Dzungu Russian: ndemanga, ndondomeko, zithunzi. Zapadera za kukula

Dzungu ndi mbadwa ku South America ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi umodzi wa miyambo yakale kwambiri pa Dziko lapansi. Ndizothandiza komanso zosangalatsa kwa kukoma, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzamakono ndi mankhwala owerengeka kuyambira kale.

Dzungu: masamba kapena zipatso?

Zipatso za zomera izi zimatchedwa tykvino. Amaphatikizidwa ndi khungwa lolimba, limene lili ndi nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso yonyeketsa. Pakalipano, asayansi sanapeze yankho la mafunso awa: "Kodi dzungu - masamba kapena zipatso? Kapena mwinamwake ndi mabulosi? "Mogwirizana ndi tanthauzo la botan, squash ingazindikiridwe ngati chipatso kapena mabulosi. Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito malonda, amawoneka ngati masamba. Choncho, funso lokhala la zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba kapena zipatso zimatseguka.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Masiku ano, mitundu yambiri ya dzungu yakula. Amagawidwa m'magulu angapo ndipo amasiyana mu kukula, mtundu, kukoma kwa chipatso. Zambiri za maungu amapezeka (ndi chithunzi ndi kufotokozera) zitha kupezeka m'mabuku ambiri pazamasamba. Zipatso zake zikhoza kukhala zazikulu ndi zochepa, globular ndi zathyathyathya, zosalala ndi tuberous.

Mitundu yambiri: Acorn

Kawirikawiri dzungu uyu amatchedwa "acorn". Kunja, zipatso zake zazing'ono zimafanana ndi acorns. Peel ikhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wosiyana - kuchokera kubiri wobiriwira mpaka ku lalanje, komanso kuphatikiza mitundu iyi. Manyowa owoneka bwino a lalanje ali ndi kukoma kokoma komanso fungo lokoma.

Aport

Amayankhula pakati pa mitundu yakucha. Dzungu ndi pafupifupi kuzungulira, lalanje lonse. Chomeracho ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu (mpaka 7 kg). Orange-chikasu yamkati yamapiri ali ndi kukoma kokoma.

Spaghetti

Dzinalo la zosiyanasiyana limayankhula palokha. Pophika, thupi limakhala losiyana, lomwe limafanana kwambiri ndi spaghetti. Mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso ndi monga vwende. Poyamba iwo amajambula mu mtundu wobiriwira. Mukamakula mokwanira, mtundu wachikasu wa peel umapezeka.

Freckles

Zitsamba za mitundu yokololayi zimapereka zipatso zing'onozing'ono, osati oposa makilogalamu atatu. Iwo ali ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira chokhala ndi mawanga owoneka bwino. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yololera, yosungidwa bwino, yofunikira madzi okwanira. Thupi ndi lalanje-lachikasu, yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, lokoma, yokhala ndi peyala ya peyala.

Dziko

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya pakati. Zipatsozo ndizowoneka bwino, peel ndi yobiriwira. Kulemera kwawo sikuposa ma kilogalamu zisanu. Yamadzimadzi, zamkati a lalanje ndi okoma komanso okoma, ndi zonunkhira za vanila. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera chimapereka zokolola zazikulu kwambiri. Ndi wokongola chifukwa ikhoza kukula m'madera onse. Amasungira zokoma zawo mutatha kukolola kwa miyezi inayi.

Mitundu yayikulu

Izi ndi mitundu yodzichepetsa komanso yosasinthasintha. Kulemera kwa zipatso zina kumatha kufika makilogalamu 100.

Zachizoloŵezi

Mwina imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri. Zipatso zingakhale 25 kg kapena kuposa. Komabe, zipatso zabwino kwambiri zokoma: ndizokoma.

Gribovskaya Zima

Iyi ndi mitundu yochedwa yakucha. Zipatso zipse kwathunthu masiku 140 mutabzala. Chomeracho chakhala chalitali. Zipatsozi ndizomwe zimakhala zofiira, zofiirira, zolemera makilogalamu atatu.

Kuwala kofiira kapena wofiira thupi ndikumveka kukoma. Ndi yowutsa mudyo, yokoma kwambiri, yandiweyani. Zipatso zasungidwa bwino kwa miyezi isanu.

Zima zotsekemera

Poganizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dzungu (ndi chithunzi ndi kufotokozera), mlimi aliyense amasankha mitundu yambiri yokoma ndi yamtundu. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito Winter Sweet. Imeneyi ndi nyengo yochedwa kwambiri yomwe imakhala ndi zilonda zambiri. Zipatsozi zimakhala zochepa, zolemera makilogalamu 6. Nkhumba imagawidwa mu zigawo ndi zojambula mu mdima wakuda.

