Dziko reclamation

Land reclamation - kuipidwa ya miyeso luso, gulu ndi chuma umalimbana patsogolo nthaka, zinthu agro-nyengo hydrological kuukitsa mkulu kubwerera pa ntchito m'dzikomo, kuti apeze zokolola khola ndi mkulu mbewu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito reclamation kumathandiza kuti kusintha mu zovuta zinthu zachilengedwe (hydrological ndi nthaka) pa m'madera ambiri m'njira yoyenera kwa zinthuzo. Land reclamation amalola kulenga mulingo woyenera ikukhudzana mpweya, zinthu chakudya cha chitukuko cha nyama ndi zomera, komanso kukhala amadza zabwino pa chilengedwe ndi kumidzi.

ntchito reclamation anatchula ulimi ngalande za nthaka (ulimi wothirira), kuwunika mitsinje ndi pamwamba loyenda madzi, mpanda wosakhazikika zigwembe ndiponso mchenga lotayirira, kusintha kwambiri mipweya wa nthaka (saline gypsum ndi dothi liming acid), komanso kuchotsa dothi miyala. Reclamation ntchito zimathandiza kuwonjezera zokolola za chuma m'dziko, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha ulimi komanso patsogolo zokolola, ziweto forage m'munsi, limathandiza kuti chitukuko achinyontho latsopano kapena dziko chipululu.

Pali mitundu anayi reclamation: reclamation, agroforestry, kulturtehnicheskie reclamation, mankhwala dziko reclamation. Iwonso anawagawa mitundu.

Hydroland ndi ulimi wothirira, ngalande, ulamuliro chigumula, protivosolevoy, odana ndi kukokoloka, Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga.

Agroforestry kungakhale kukokoloka munda, msipu.

Kulturtehnicheskie reclamation dothi lagawidwa dziko kudula udzu, mitengo, hummocks Moss, stumps; kukonza miyala ndi zinthu zina; reclamation processing solonetzes; sanding, tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake, Plantage, earthing, glinovanie ndi tillage chachikulu; komanso ntchito zina.

Mitundu ya mankhwala reclamation ndi: gypsum, phosphorites, liming.

The chifukwa ambiri chogwirika wa reclamation amapereka ntchito zovuta zonse kapena zina mwa mitundu yake. Komanso, nchito zake zimadalira njira ntchito ndi ntchito kulturtehnicheskih. Zovuta dziko reclamation ntchito malo ena kudzadalira ntchito zaulimi (sayansi ya kulima, mbewu kasinthasintha, kusankha mitundu ndi mbewu) ndi mtundu wa chitukuko.

Pakuti chizindikiro mabacteria bwino chinyezi chatsanulidwa anaonetsetsa mwa lamulo lake amgwirizano. Kuzika izi machitidwe ngalande-moistening amene kuphatikiza dehumidification ndi ulimi wothirira, njira ya dewatering pamene mvula olemera ndi ulimi kasupe m'gulu chirimwe. Imodzi ndi machitidwe oterewa m'madera yothiriridwa, kumanga ngalande network amene salola ayambe amphamvu a pansi ndi ulamuliro wa dothi saline. dothi Acidic zagonjetsedwa kwa liming.

Land reclamation nyengo kumabweretsa zikuyenda bwino, makamaka m'madera louma, monga pa Reflux mu wosanjikiza pamwamba kumawonjezera chinyezi ndi (chifukwa evaporating zomera ndi chinyezi nthaka). Izi nayenso zimayambitsa akuponya kutentha ndi kumafeŵetsa zotsatira za chilala.

Kawirikawiri reclamation imakhudzanso masauzande mahekitala wa dziko. Mbali iyi imalimbikitsa kufunika kusankha dongosolo la ntchito reclamation pa sayansi, zomwe si zikuphatikizapo kungasokoneze chilengedwe ndiponso zinthu zake. Kuti akonze ntchito ya dziko reclamation ntchito pa gawo, choyamba kuchita zovuta miyala, topographic, geodesic, hydrological, climatological, Geo-botanical, nthaka, ndi maphunziro ena.