Engine mafuta injini dizilo ndi turbocharger a. Zomwe mafuta injini dizilo ndi turbocharging bwino?

Akutukuka turbocharged injini pa dizilo, opanga apanga chilengedwe cha galimoto mafuta si otsika m'zonse. Pa turbochargers zoyambirira ntchito kuonjezera mphamvu ya injini mkati kuyaka mu Air Force m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri. Wagalimoto analowa kuŵeta mpaka 1978.

Komabe, pamodzi ndi kuchuluka amachepetsa galimoto gwero mphamvu. Choncho, mafuta wapadera kwa injini dizilo ndi turbocharging.

The chipangizo ndi mfundo ya ntchito

Kuchita kwa injini zachokera mphamvu utsi. Kuyambira yamphamvu, iwo akupita kwa chopangira mphamvu impeller, chopangira mphamvu ndi imazungulira kompresa a. Iwo likukhalira kuti pano, mosiyana ndi injini mafuta, mpweya umaperekedwa opanikizika okwera. Voliyumu ya mpweya kuwonjezeka yamphamvu, ndipo ndi mphamvu buku la moto mafuta ndi kuchuluka peresenti makumi asanu.

Kuti mpweya akulowa ZOWONJEZERA ntchito yamphamvu wamkulu - intercooler. Akamazizira mpweya asanafike akulowa injini. Choncho, ndi mafuta enieni yafupika ndi mphamvu kuchuluka, amene zimatheka pafupifupi popanda kuwonjezera unit kukula ndipo chiwerengero cha motsatana.

Zikuonekeratu kuti Motors izi zimafunikira njira yapadera. Mu Russia, koposa ziziyenda amakonda kugula khwekhwe ofanana. Koma si aliyense amadziwa bwino ntchito ya Turbo dizilo. Taganizirani ochepa nsonga kukuthandizani kupulumutsa moyo utumiki yaitali wagawo ndi.

Mlingo mafuta ayenera kukhala odziletsa

Motors zonse zoipa amakhudza mafuta njala. Komabe, kwa injini dizilo ndi mafuta Turbo imathandiza kwambiri. Mwa zina, iwo afewetsedwa zimakhudza turbocharger. Pamene mlingo madzi otsika kwambiri, iwo mosavuta kwambiri kuonongeka.

Choncho, mlingo mafuta injini zifunike monga Nthawi zambiri. Ngati pali kuchepa, m'pofunika yomweyo kupanga chifukwa cha izo. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti tipeze chifukwa cha chikucheperachepera mu msinkhu ndi kukonza.

Khalidwe la lubricating madzimadzi

Mafuta Turbo-dizilo kukhala wabwino kwambiri. Kutengera pa ntchito yapadera umagwira pa moyo wa galimoto, ndi kofunika kumvetsa kuti osauka khalidwe liti kuwonongeka kwa imfa pang'onopang'ono. Musaiwale: zikuchokera injini mafuta ndi wosiyana ndi dizilo. Komanso, n'zosatheka kusakaniza osiyana kukhuthala lubricant (chizindikiro ichi, onani m'munsimu).

nsonga zina cha machitidwe a Turbo dizilo

Nawa ochepa nsonga, si mafuta, koma amene ayenera kutsatiridwa.

mafuta khalidwe ziyenera kukhala. Ngati si chotero, izo kuononga dongosolo mafuta, ndi mphamvu adzakhala yafupika. Chifukwa, chopangira mphamvu adzagwira ntchito pa liwiro pazipita, umene kuchepetsa moyo wake.

Osati peregazovyvayte pamene injini anayamba. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa anthu amene musayambe dongosolo (amasiya). Pamene ngo ndi anakakamizidwa katundu chopangira mphamvu ndi kugwira ntchito wayamba atembenuza, koma popanda mafuta, monga yotsirizira analibe nthawi kuchita. Zimenezi zimabweretsa mfundo mofulumira avale.

Yovomereza atakwera pa liwiro sing'anga. Opaleshoni imathamanga otsika kwa nthawi yaitali yoletsedwa. Pambuyo chopangira mphamvu lakonzedwa kuti katundu mkulu. Choncho, nthawi ndi wolakalakika wakupatsa ntchito, ndi pa liwiro apamwamba. Choncho chitetezo kumayamba kutsukidwa, amene kumawonjezera moyo utumiki wake.

Inu simungakhoze zimitsani injini yomweyo pambuyo kukatseka, monga chopangira mphamvu impeller adzapitiriza atembenuza, ndi injini dizilo mafuta ndi Turbo kale Kusiya kudyetsedwa mu dongosolo.