Thupi ndi lalanje, yowutsa mudyo komanso lokoma. Zosiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pa chakudya cha mwana ndi timadziti. Chomeracho chimalolera chilala bwino.

Thandizo

Mitundu yoyamba yakucha, ikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zowonjezera. Khungu loyera ndi lochepa kwambiri. Mnofu ndi wachikasu, osati wokoma kwambiri, koma wambiri wambiri. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kutsika (mpaka -2 ° C).

Wogulitsa

Kusankhidwa koyambirira koyambirira. Angakhale wamkulu m'madera osiyanasiyana. Zipatso pang'ono zimakhala zochepa, kuwala kwalanje, masekeli oposa 15 makilogalamu ndi yosalala makungwa. Thupi ndi lalanje, lamadzi. Kusungidwa kwa miyezi isanu.

Maswiti

Zina zosiyana-siyana zowerengera. Kukula bwino pa dothi lachonde. Zipatso zipse nthawi imodzi mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu, zolemera makilogalamu 2.5. Makungwawa ndi owoneka ofiirira ndi mawanga obiriwira. Manyowa ndi okoma, owala lalanje: crispy, wandiweyani, yowutsa mudyo. Lili ndi 1% carotene, mpaka 8% a shuga, vitamini C wambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimapereka zokolola zabwino.

Mwana

Mphungu yophika pakati. Zipatso zili ndi khungu la imvi, lopanda kanthu, lolemera masekeli atatu. Mtundu wa chikasu wokhutira thupi si wambiri wambiri, wokoma.

Mkazi wachi Russia

Kukwera koyamba kosiyanasiyana. Chipatsocho ndi chowala chalanje mu mtundu, chowoneka ngati pamwamba. Kulemera kwake kwa chipatso ndi pafupifupi ma kilogalamu imodzi. Mafuta okongola a lalanje ali ndi smelt wosasunthika wa vwende. Zosiyana ndi kuzizira zosagonjetsedwa, kulolera.

Mitundu ya Muscat

Maungu a mitundu iyi ali ndi kukoma kwabwino, amadziwika ndi moyo wautali wautali, koma zimakhala zovuta kukula ndi kusamalira. Kuonjezera apo, amakula bwino ndikubala chipatso kumadera akum'mwera. Zipatso zoterezi zikhoza kudyedwa yaiwisi. Ngakhale kuti ndi ofatsa komanso osadziwika bwino, nyengo yovuta kwambiri ingakhalenso wamkulu, koma izi zidzafuna mbande za dzungu. Zipatso zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pang'ono pang'ono: zifika kunyumba.

Batternat

Kunja, zipatso zazing'ono (zosapitirira 1 kg) zimafanana ndi peyala. Masamba ndi yowutsa lalanje, onunkhira ndi okoma. Katemera wotere akhoza kuphikidwa, kuphika, stewed, koma ndi bwino kudya yaiwisi.

Vitamini

Mitundu yochedwa yakucha ndi yaitali. Mitengo yobiriwira yobiriwira imakhala yolemera makilogalamu 6. Mnofu ndi wosakhwima, wokoma ndi wokoma (shuga 5-7%). Ali ndi beta-carotene yambiri, yothandiza kwambiri pamene idya yaiwisi, yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga juzi ndi chakudya cha mwana.

Inde, sitinakupatseni mitundu yonse ya maungu. Sizingatheke kuti tichite zimenezi, chifukwa lero zambiri zasindikizidwa. Pomaliza pa ndemanga yachiduleyi, tikufuna kufotokozera mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya dzungu, monga momwe alimi ambiri amachitira izi posankha chomera.

Ku sukulu zotere zimanyamula:

• Zing'onozing'ono.
• Atlant.
• Azure.
• Large-fruited.
• Sungani.
• Mkazi wachi Russia.

Pa kalasi yomalizira ndikufuna kukhala wochulukirapo, kuyambira chaka chiri chonse chimakhala chotchuka kwambiri.

Mkazi wachi Russia

Uwu ndi mtundu woyambirira: kuchokera pakangoyambira pansi pamtunda mpaka kuyambika kosavuta, sikudutsa masiku 105. Chomeracho chili ndi mbali 3-4. Kutalika kwakukulu kuli mamita atatu. Zipatso zikufanana ndi nsonga kapena nsalu ya mtundu wa lalanje wodzaza. Kulemera kwake sikudutsa ma kilogalamu imodzi. Thupi lamtundu wa lalanje ndi lokoma kwambiri, lachifundo.

