Chipilala cha Cyril ndi Methodius ku Moscow ndi ku Murmansk: mbiri ndi chithunzi

Atafika kudziko la Aslavic ndi gulu lachipembedzo, adapanga chikhalidwe chachikulu kuti apange chikhalidwe ndi sayansi, zomwe sizingatheke kwambiri - anapanga zilembo zakale za chi Slavonic. Iwo ndi abale, Cyril ndi Methodius. Zikumbutso zawo zimakhala ku Russia konse komanso m'mizinda ya mayiko omwe kale anali a USSR: Khanty-Mansiysk, Samara, Sevastopol, Odessa, Kiev, Murmansk ndi Moscow. Chaka chilichonse, amakhala ambiri. Chifukwa chiyani?

Mbiri yakale

Zochitika izi zinayamba m'chaka cha mazana asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu ziwiri, pamene Prince Rostislav anatumiza ndi amithenga ake kuti apite ku maiko a Aroma, kuti anthu ounikiridwa athe kutumizidwa kuti akatenge mawu a Mulungu ku Moravia (Bulgaria).

Ntchito imeneyi inapatsidwa kwa abale - Methodius ndi Cyril. Iwo anali otchuka chifukwa cha maphunziro, nzeru ndi ntchito zabwino zachikhristu.

Abale anabadwira m'banja la wantchito, mutu wa Thessaloniki.

Cyril anali wamng'ono kuposa Methodius. Anaphunzira mwaulemerero wa Constantinople, anali wamphamvu mu sayansi, ndipo University of Magnaurus anamutengera kumakoma ake pophunzitsa. Anapangidwanso kukhala mphunzitsi kwa Mfumu yachinyamata Michael the Third. Ngakhale dzina loti dzina la Cyril linali - "filosofi".

Mkulu wa abale asanu ndi awiriwo - Methodius anali muutumiki wa usilikali, amene adatsata atate wake. Pafupifupi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri adayang'anira dera limodzi la Aslavic, ndipo atachoka ku nyumba ya amonke, koma onse adathandizira achinyamata.

Atafika ku Moravia pamodzi ndi ophunzira, abale, kapena kuti Cyril, anapanga zilembo za Chilakolako Chakale. Malingana ndi iye, amzanga amasulira mabuku akulu achikhristu kuchokera ku Greek.

Ntchito zambiri zinkachitika, koma tchalitchi cha Roma sichinayamikire ntchito ya abale, kutanthauzira zinenero zitatu zokhazokha chifukwa cha mawu enieni a Mulungu - Chiyuda, Chigiriki, Chilatini.

Atabwerera ku Rome, Cyril anagonjetsa matenda aakulu, ndipo patatha mwezi ndi theka anamwalira. Mchimwene wake anachoka ku Moravia. Kumeneko adatumikira moyo wake wonse kuti apindule ndi chidziwitso ndi Orthodoxy.

Mu zaka mazana asanu ndi atatu kudza makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi chimodzi Methodius anapeza chilolezo chomwecho kuti awerenge maulaliki mu chinenero cha Slavonic ndikuwamasulira mu Chipangano Chakale.

Kufotokozera

Chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius ku Moscow ndi chikumbutso. Icho chimapangidwa ndi chovala ndi ziboliboli ziwiri - abale amaima palimodzi mu kukula kwathunthu. Mu manja a Methodius ndi Cyril muli ndi zikhumbo zazikulu za Orthodoxy - mtanda ndi Malemba Opatulika. Chikumbutsocho chisanakhale ndi nyali ndi moto wosatha wosatha.

Pazitalizi pamakhala mawu akuti: "Kwa Oyera Oyera-kwa-Atumwi ku Slavonic Woyamba Methodius ndi Cyril." Russia wokondwa. " Zalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo zakale za Slavic. Olemba zinenero zamakono apezapo zolakwa zisanu zagalama!

Ali kuti?

Chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius ku Moscow chinatsegulidwa mu 1992. Chochitikacho chinapangidwira nthawi ya tchuthi yopatulira ku Tsiku la Kulemba ndi Chikhalidwe cha Slavic (pa 24 pa May ndi tsiku la kukumbukira kwa Cyril).

Chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius chimayima pakhomo la Ilinsky Square. Poyamba, panali Hall of Fame kumene makampani ogulitsa mafakitale a dera la Moscow anaika zithunzi za anthu awo apamwamba m'nthaŵi za Soviet.