Kwambiri osafunika kukwera pa zachabe. Theka la ola cha ntchito imeneyi mokwanira kuti "aphe" galimoto, monga izi zimachitika chopangira mphamvu zakoksovka. Komanso mukhoza kuyamba mafuta kutayikira mu zonenepa, ndilo chifukwa tsatanetsatane wa pisitoni gulu imbataika.

kukonza panthawi yake ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa turbocharged injini dizilo. Mawu a ndime zake zosakwana mayunitsi mumlengalenga, monga katundu mkulu amafuna mafuta mwatsopano ndi fyuluta latsopano.

mafuta Main makhalidwe

Pogula ndi lubricant, ziziyenda kulabadira angapo zizindikiro.

The chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhuthala, ndiye otaya mafutawa. Izo zimatengera kutentha. Mkulu kukhuthala index limasonyeza zochepa kusintha ndi kusinthasintha kutentha.

flashpoint akutchedwa chizindikiro, mmene pamene peyala ya ulaliki moto zinayambira.

Thirani mfundo ndi otsika pamene si kwathunthu wotaya flowability (ndi kufufuzidwa pamene ndingaliro machubu).

Ntchito ndiponso kupezeka zina zosiyanasiyana limapezeka ndondomeko makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamene anapanga mankhwala zamchere ndi acidic. Zasayansi okonzeka ndi kusanthula okwana m'munsi ndi chiwerengero acid. Kuyambira zolozerazi zochokera mawerengedwe a mafuta neutralization.

m'munsi mafuta

Mu mafuta ofotokoza zake:

• mchere;
• semisynthetic;
• kupanga.

Posachedwapa, anthu ambiri ziziyenda amakonda synthetics. Komabe, mchere wabwino lubricating madzimadzi mwangwiro mungathane nawo ntchito m'madera ofunda. Koma ntchito pa otsika kutentha ndi bwino kupita. mafuta wapangidwa ndi mankhwala mafuta.

Pano pali mafuta injini dizilo ndi Turbo-mlandu mchere ofotokoza imatengedwa wabwino: Castrol GTX (osiyanasiyana kukhuthala sukulu), "Lukoil Vanguard Professional a LA", "Lukoil Vanguard Chotambala", "Suprotec Amalalikira zonse", "Amalalikira Dizilo Plus" ndi ena.

Semisynthetics ndi osakaniza a mchere ndi kupanga maziko. Zimakhala kale ntchito chaka chonse. Ndi bwino kuti theka-kupanga injini mafuta injini turbocharged: Statoil MultyWay, "Lukoil Vanguard", Castrol Magnatec ndi zina zotero.

Kupanga m'munsi ndi yokumba kwathunthu. Ndi kwambiri mtengo ndipo ankaona kuti a makhalidwe abwino. Koma ayenera kumvetsa kuti palokha sizitanthauza kupezeka kwa ntchito kupanga kwambiri. Kuwonjezera m'munsi, chiwerengero cha magawo zina ayenera kuganizira.

Tikhoza malangizo otsatirawa mafuta kupanga kwa injini dizilo ndi turbocharging: ZIC XQ5000, Castrol Kudera Sport, "Lukoil Vanguard Professional" Nkhono Helix Chotambala ndi ena.

zina

Kuwonjezera Nawonso achichepere, pali zowonjezera enieni amene amatchedwa zina. Iwo amakhulupirira kusintha katundu mafuta. Zina ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana:

• antioxidant mitundu kulepheretsanso makutidwe ndi okosijeni;
• kutsuka - lidzayeretsedwa ndi injini;
• dispersants - kuteteza mapangidwe apezeka;
• anticorrosion filimu unakhazikitsidwa pa mbali popanda kukhala dzimbiri;
• mawonekedwe odana filimu amateteza pamwamba pa mbali;
• EP kulenga filimu zoletsa kuti burrs.

Komanso pali zina zimene kuchepetsa kutsanulira mfundo, kukhuthala improvers, ndi zina zotero. Ndingatani ntchito iwo onse? Kumene ayi. Njinga mafuta injini dizilo ndi turbocharging, komanso mafuta ina, kale zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika mu zikuchokera awo. Choncho, kaya ndalama pa pantchito makampani - opanga zina kapena ayi, kuthetsa mwini galimoto.

Gawo

Pali classifications yosiyanasiyana ya madzi lubricating. Iwo amasiyana kukhuthala kalasi, ntchito, seasonality.

