zimabzalidwa m'malo osatha.