Chikhalidwe malamulo: lingaliro, zinthu, ndi zinthu kumamukopa mapangidwe ake. Malamulo Culture Society

Limodzi mwa mavuto ambiri ofunika akukumana boma lililonse - malamulo chikhalidwe cha umunthu, chifukwa kumakhudza mwachindunji pa chitukuko chonse cha anthu ndi boma lonse. Maziko ongolankhula ya boma ndipo amapanga zina chikhalidwe malamulo:

- chipembedzo;

- ndale;

- chikhalidwe.

Zimachitika pakati pa anthu m'dziko malamulo. chikhalidwe malamulo akuwonekera pa maubwenzi ntchito, anthu ndi chikhalidwe, magulu akatswiri a chikhalidwe ndi dongosolo ena okhudzidwa. Choncho, aliyense boma ndikofunika kuphunzira ndizosowa ufulu wa nzika nthawi zonse, ili ndi phindu kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha dziko zonse kunachitika.

terminology

Culture monga - ndi patsogolo chitukuko anthu, amene si anatsimikiza ndi zinthu zakuthupi, zauzimu. Izi ndi zizindikiro kuti anthu mazana a zaka aliko muzochitika zones za moyo umene mikhalidwe wamoyo, ndiye kusintha mitundu linakhalapo.

chikhalidwe malamulo - kupambana kwa anthu chitukuko ubale ndi boma, mu mapangidwe ufulu wa nzika iliyonse. Ndi mbali ya kukhulupirika auzimu a anthu.

Mitundu ya chikhalidwe malamulo

Kuonetsetsa 3 za mtundu wake, malingana ndi atolankhani:

- chikhalidwe cha mudziko lonse;

- chikhalidwe cha gulu osiyana;

- chikhalidwe malamulo a umunthu.

Tiyeni tikambirane za aliyense payekhapayekha.

anthu Culture

dongosolo la makhalidwe, anasonkhanitsa anthu m'dziko makamaka. zinthu Constituent:

- mchitidwe lamulo dziko;

- kugwilizana ndi lamulo;

- mlingo ambiri a chilungamo;

- chonse malamulo chimango ndi ena.

Culture gulu

Akatswiri ambiri m'munda wa mpongozi adzatsutsana ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka mfundo gulu la, kusankha kwambiri ngati osiyana mitundu, popeza amakhala ndi zinthu zonse za chibadidwe chikhalidwe malamulo a anthu. Chimake cha chikhalidwe malamulo a gulu - ndi onse munthu aliyense payekha amanga mgwirizano wawo gulu linalake, mabwenzi kapena kuntchito.

umunthu chikhalidwe

Malamulo chikhalidwe cha umunthu - ndi mlingo wa malamulo chitukuko, socialization ndi maphunziro a nzika iliyonse ya dziko. Nkofunika kudziwa mmene nzika anaphunzira ndizosowa ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito mu ntchito. Features:

- kuwadziwitsa, kutchukitsa kukhwima malamulo a munthu aliyense;

- kutembenuka kwa chidziwitso wabweza chizolowezi ndi makhalidwe;

- kufunitsitsa munthu aliyense kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi malamulo okhazikika malamulo;

- luso amanena ufulu wawo ngati zisakuyenda.

Chamene - izo si odziwa malamulo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru muzochita zake, ndi zonse. Mugone malamulo ndi nkhani zina za lamulo, chilengedwe ayenera kumangidwa kokha, ndi kusunga malamulo.

Limatchula za chikhalidwe malamulo a umunthu

chikhalidwe chilichonse - makamaka chikhumbokhumbo cha njira yotukuka moyo, kukula mwauzimu, khalidwe, nzeru ndiponso maganizo mfundo za makhalidwe munthu ndipo kugulu. Malamulo chikhalidwe cha umunthu - ndi luntha osati za chimango malamulo ndi ndondomeko, komanso okhwima kusunga chilamulo. Pankhaniyi, makhalidwe a anthu sayenera zonse analimbikitsa mabungwe apolisi, anayamba ndi mfundo anthu ayenera bwino kuti aliyense wa anthu ake.

M'munsimu muli mfundo za chikhalidwe malamulo a umunthu. Iwo atatu, ndipo iwo ali zonse zofunika. Kotero izi:

- odziwa malamulo, osati ongolankhula komanso tiligwiritse ntchito chidziwitso kumapeto, malamulo;

- chizolowezi, molondola kwambiri, mapangidwe paubwenzi chilamulo, kodi tiyenera inamva khalidwe yovomerezeka komanso omvera malamulo;

- luso la munthu muyika mumachitidwe nzeru zawo m'munda wa chilamulo, luso kuteteza ufulu wawo ndi kumasulika, popanda kuswa lamulo.

chilungamo

Chilungamo - ndi kugwirizana inextricable pakati pa anthu, munthu komanso chikhalidwe malamulo. Bwino ndi kutsutsa, zofuna ndi chiyembekezo mu dera la chilamulo, kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zosangalatsa. Culture zachokera kwathunthu pa kutsitsimuka malamulo, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Malamulo kuzindikira - ndi maganizo malamulo, ndi, kuthekera kwa munthu kudziwa malo awo mu "dziko" ufulu wosankha awo khalidwe.