Gawo zoweta ali alendo ziwalo. Koma iwo pafupifupi ziziyenda sindikudziwa. Gulu ambiri kunja: SAE, API, ACEA ndi CCMC. inawo unalembedwa, koma angapezeke mu magwero ena.

SAE

SAE akusonyeza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi kutentha mlengalenga. Pa lembali, pali dzinja ndi chirimwe asanu makalasi asanu. Zima anazindikira mwa kalata W. The apamwamba a kalasi nambala, ndi apamwamba a mafuta kukhuthala. Ambiri ali multigrade mafuta. Ali ndi lakuti wapawiri. Nthawi zina wopanga analimbikitsa mafuta injini kwa injini dizilo ndi turbocharger a. "Volkswagen" Mwachitsanzo, imapita Castrol kwambiri. Nsonga zochokera mbali machenjerero injini ndi makonzedwe opanga magalimoto ndi mafuta pamodzi. Kusukulu ali kukhuthala ake pazipita.

Gawo mwa mayunitsi dizilo API

Gawo ili anatsimikiza potengera ubwino: chiyero cha zodetsa, kuchuluka kwa mwaye. The API lubricating madzimadzi m'magulu awa.

S (Service), ndi oyenera injini petulo anayi sitiroko.

C (malonda) kwa injini dizilo a mtundu malonda ndi mafakitale komanso ulimi ndi zomangamanga zida.

Ziwiri kalata S kapena C, A L zikutanthauza gulu (choyamba) ndi mlingo chuma (wachiwiri). Sewerolo wa apamwamba, patsogolo pa chiyambi cha zilembo ndi kalata yachiwiri.

SG / CD, SJ / CF - ndi kalasi chilengedwe cha petulo ndi dizilo injini.

EC - ndi makhalidwe mphamvu yopulumutsa.

Tiyeni akukhala madzimadzi lubricating kwa mayunitsi dizilo. Iwo agwirizane ndi makalasi zotsatirazi:

• SS yosayenera Motors ndi mphamvu kuwala kapena Popanda.
• CD ndi chimodzimodzi dizilo injini ndi Turbo adzapereke ndi mphamvu mkulu zofuna zofunika kwambiri kuthamanga ndi antiscaling makhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, kalasi ndi abwino mafuta injini dizilo ndi Turbo "Toyota Dizilo", RV Special.
• CE muyenera kwa turbocharger amphamvu ndi ntchito pansi katundu kwambiri. Iwo limafanana ndi mafuta injini kwa injini dizilo ndi turbocharger ndi particulate fyuluta.
• CF akhoza opareshoni pa turbocharged diesels galimoto galimoto.
• CF2 - yapita makhalidwe kugwilizana anawaonjezera ziwiri sitiroko injini dizilo.
• CF4 ndi bwino Baibulo la kalasi CE.
• CG4 ndi latsopano kalasi ya CH4 limafanana ndi mafuta injini kwa injini galimoto dizilo ndi turbocharging omwe amafunika katundu makamaka lolemera.

Gawo ACEA

dongosolo European, kukwaniritsa zofunika kuyeza zambiri mafuta galimoto kuposa m'mbuyomu. Lili makalasi 12, omwe amafalitsidwa pa magulu 3 komwe:

• Ndipo injini mumlengalenga;
• C - kwa injini dizilo;
• C - kwa injini dizilo, zikugwirizanira mfundo Yuro-4;
• E - kwa injini malonda dizilo.

manambala mu magawo akutanthauza mlingo wa amafuna. chiwerengero apamwamba zikutanthauza amafuna apamwamba. Kuchokera pa gulu ili, n'zotheka "kuwerengetsa" mafuta oyenera injini dizilo ndi turbocharger ndi particulate fyuluta. Mwachitsanzo, lubricants madzi a kalasi C.

Pomaliza

Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, ndizoonekeratu kuti ayenera kutsatira angapo magawo, kusankha galimoto mafuta injini dizilo ndi turbocharging. "Hyundai", "Honda", "BMW" ndi "Mercedes": wopanga aliyense akuonetsa zina mafuta mtundu. Komabe, izi si chizindikiro chachikulu posankha mafuta. Umboni waukulu, umene uyenera anatsatira - ndi kukhala ndi lubricant pa magawo zafotokozeredwa mu gulu ndi Mlengi. Ndiye, kumvera malamulo a ntchito Turbo wanu dizilo zonse adzatumikira lonse la malire nthawi.