Comedy m'mabuku - ndi mtundu wa sewero multivariate

Pamodzi amatchedwa ntchito sewero amene anafuna siteji. Kuyambira nkhani, iwo amasiyana kuti kukhalapo kwa wolemba nkomwe anamva ndi kumanga pa kukambirana.

Polemba chinenero zili mabuku

Aliyense mogometsa ndi mbiri ndi kukhala mtundu. Njirayi imatchedwa mtundu wanyimbo (ku mtundu wanyimbo French - mtundu, mitundu). Mokhudzana zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya mabuku angatchedwe zinayi zofunika: a m'nyimbo ndi ndakatulo, ndi epic mwamphamvu.

• Choyamba, monga ulamuliro, ndi ntchito ndakatulo ya otchedwa mitundu yaing'ono: ndakatulo, elegies, sonnets, songs, etc.
• Ndakatulo mtundu wanyimbo zikuphatikizapo m'Chiarabu ndi ndakatulo, i.e. mawonekedwe kwambiri.
• zitsanzo Nkhani (kuyambira ndi kutha buku nkhani) zikupereka chitsanzo epics.
• Drama mtundu wanyimbo ukufanizidwa tsoka, masewero ndi sewero lanthabwala.

Comedy mabuku Russian, ndipo osati Russian, anayamba mwakhama m'ma XVIII. Komabe, ankaona otsika wobadwa poyerekeza ndi epic ndi matsoka.

Comedy monga mtundu wanyimbo zolembalemba

The mankhwala a dongosolo lino ali ngati sewero, ena otchulidwa kapena zinthu ziti kwake yachilendo kapena grotesque. Monga ulamuliro, izo kudzera kuseka, nthabwala, Zotengera kawirikawiri chinachake mlandu, kaya wachiwiri anthu kapena mbali yonyansa wa moyo.

Comedy mu mabuku - zimatsutsana ndi tsokalo, likulu la zomwe ndithu anamanga nkhondo insoluble. Ndipo chikhalidwe wolemekezeka ndi lalitali musankhepo fateful, nthawizina mtengo wa moyo. The sewero lanthabwala ndi zosiyana: khalidwe lake nditaona ndi oseketsa, ndi zinthu zimene iye akuona kuti, palibe zochepa chotheka. Kusiyana kumeneku adanyamuka masiku amakedzana.

Kenako, m'nyengo ya classicism, Yehova waliteteza. Zimphona akuonetsedwa pa mfundo za makhalidwe abwino a mafumu ndi anthu wamba. Komabe, cholinga - kuphunzitsa, kunyoza zovuta - anapereka chokha sewero lanthabwala mu mabuku. tanthauzo ake mbali yaikulu anapatsidwa ndi Aristotle. Iye anapita chakuti anthu chabwino kapena choipa, osiyana ndi mzake, kapena wachiwiri kapena ukoma, chifukwa koipa ali kusonyeza mu sewero lanthabwala a. Ndipo tsokalo cholinga kusonyeza amene ali bwino kuposa alipo mu moyo weniweniwo.

Mitundu ya comedies mu mabuku

Mokondwera mtundu wanyimbo kwambiri, iwonso, ali mitundu yambiri. Comedy mu mabuku - kumakhalanso farce, ndi farce. Ndi chikhalidwe cha chifaniziro zikhoza kugawidwa mitundu ingapo: a sitcom ndi sewero lanthabwala a ulemu.

Farce, monga mtundu uwu wa mtundu wanyimbo mawonekedwe kwambiri, n'zosavuta gawo kanthu, ali ndi intrigue chidwi. Ndi malo aakulu analigawira couplets kuimba ndi kuvina.

Fars komanso amavala kuwala, ankasewera chikhalidwe. kusuntha wake limodzi ndi zotsatira kunja azithunzithunzi, nthawi zambiri mokomera kukoma akhakula.

Sitcom chimasiyanitsa yomanga ake akunja a azithunzithunzi, pa zotsatira za zimene ndi gwero choseketsa zosokoneza kapena osokoneza zochitika. Zitsanzo chidwi kwambiri pa ntchito zimenezi ndi "The Comedy cha Zolakwa" ndi Shakespeare ndi "Ukwati wa Figaro" ndi Beaumarchais.

ntchito kwambiri, amene ndi gwero la nthabwala makhalidwe zoseketsa, kapena ena akukokomeza makhalidwe a m'nkhaniyi, zolakwika, kupunduka akhoza zimachitika kwa sewero lanthabwala a ulemu. Classic zitsanzo za masewero amenewa - "Tartuffe" ndi Jean-Baptiste Moliere a "ankaweta wa Shrew" ndi William Shakespeare.

Zitsanzo mu sewero lanthabwala mabuku

polemba chinenero ichi ndi chibadidwe mbali zonse Belles Lettres yakale masiku ano. A chitukuko wapadera anali Russian sewero lanthabwala. Mu mabuku izo ntchito chakale ndi Di Fonvizin ( "Oaf", "kapitawo"), AS Griboyedov ( "Tsoka kwa nzeru"), NV Gogol ( "osewera", "Inspector", "Ukwati"). Dziwani kuti masewero awo, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa nthabwala ndipo ngakhale chiwembu kwambiri, AN Ostrovsky ndi AP Chekhov otchedwa comedies.

Mu zaka zapitazo pakukhala kwa sewero lanthabwala tingachipeze powerenga kusewera analengedwa ndi vv Mayakovsky - "The m'nyumba mwawo muli nsikidzi" ndi "Bath". Iwo angatchedwe Pantchito za Zotengera chikhalidwe.

wotchuka kwambiri oseketsa mu 1920-1930, anali V. Shkvarkin. masewero ake "amafotokozera zoipa", "mlendo mwana" mofunitsitsa ankachitika m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana.

Ambiri sewero lanthabwala Soviet olemba akhala anajambula. Choncho, malinga ndi mankhwala Rozov inajambulidwa "Ndikusangalala" wakuti "phokoso" Tsiku.

Pomaliza

Ndithu ambiri ndi comedies gulu zochokera chiwembu kufanizitsa. Tikhoza kunena kuti sewero lanthabwala mu mabuku - ndi mtundu multivariate la sewero.

Mwachitsanzo, zotsatirazi otchulidwa nkhani akhoza kuwasiyanitsa mu mtundu uwu:

• zoweta sewero lanthabwala. Mwachitsanzo - Moliere a "Georges Dandin", "Ukwati" NV Gogol;
• chikondi (P. Calderón "yekha m'ndende yake," Arbuzov "zachikale Comedy");
• amunamuna (E. Rostand "Sirano De Berzherak" ndi G. Gorin "Mpaka");
• fabulously wophiphiritsa, amene ali "akhumi Night" ndi William Shakespeare, kapena "mthunzi" ndi E. Schwartz.

Nthawi zonse chidwi kucheza ndi moyo sewero lanthabwala tsiku ndi tsiku, ali ndi mawonetseredwe negative. Kuthana nawo ankatchedwa kuseka, zoopseza oseketsa ndi opanda chifundo.