Blackcurrant wakuda Vologda: mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana, chisamaliro, zokolola ndi ndemanga

Mwina kunyada kwa munthu aliyense wamaluwa ndi chiwerengero cha mbewu za zipatso ndi mabulosi pamalowa. Mwinamwake, aliyense kamodzi kamodzi anayesera kuti akule currant yakuda mmunda wake. Imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri imayesedwa ngati yakuda currant mitundu Vologda. Ndi nyengo yozizira, yolimbana ndi matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo. Ndipo kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa chipatso sikungatheke! Tiyeni tikulankhulana za momwe tingamerekerere currant yakuda Vologda, momwe tingasamalire ndi momwe tingakwaniritsire kukolola kwakukulu!

Kunyada kwa kubereka kwapakhomo

Vologda amatchedwa motere - kunyada kwa obereketsa. Mitundu imeneyi idapangidwa chifukwa chodutsa mitundu iwiri - Bredtorp ndi Yomveka mu Zonse Zachi Russia ndi Institute Technology. Olemba a black currant Vologda ndi Zarubin ndi VM Litvinova.

Chaka cha 1995 chinadziwika kuti Vologda anaphatikizidwa mu Register Register ya mitundu yovomerezeka yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera asanu a Russia - North-Western, Volga-Vyatka, Central, Middle Volga ndi Far East.

Black currant Vologda: kufotokoza

Mitundu yosiyanayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba cholimba, chomwe kutalika kwake kumafikira mamita 1.5. Mphukira za currant ndizolimba kwambiri. Masamba ali obiriwira kwambiri, omwe ndi obiriwira. Pa nthambi iliyonse ili ndi maburashi khumi, pafupifupi pa iliyonse - zipatso zopitirira 14 zonunkhira! Kulemera kwa fetus kamodzi kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira 1.4 mpaka 3 g. Kukoma kwawo ndi kokoma ndi kowawa. Anabzala zipatso zakuda currant Vologda panthawi yopitirira sizimatha, koma zimatha. Mwa njira, makilogalamu 100 a zipatso zophika amakhala pafupifupi 140 mg ya vitamini C! Zipatso zili ndi chilakolako chokwera kwambiri - 4.5 mfundo pazitali zisanu.

Ubwino wa Vologda

Waukulu mwayi wa currant wa zosiyanasiyana ndi amphamvu chitetezo chokwanira. Izi zimapangitsa Vologda kusintha mofanana ndi nyengo ya madera onse a dzikoli. Komanso, shrubbery ili yabwino yozizira hardiness, imatenga kutentha mpaka madigiri -30! Winanso mwayi wakuda currant mabulosi akuda Vologda - zokolola: kuchokera chitsamba chimodzi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa osachepera 3-4 makilogalamu a zodabwitsa zipatso ndi mchere kukoma. Zipatso zili ponseponse - zikhoza kudyedwa, ndipo mukhoza kupanga zosiyana ndi vinyo. Ndipo zosiyanasiyana ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi impso mite ndi powdery mildew.

Zoipa za zosiyanasiyana

Ngakhale pali ubwino uliwonse, Vologda ali ndi zofooka zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo zolakwika zotsatirazi:

• Zipatso zimafera osati panthawi imodzimodzi ndi zosagwirizana;
• Pamene zowonjezereka, zipatso zimagwedezeka mwamphamvu;
• Kawirikawiri chitsamba chimafalikira - ngakhale kudulira nthawi yake.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Kufotokozera za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya black currant Vologda mumakonda? Kodi mwasankha kuyika pa tsamba lanu? Kusankha mbande kuyenera kuyandikira moyenera monga momwe zingathere! Ndi bwino kupereka choyenera kwa zomera zabwino. Choyenera komanso chaka chilichonse, ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi - mphukira ziyenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba - 2-3 mizu yodetsedwa komanso rootlets ambiri ofanana. Samalani - kutalika kwa mizu iyenera kukhala ndi masentimita 15. Njirayo, mtundu wake umakhudzanso: mdima wambiri umasonyeza kuti mphukirayo inali yodzala kapena yowonongeka. Ndi bwino kusankha chomera chokhala ndi mizu ya bulauni.

Chomera chopatsa thanzi sichikhala ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka, masamba ndi impso sayenera kukhala ndi mawanga ndi ma cones.

Kusankha malo ndi nthawi yobwera

Black currant Vologda amakonda malo otsika. Pa chinyezi chomwechi chiyenera kukhala chapamwamba kwambiri! Ndikofunikira kusankha malo pansi pa dzuwa, pambali pa chomeracho chiyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Mwa njira, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amaika Vologda pamphepete mwa mpanda.

Mzu wa currant wa zosiyanasiyanazi alibe nthawi yopumula, ndiko kuti, m'nyengo yozizira shrub idzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu, ndipo pafupi ndi masika idzayamba kukula mwakhama! Choncho, kubzala mbande za Vologda kumapeto kwa September-Oktoba, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi usanafike nyengo yozizira. Ngati nthawi yayitali idawonongeke, currant yakuda iyenera kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, impso zisayambe.