Ntchito ya chilungamo

1. chidziwitso. Izi kuzindikira zotsatira anthu ndi malamulo ubale malamulo ambiri.

2. Lounikira. Ndi mapangidwe maganizo osiyanasiyana pankhani ya malamulo ndi mfundo za m'dera malamulo. Pamaziko a maganizo munthu aliyense amanga mtima wake zoipa kapena zabwino mfundo zina ndi chilamulo chonse.

3. zolimbana. Ndi kumvetsa wathunthu ndi kumanga chitsanzo cha khalidwe ndi chilamulo pano.

Mapangidwe chikhalidwe malamulo

Lamulo akhoza kukwaniritsa limene anthu ambiri otukuka chilungamo, kotero limodzi la ntchito yaikulu ya boma lililonse - maphunziro chifukwa cha zochita zawo kwa nzika zonse. Kuti kuukitsa chikhalidwe malamulo - ndi imodzi mwa miyeso yabwino kwambiri kupewa kupanda ndi upandu.

maphunziro malamulo zikuphatikizapo zotsatira mwadongosolo pa kuzunza anthu, kupanga chikhalidwe cha khalidwe la membala aliyense wa anthu. Ndipo zimatheka kudzera zotsatirazi:

1. Malamulo maphunziro. Akamanena za njira ndi kuuza nzika iliyonse nzeru zonse anasonkhanitsa anthu mu munda ubale malamulo. Kuphunzitsa munthu aliyense kuteteza ufulu wawo kuti amusiyitse kulakwila lamulo, kupanga maganizo abwino kwa lamulo. Mwachibadwa, aliyense nzika ayenera kukhala munthu njira. Maphunziro amachitika sukulu, sukulu zasekondale ndi lalitali, pophunzitsa semina.

2. kulimbikitsa Zamalamulo ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi maphunziro. Wina kutsatira malamulo kokha pamaziko kuti ali kumvetsa zinthu chilamulo ndi malamulo. Makhalidwe ena a chilungamo m'pofunika kuphunzitsa mosalekeza kudzera nkhani ndi zochitika zapadera malonda. Mwachibadwa, si lamulo ndi nzika iliyonse ya malamulo a chidziwitso pa mlingo wa loya akukumana ndizosowa kudziwa lililonse.

3. Malamulo Tsatani. Ngakhale kuti boma limagwiritsa ntchito pa mabodza ndipo maphunziro, kwezani kuzindikira nzika zawo, popanda opareshoni yachibadwa ya mabwalo amilandu apolisi ndi lamulo Kukwanilitsa alonda chikhalidwe malamulo a anthu sikudzakhala mu boma. nzika iliyonse adzachita chimodzimodzi monga dongosolo malamulo ndi boma. Ngati akuluakulu a boma kuti circumvent lamulo, ndiye nzika adzayesa ntchito mozungulira icho.

Malamulo mchitidwe ku maziko a dziko la chiweruzo - ndi kuwonongedwa kwa bureaucracy ndi ziphuphu.

4. Self-maphunziro. Osati mu malo otsiriza kudziletsa maphunziro. Ngati nzika akazindikira kuti ali ndi kutsatira chilamulo, kuthana ndi kukwera kwa madzi a maphunziro, ndi kupewa lalikulu la zinthu zophwanya malamulo. mzere khalidwe limeneli ayenera kutsatira osati kwa ochiritsa malamulo, komanso onse nzika za dziko.

Komanso, mapangidwe makhalidwe moyo ndi chikhalidwe ndi "kusintha" a anthu a - ichi ndi chikhalidwe malamulo a umunthu. Zinthu zokhudza mapangidwe chikhalidwe:

- Kupha mfundo ya "zonse ndi zotheka, kuti sikoletsedwa";

- kuonjezera Luso la akuluakulu aboma, paliponse;

- zothandiza kukhazikitsa ulamuliro oyendetsera dziko - lamulo;

- kulimbikitsa khalidwe labwino osati kudzera Chilango miyeso yaikulu olakwa.

Komanso nzika ayenera kumvetsa kuti onse mabungwe malamulo ndi boma umalimbana kukwanilitsidwa kwa ufulu wawo chitetezo awo. Ndipo ili ndi udindo mwachindunji ya boma.

Socialization munthu m'munda wa chilamulo

Chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira mtengo ndi socialization mlandu wa munthu. Socialization mwa nzeru za anthu ndi kuwerenga maganizo amakuona ngati mapangidwe umunthu chitukuko komanso mapangidwe akamanena zokhudza nzika iliyonse. Malamulo socialization - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za socialization ambiri.

Zigawo za chikhalidwe malamulo ndi socialization ali akuyendera m'njira zotsatirazi:

- mapangidwe ubale wa umunthu anthu ena;

- khalidwe la nzika ambiri chikhalidwe ndi ubale wake ndi boma;

- maganizo yekha.

