Convection chodabwitsa ndi zitsanzo convection

Ngati dzanja kubweretsa mababu chinathandiza kapena kanjedza anaika pa mbale otentha, wina akhoza kumva kayendedwe wa utuluke ofunda mpweya. Zotsatira yomweyo zingaoneke pamene oscillation pepala pepala pamwamba pa ndi lawi lotseguka. zimakhudza anafotokoza ndi convection.

Kodi?

Maziko a chodabwitsa convection likukula nkhani ozizira kwambiri kukhudzana ndi misa otentha. Izi zikachitika, thunthu kwa usavutike wotaya osalimba ndipo opepuka kuposa afotokoze ozizira. Ambiri ndendende zodabwitsazi khalidwe limafanana ndi kayendedwe ka fluxes kutentha Kutentha madzi.

Maselo zoyenda mbali zosiyana mchikakamizo cha kutentha - ichi chiri chimodzimodzi chimene ndi maziko convection. Poizoni conduction ndi kuchita zoterezi, koma ikukhudzana kwenikweni kusintha kutentha mu zolimba.

Zitsanzo chidwi convection - kayendedwe ka mpweya otentha pakati pa chipinda ndi zipangizo Kutentha pamene utuluke mkangano kusuntha kwa denga ndipo mpweya ozizira limagwa pansi padziko. N'chifukwa chake pamene Kutentha mpweya wa chipinda chimaonekadi otentha kuposa mmunsi mwa chipinda.

Archimedes malamulo, ndiponso kufalikira matenthedwe ya thupi

Pofuna kumvetsa ndi convection zachilengedwe, ndondomeko ndi chokwanila tione chitsanzo cha lamulo la Archimedes ndi chodabwitsa cha kukula kwa matupi mchikakamizo cheza matenthedwe. Motero, monga mwa chilamulo, ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha kumawonjezera mabuku ofunikira a madzi. The madzi mkangano pansi muli atagona pamwamba, pamene chinyezi kachulukidwe wamkulu, motero, anawamvera pansipa. Pa nkhani ya magetsi kuchokera pamwamba ndi madzimadzi zochepa wandiweyani tidzakhalabe malo, mu nkhani iyi, chodabwitsa sadzafika.

Zikamera ndi maganizo

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti "convection" anali bungwe la English wasayansi William Prut kumbuyo mu 1834. Izo ntchito pofotokoza kayendedwe ka misa matenthedwe mu mkangano, kusunthira madzi.

Woyamba ongolankhula maphunziro a chodabwitsa convection anayamba yekha mu 1916. Pa zatsopano chinapezeka kuti kusinthika kuchokera ku mayamwidwe kuti convection mu madzi pansi-usavutike kumachitika pamene ena mfundo yovuta kutentha. Kenako mtengo analandira tanthauzo la 'chiwerengero cha Roel. " Chinatchedwa choncho ulemu ofufuza za nawo mu phunziroli ake. Zotsatira experimental asiya kufotokoza kayendedwe ka otaya kutentha mchikakamizo cha mphamvu Archimedes.

mitundu convection

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zochitika anafotokozedwa ndi ife - zachilengedwe kukhonda convection. CHITSANZO kusuntha mpweya utuluke otentha ndi ozizira pakati pa chipinda ndi yabwino yodziwika ya masoka njira convection. Ponena yokakamiza, n'zotheka kusunga madzi ndi oyambitsa supuni, mpope kapena stirrer.

Convection sizingatheke pa Kutentha kwa zolimba. Onse vuto mokwanira amphamvu mwagwirizana kukopa kwa oscillation wa particulates. Chifukwa, ndi Kutentha matupi Chomangika chiyani osadzuka convection, cheza. Matenthedwe madutsidwe m'malo zinthuzo mu matupi amenewa ndi facilitates kulanda mphamvu matenthedwe.

mitundu osiyana Machitidwe otchedwa capillary convection. Ndondomeko kumachitika pamene kutentha amasintha pa otaya madzimadzi kupyolera mu mipope. M'mikhalidwe achilengedwe, mtengo wa convection amenewa pamodzi ndi zachilengedwe kukhonda ndi zonyozeka kwambiri. Komabe, mu malo luso capillary convection, cheza ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe wa zipangizo zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale ofooka convective mwaulesi mu weightlessness kumabweretsa mavuto ndikukhazikitsa mavuto ena luso.

Convection mu zigawo kutumphuka dziko lapansi

njira Convection ali inextricably zogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a chirengedwe cha zinthu gaseous mu makulidwe a matanthwe a. Azichitira lonse mungathe kukhala m'dera wopangidwa mwa zigawo zingapo concentric. Pakati ndi yaikulu otentha pachimake, omwe ndi mkulu-kachulukidwe slurry okhala chitsulo, faifi tambala ndi zitsulo zina.