Gawoli la pakilo linatchulidwanso, tsopano limatchedwa Square Slavyanskaya.

Miyambo

Chaka chilichonse, chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius ku Moscow ndicho chiyambi cha iwo omwe amakondwerera tchuthi, opatulira chikhalidwe cha Aslavic ndi kulemba. Pansi pamtunda, amalankhula momveka bwino, amabweretsa maluwa.

Mosiyana ndi malo a Asilavo amaimira Mpingo wa Oyera Mtima onse ku Kulishki, choncho nthawi zina gulu lachipembedzo limadutsa muzitsulo, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zophiphiritsira.

Alendo ambiri amapanga zithunzi zokongola pano - chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius chimatchula zochitika za likulu.

Chikumbutso ku Muransk: mbiri

Chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius ku Moscow chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwake ndicho chifukwa cha ntchito yogwira ntchito ya olemba a Murmansk.

Anali kumeneko, ku Arctic, kuyambira mu 1986 adayamba kukondwerera tsiku lachilembo cha Slavic ndi chikhalidwe. Patapita kanthawi, tsikuli linaperekedwa poyera ndikuyamba kusangalala m'dziko lonseli.

Mu 1988, gulu lina la olemba Soviet linafika ku Bulgaria ku boma. Kumeneko, lingalirolo linayambira - kuyika chipilala kwa olemba a zilembo za Slavic ku Murmansk. Sikuti ndikuziyika, koma ndikuzipereka ngati chizindikiro choyamikira kwa anthu okhala mumzindawo chifukwa cha chitsitsimutso cha miyambo imeneyi ku Russia.

Murmansk: chikumbutso cha Cyril ndi Methodius

Chikumbutso mumzinda uno ndendende chimabwereza chikumbutso, chomwe chili ku Sofia pakhomo la National Library.

Zithunzinzi za Cyril ndi Methodius zimatayidwa ku bronze. Amayima pamtunda wa konkire. Pansi pa zonse zomwe zilipo pali maziko olimba, zimapangidwa ndi mbale khumi ndi ziwiri za granite.

Mpaka lero, zithunzi zojambulidwa za Kuunika sizinafikire. Koma wolemba (Vladimir Ginovski) analenga laconic ndi zazikulu zithunzi. Cyril ndi mnyamata yemwe ali ndi nkhope yoonda, yauzimu. Dzanja lake liri ndi nthenga. Methodius - munthu wokhwima maganizo ndi maso amphamvu ndi anzeru, m'dzanja lake Malemba Opatulika. Onse avala zovala za amonke a nthawi yawo, m'manja mwawo ali ndi mpukutu ndi chiyambi cha zilembo za Slavic. Chophimba chachitsulocho chinapangidwa ndi wolemba woyambirira.

Chikumbutsocho chinadzipatulira ndi Mtumiki Wake Wachiyero wa Bulgaria Maxim pa Tsiku la Ufulu wa Bulgaria (May 3, 1990). Pambuyo pa mwambo wopatulira, chikumbutso kwa ounikira Cyril ndi Methodius chinaperekedweratu kwa oimira mzinda wa Murmansk.

Galimoto, yomwe inkanyamula chipilalacho mamita asanu ndi limodzi, inagonjetsa makilomita zikwi zinai. Ali panjira, ophunzira pamodzi ndi katundu wamtengo wapatali anapita ku mizinda yotchedwa Slavic monga Varna, Odessa, Kiev, Minsk, Novgorod, Petrozavodsk. Black Sea inali pamtunda.

Ndipo pa Meyi makumi awiri mphambu ziwiri za chaka chomwecho, malo apafupi ndi nyumba yomasulira ya sayansi ya m'dera la Murmansk adalengezedwa momveka bwino za kutulukira kwa chombo chachikulu ichi.

M'kati mwake mulibe chipilala chokhachokha, komanso malo ochitira masewera kutsogolo kwake, okongoletsedwa ndi zidutswa za miyala. Dera lomwelo palokha limapangidwa ndi zolemba zoyera za granite. Koma sizo zonse. Mu mapulani a okonza mapulani, kubwezeretsa chovalacho, kuchimangira ndi mwala wopangidwa ndi monolithic, umene uyenera kukongoletsa ndi mabotolo angapo kukhala yokongoletsa ndi makalata a kalembedwe ka Chilavoniki.