Mapangidwe socialization malamulo amafuna kusanthula nthawi zonse, osati zinthu zabwino. Nkofunika kuti zigawo aliyense wa kumanja kungasokoneze pa adzadziwire munthu. Zingakhale molondola chiphunzitso cha malamulo ena a malamulo, machitidwe otsutsana, zovuta ndi buku acquis. Zonsezi zingachititse chakuti munthu amayamba ntchito sakonda, zina, akhoza kupita kukafika zachiwawa. Ndiyeno izo zimachitika kuti socialization ndi chilungamo - uwu si ponseponse anthu a anthu, ndi chifukwa cha kukwera upandu ndi kusamvera.

Zochita boma ayenera mosalekeza zosinthika zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi mfundo za chilengedwe chikhalidwe, atengere iwo zenizeni panopa, ndi kuyesetsa kulimbikitsa demokalase anthu ndi zizindikiro zonse za anthu ndi chilungamo.

wolongosoka: lingaliro, zizindikiro zoyimira

wolongosoka amaliona monga chotero, chomwe kwathunthu complies ndi obadwa m'dziko makamaka mfundo. Iwo ziyenela kuvomelezedwa ndi mamembala onse a anthu ndi kukhala zothandiza chikhalidwe. Tiyeni tiyese kusiyanitsa phindu ndipo umayenda. Mwachitsanzo, simungathe kupita kafukufuku wa - izi ndi zomveka ndithu, koma ndi zopanda phindu kwa anthu.

Zizindikiro za kumbali ya zochita

1. kunja, khalidwe ndi m'zochita zawo kapena kuchotsa, chinthu chachikulu - kuti anali mu chimango cha zimene amaloledwa.

2. amachita mwalamulo zogwirizana, mwachitsanzo kumatanthauza zotsatira malamulo.

3. amavala khalidwe sadziwa.

4. boma amalimbikitsidwa ndi zololera ndi mfundo za malamulo.

Malinga ndi kufunika chikhalidwe cha khalidwe labwino kungakhale:

• koyenera kwa anthu onse (mwachitsanzo, kufunika kunkhondo);
• zabwino boma (mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku);
• yolondola, ie, zomwe angathe ndipo anaweruzidwa mamembala a anthu, koma ndi chovomerezeka malinga ndi malamulo a malamulo (mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya anthu opembedza).

wolongosoka zimagawidwa ndi zochokera ntchito zokhudza:

1. umoyo-yogwira khalidwe - ndi zochita za anthu, kwathunthu chikugwirizana ndi ponseponse ya malamulo. ufulu chinthu akudziwa ndi kulandira malamulo alipo ndi kuti.

2. conformist. Zimenezi wa nzika, osati zochokera zikhulupiriro zawo, koma mfundo yakuti "aliyense amachita izo."

3. Khalidwe mmphepete. Iwo yodziwika ndi yakuti munthu ayenera kukhala zofunikira za malamulo alipo yekha kuopsezedwa kapena duress. Mwamsanga pamene ulamuliro mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba ndi boma, khalidwe mmphepete amakhala pomwepo popenyana ndi n'kosaloleka.

Civil ndi malamulo chikhalidwe: zinthu zinathandiza

Kumene, chikhalidwe malamulo - ndi multilayered ndi chidwi chodabwitsa. Koma n'zosatheka popanda chikhalidwe boma. Civil ndi malamulo chikhalidwe cha munthu ali inextricably zogwirizana ndi sangaonekerenso popanda mzake.

Civic chikhalidwe - ndi khalidwe la munthu, womwenso ena ulemu, kukonda dziko lakwawo, kulolerana a mitundu ndi zipembedzo zina. Civil udindo pa wokha kanthu kena koma chifukwa cha maphunziro ku dera malamulo, ndale ndiponso makhalidwe abwino. Ndizosowa chikhalidwe woganizirana zimayikidwa mu banja ndi sukulu. Kusukulu, ana kuphunzira ndizosowa boma ndi malamulo, chimango boma mapangidwe maulamuliro, ufulu ndi udindo wa anthu ndi boma. Mu mapangidwe ndi udindo pa malamulo ndipo n'zofunika kwambiri ndi banja lawo ku maganizo a anthu ndi maganizo a makolo ndi ana yozungulira zokhudza anthu.

Chibwenzi, si mayiko onse akhoza kudzitama osachepera pafupifupi mlingo wa chikhalidwe malamulo a anthu, ndipo anthu ambiri amene sanali sakupezeka malamulo chikhalidwe cha anthu, umboni ndi mkulu mlingo wa upandu. Monga ulamuliro, vuto ndi kupanda kugula kwa malamulo, Kukwezeleza osauka ndi kusowa pafupifupi kufunitsitsa kwa boma kulera mlingo wa chikhalidwe boma ndi malamulo, kuchita anthu ntchito malamulo.