Kubzala kwa Vologda: malangizo ndi sitepe

Kuti mbande ikhale mizu, ikule bwino ndi kubweretsa mbewu zambiri, nkofunika kusunga malamulo ena oti mubzalemo m'nthaka.

1. Malo osankhidwa a currant ayenera kukumbidwa bwino, chotsani zinyalala ndi namsongole. Chitsambachi sichimalekerera dothi la mkulu wa acidity, choncho, ngati vuto lirilonse liripo, m'pofunika kuyambitsa laimu m'nthaka - kilogalamu imodzi pa mita imodzi. M.
2. Kuzama kwa dzenje liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 40, ndi kutalika kwake - masentimita 60.
3. Pansi pa dzenje lokonzekera, muyenera kutsanulira 0,5 ndowa za kompositi, mofanana ndi manyowa omwe adayambanso. Zomalizazi zimalowetsedwa ndi feteleza: 20 magalamu a potaziyamu, 200 magalamu a superphosphate ndi 40 gm ya phosphorous.
4. Ndiye dzenje liyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka.
5. Kuthawa kuyenera kuikidwa mu dzenje pambali ya madigiri 45, kufalitsa mizu yake. Kutsetsereka kotereku kudzakuthandizani kupanga chitsamba cholimba.
6. Wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuti aziwaza Vologda ndi dziko lapansi ndi kuchepetsa pang'ono.
7. Pansi pa obzalidwa chitsamba, muyenera mosamala kutsanulira zitsamba zitatu kapena zinayi zamadzi.
8. Mwamsanga mutabzala, chitsamba chiyenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati mizu ili ndi mphamvu, mutha kudula gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, ngati mizu ndi yofooka, ndiye kuti muthe. Izi zimapindulitsa kwambiri chaka choyamba.
9. Kuti chomera chisapse, kuzungulira chitsamba ndikofunika kupanga bwino, lomwe limakhala mulched - ndi udzu wouma, peat kapena utuchi.

Kufotokozera chisamaliro cha chitsamba

Olima wamaluwa amadziwa kuti kuti amere chomera cholimba komanso chowunikira bwino, ayenera kupereka chithandizo cha panthawi yake.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, currant yakuda Vologda (kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikufotokozedwa pamwambapa) iyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi otentha. Sikovuta kuchita izi, koma ubwino wa njirayi sizingatheke kuwonetseratu: tizirombo tonse omwe timakhala m'nkhalango nthawi yomweyo timamwalira. Mu chidebe cha madzi pa kutentha kwa madigiri 70, onjezerani 250 g ya soda ndi kuphika zomera bwino.

Kawirikawiri, ndi madzi ochokera ku currant ubale wapadera. Ndikofunika kuti chitukuko cha zomera chikule. Chitsamba chimodzi chidzafuna pafupifupi 50 malita a madzi. Kuthirira Vologda kumafuna kawirikawiri, koma madzi ayenera kudutsa pa 30-40 masentimita.

Pali njira ziwiri zodyera:

1. Kuthirira mwa kukonkha ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi ulimi wothirira. Koma imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu: nthaka imagwirizanitsidwa ndipo imatenga chinyezi mosiyana.
2. Munthu wolandira miyala ndi yabwino kwambiri. Konzekerani mosavuta: mizu ndi yofunika kukumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 40, lidzaze ndi nkhwangwa pamwamba pake. Pambuyo pa kuthirira kuli kofunikira kutseka dzenje ndi ruberoid. Choncho madzi amayamba kufika "kumalo".

Dziko lapansi pafupi ndi Vologda limatsatira nthawi ndi nthaŵi kuti amasulidwe, namsongole. Ndibwino kuti muzidzaza ndi phulusa, ndipo muzikaika kompositi pamwamba. Izi zidzapulumutsa tizirombo, udzu wamsongole ndi kusunga chinyezi.

Kupaka pamwamba

Zakale za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya black currant Vologda zimafuna kuyamba kwa feteleza. Zakudya zochepa zowonjezera zimapangitsa kuti zipatso zikhale zazing'ono ndi zowawa, ndipo zokololazo zichepe kwambiri. Manyowa omwe adzalowera mutabzala adzatha zaka zingapo chabe. Kuyambira chaka chachitatu, Vologda amafunika kudyetsedwa. Kuposa kufesa mbewu?

1. Manyowa amchere ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kugwa kulikonse. Pa 1 lalikulu. M adzafuna magalamu 30 a phosphorous ndi feteleza a nayitrogeni, 15 g wa potashi.
2. Manyowa opangidwa ndi feteleza amadziwidwanso mu autumn, pomwe tsamba ligwa. Pa 1 lalikulu. M izo zitenga 2-3 makilogalamu a feteleza zina.
3. Phosphate-potaziyamu feteleza amafunika mwamsanga pambuyo pa maluwa a currant.
4. Mu nayitrogeni feteleza, Vologda amafunika katatu pa chaka - chisanu chimasungunuka, panthawi ya maluwa ndipo mwamsanga mutatha kukolola zipatso.