Ozungulira zigawo za pakati Dziko Lapansi ndi lithosphere ndi theka-madzi m'malaya. Wosanjikiza chapamwamba lonse ndi mwachindunji kutumphuka. Lithosphere anapanga mbale osiyana amene ali mfulu zoyenda, kuyendera pamwamba pa chovala madzi. Pa m'goli mbali Kutentha chovala zosiyanasiyana ndi miyala, amene zosiyanasiyana ndi osalimba osiyana, mapangidwe mafunde convective. Zinali mchikakamizo cha utuluke ngati pali kusintha achilengedwe a bedi nyanja ndiponso kayendedwe ka m'maiko.

Kusiyana kwa convection kutentha conduction

Pansi madutsidwe matenthedwe amatanthauza luso matupi kuti kulanda thupi kutentha kudzera chisonyezo cha mankhwala a atomiki ndi maselo. Zitsulo zinthu kwambiri kutentha akuwauza, kuyambira mamolekyulu awo ali kukhudzana osasweka ndi mzake. Mosiyana, volatiles gaseous ndi protrude ochititsa osauka kutentha.

Kodi convection? Zakuthambo ndondomeko zachokera kulanda kutentha chifukwa kayendedwe ufulu wa zinthu misa maselo. Nawonso madutsidwe matenthedwe ndi kawiri-kawiri kulanda mphamvu pakati pa particles constituent ya thupi. Komabe, chimodzi ndi ndondomeko zina sizingatheke popanda pamaso pa nkhani particulate.

zitsanzo zochitika

Losavuta kwambiri komanso osavuta kumva chitsanzo cha convection atha kutumikira ngati ndondomeko ntchito ya firiji wamba. Kufalitsidwa kwa utakhazikika refrigerant mpweya kudzera mapaipi a chipinda refrigerating amachepetsa mpweya zigawo chapamwamba kutentha. Choncho, m'malo mwa otaya kutentha, kuzizira kumira, potero yozizira mankhwala.

Ili pa gulu kumbuyo zokhudza firiji zimabweretsa grating zimene zimalimbikitsa achire mpweya otentha mu M'badwo unit kompresa pa psinjika mpweya. Yozizira latisi komanso zochokera njira convective. Pachifukwa ichi ali osavomerezeka zotere malo kumbuyo firiji. Only mu nkhani iyi, kuzirala zichitike mosavuta.

Zitsanzo zina za convection Tingaone pomvera chodabwitsa zachilengedwe monga kayendedwe mphepo. Mkangano youma pa maiko ndi utakhazikika pa mtunda ndi zinthu kwambiri, utuluke mpweya anayamba aithamangitse mzake, imbaenda m'gulu lawo, ndi kayendedwe ka madzi ndi mphamvu.

Pa convection womangidwa kuthekera kuuluka mbalame ndi gliders. Zochepa wandiweyani ndi otentha misa mpweya ndi Kutentha m'goli pa padziko lapansi kutsogolera mapangidwe utuluke akwera kuti facilitates ndondomeko ya steaming. Pofuna kuthetsa mtunda pazipita popanda khama ndi mphamvu mbalame ayenera luso kupeza utuluke izi.

zitsanzo zabwino za convection - mapangidwe utsi mu chimneys ndi zimaphala chiphala. Kusunthira mmwamba utsi akuchokera kutentha ake apamwamba m'munsi kachulukidwe poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe. Pa yozizira utsi pang'onopang'ono zikukhazikitsa mu mlengalenga m'munsi. Pachifukwa ichi, mapaipi mafakitale, imene pali watulutsa zinthu zoipa m'mlengalenga, kukhala kotheka mkulu.

Zitsanzo ambiri convection mu Nature and Technology

Pakati mophweka kwambiri, zitsanzo mosavuta N'zomveka kuti zingaoneke mu chikhalidwe, tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zipangizo zamakono, ayenera utoto

• kayendedwe ka mpweya umayenda pa ntchito ya radiators banja;
• mapangidwe ndi kayendedwe ka mitambo;
• ndondomeko mphepo kayendedwe, chakum'mawa ndi mphepo;
• Earth kusamutsidwa tectonic mbale;
• Zomwe zimalambira gassing ufulu.

kuphika

Zambiri, chodabwitsa convection kuzindikira mu katundu wamakono banja, makamaka ovens. Gasi convection nduna amalola kuphika zakudya zosiyanasiyana imodzi pa milingo osiyana pa kutentha osiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo amachotsedwa kwathunthu chisakanizo cha zokonda ndi fungo.

Kutentha mpweya mu uvuni miyambo zachokera burner wosakwatiwa, imbaenda yogawa ndi m'goli kutentha. Chifukwa kayendedwe cholinga cha otaya mpweya wotentha mwa wodzipereka zimakupiza mbale mu uvuni ndi convection zambiri yowutsa mudyo, bwino anaphika kupyolera. zipangizo zoterozo adzakhala kutenthetsa, potero kuchepetsa nthawi wofunikila kuphika.

Mwachibadwa, amayi amene kuphika mu uvuni kangapo pa chaka, banja chipangizo chamagetsi ndi convection ntchito sitinganene kuti luso zofunikira. Komabe, amene sangakhale popanda zatsopano zophikira, chipangizo chonchi zimangochitika singasiyanitsidwe ku khitchini.

Tikukhulupirira nkhani zokambidwa anali zothandiza inu. zabwino zonse!