Dzungu Russian ndi vwende kukoma, mkulu zokolola, yaitali shelum moyo ndi zabwino kukoma. Izi zosiyanasiyana ndizoyenera kulima ku Central region (kuphatikizapo Moscow dera). Dzungu cultivar Mkazi wa ku Russia ali ndi zipatso zobiriwira mu wolemera lalanje mtundu, ndi yosalala pamwamba. Mnofu ndi wachifundo komanso wowometsera kwambiri, wojambula mu lalanje.

Tikufika

Ambiri wamaluwa oyambirira amasangalatsidwa momwe angakulire dzungu kumunda. Kubzala dzungu kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi mbande. Dzungu Rossiyanka (ndemanga zatsimikiziranso izi) sizinso zosasamala. Kufesa mbewu kumapezeka mu May-June. Ndondomeko yofesa ndi yowonjezera - 60x60 masentimita ndi kuya kwake kwa osachepera 5 masentimita.

Kufesa mbewu kungatheke pokhapokha dothi litentha mpaka 12 ° C. Alimi omwe ali ndi zamasamba amadziwa kuti akufesa mbewu pa pepala ya polyethylene yomwe imafalikira panthaka, momwe kuli kofunikira kupanga zooneka ngati zofanana. Pamene zomera zikukula, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ziyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Njira imeneyi idzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kutentha kwa nthaka, zomwe zidzakhudzanso fructification ya dzungu.

Mkazi wina wa Russia wa dzungu amasankha bwino kutetezedwa ku madera a mphepo ndi nthaka yowirira, yonyowa ndi yosalala. Masiku awiri musanadzalemo, kukumba malo osankhidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nitrogen feteleza (20 g pa mita imodzi).

Mmera

Russian dzungu, ndemanga za wamaluwa amalola kuti izi zitsimikizire, zimapereka zokolola zoyambirira komanso zoyenerera ngati zidzalidwa ndi mbande zake. Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi dzungu kunja kwa njirayi? Poyamba, nkofunika kukula mbande kunyumba.

Kuti ukhale wathanzi ndi wamphamvu, gwiritsani ntchito miphika ya peat ndi mamita pafupifupi masentimita 15. Masiku ano malo okonzera thanzi amatha kugulitsidwa m'sitolo kapena okonzeka mosamala pamaziko a mtedza ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 4. Pakati pa malita khumi a nthaka, onjezerani 4-5 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, komanso potaziyamu mchere ndi superphosphate. Pambuyo poonekera masamba awiri enieni, mbande zikhoza kuikidwa pamalo otseguka.

Mavuto otentha

Kwa achinyamata kumera kwa dzungu la Russian dzungu, ngakhale ntchentche zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono zingathe kupha. Kwa chomeracho chinapangidwa bwino komanso chokhazikika, ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kwa mpweya sikuchepetse kupitirira +22 ° C. Pazikhalidwe zochepa, kukula kungachepetse, nthawi ya maluwa ndi mapangidwe omayambiriro adzasuntha.

Choncho, mphukira zazing'ono zimateteza motsutsana ndi kutentha kwamasinthasintha ndi kuvunda kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe pogwiritsa ntchito filimu kapena chophimba china.

Chisamaliro

Mukusamala sizimakhudza dzungu la Russia. Olima amalingaliro amavomereza kuti pa chitukuko cha zomera ndizofunikira ntchito zosavuta:

• Prishchipka mbali lashes ndi waukulu tsinde (pambuyo maonekedwe a zipatso zingapo);
• Kusamba nthawi zonse, kupalira ndi kumasula;
• Kupaka pamwamba.

Kuthirira

Russian dzungu limakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu kwambiri, yomwe imalowa mkati mwa nthaka ndi mamita atatu. Kuthirira chomeracho sikuyenera kuchepera kamodzi pa sabata. Kudiririra kumachitika ndi madzi otentha. Kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala madzi okwanira. Pa chomera chilichonse chinathira 4 malita.

Kuwetsa ayenera kuwonjezeka pa fruiting (masiku asanu ndi asanu). Mu August, kuthirira kudulidwa kuonetsetsa kuti zipatsozo zapeza shuga, ndipo zinapanga makungwa amphamvu.

Russian dzungu: ndemanga

Ambiri wamaluwa ndi alimi amati akhala atasiya nthawi yaitali kusankha mkazi wa ku Russia. Amakhutira kuti zipatso za mbewuzo ndi zazikulu, zosungidwa mutatha kukolola kwa nthawi yaitali, sizikusowa zosamalidwa bwino. Kuchokera ku ndemanga zina zimawonekeratu kuti anthu ayesa pafupifupi mitundu yonse yokoma kwambiri ya dzungu, koma ndi mkazi wa Chirasha amene adawapambana ndi kukoma kokongola ndi fungo lokoma.