Kudula malamulo a currants

Kupanga zitsamba ndi kudulira zowonongeka ndizofunikira kwambiri pakusamalira mbewu. Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito pachaka. Inu mukudziwa kale kuti kudulira koyamba kwa wakuda currant mitundu Vologda imapangidwa mwamsanga mutabzala chitsamba.

Kuyambira chaka chachitatu, muyenera kuchotsa nthambi zakale. Adziwone mwachidule - iwo ndi amdima kwambiri komanso amafupa kusiyana ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Ndifunikanso kulamulira chiwerengero cha nthambi zatsopano: mumtsamba wamkulu muyenera kukhala 13-15.

Kudzala mphukira yakale, tcheru khutu ku nthambi za nthambi ndi impso - zofooka ndi zowonongeka ndi bwino kuchotsa! Pa njirayi, muyenera kudula mphukirazo, impso zomwe zimatupa, chifukwa ndi chizindikiro cha impso.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Ngati malo ochepa a mtundu wofiirira amaonekera pamagulu a currant, kenaka tsamba limafota ndipo limagwa, izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kupweteka. Pamaso Mphukira ikuphulika n'kofunika kuti muzitha kupanga mbewu ndi Bordeaux madzi. 10 malita a madzi adzafuna magalamu 100 olembedwa.

Mitundu ya chikasu, yomwe imapangidwa pa mazira, maluwa ndi masamba a Vologda, amalankhula za dzimbiri la dzimbiri. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupopera tchire ndi Bordeaux madzi nthawi zitatu - kutsegulira masamba, mapangidwe a masamba ndipo mwamsanga mutatha maluwa. Ngati chilondacho ndi choopsa kwambiri, masiku 10 mutatha kuchipatala, muyenera kugwira chimodzimodzi.

Chizindikiro cha mphuno ya impso ndi kuphulika kwa impso. Sizingatheke kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mankhwala. Nthambi zokhudzana ndi impso zomwe zimakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa. Ngati muli ndi matenda aakulu, chitsamba chonse chiyenera kuwonongedwa.

Galasi masamba pa masamba, maluwa ndi zipatso za black currant zowonongeka. Mukhoza kuchotsa maluwawo atakula. Kuti muchite izi, mumangothamanga Vologda ndi yankho la chitsamba chowawa, mandimu kapena singano!

Kukolola ndi kusunga mbewu

Black currant Vologda ndi mtundu wa msinkhu wakula msinkhu. Maluwa a zitsamba amayamba mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May, koma kuphuka kwa zipatso kumakhala kumapeto kwa July - August. Kutentha kwapakati sikulola kusunga zipatso kwa masiku oposa awiri. Zipatso zitatha. Kodi mungasunge bwanji mbewu yokolola?

Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungasankhire: mukhoza kuzizira ma currants, kuwawuma, kuwawaza ndi shuga kapena kuphika kupanikizana. Nthawi zonse, mitundu ya currant Vologda idzasunga zinthu zothandiza.

Zipatso zouma mu uvuni, kutentha kumafunika madigiri 45. Mitengo ikayamba kukhala yofewa ndi yosauka, kutentha kumawonjezeka kufika madigiri 80. Ndi kutsekedwa pang'ono kovunikira kwa zipatso kumatenga pafupifupi maola atatu.

Mitengo yobiriwira ikhoza kusungidwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kuthiridwa bwino, zouma, owazidwa ndi wosanjikiza pa mbale yaikulu ndikuika mufiriji. Pambuyo maola angapo, muyenera kupeza zipatsozo, kuziika m'mitsuko ndi kuzibwezeretsa.

Black currant mitundu Vologda: ndemanga za wamaluwa

Olemba ntchito ndi amatsenga amalimbikitsa izi zosiyanasiyana kwa iwo omwe sakufuna kuthera nthawi yochuluka ndi mphamvu pa kusamalira zomera. Vologda imayamba mizu mulimonse, ndipo chitetezo chake cha mthupi chimakulolani kuti muzisangalala ndi zipatso zokoma popanda khama.

Mwa njira, alimi ambiri amavomereza kuti amafesa Vologda pa chiwembu chawo ngati shrub yokongoletsera. Izi ziri ndi tanthauzo lothandiza: magulu akuluakulu akuda othamangitsidwa mu dzuwa, okongola ndi mapepala a currant ovekedwa.

Ngati mumakhulupirira ndemanga za black currant, Vologda ali ndi mphamvu yobereka. Mphukira zazing'ono sizowoneka zosavuta kuti muzuke, komanso musamanyamula tizirombo.