The kukhuthala mafuta ndi kukopa kwake pa injini galimoto

madzi aliyense ali ndi kukhuthala, ndi khalidwe ili Mzimuyo fluidity ake. Automotive mafuta cholinga kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana uliwonse chizindikiro ali kukopa kwake pa khalidwe wonse. The kukhuthala mafuta ndi nazonso.

Waukulu vuto luso lililonse mafuta injini - kuletsa mikangano kusamukira mbali pa ntchito engine. Choncho, ndi mphamvu mikangano ayenera kukhala kochepa ndi mafuta mkulu kwake, katundu wake ayenera sizisintha pa lonse kutentha osiyanasiyana.

Kuzindikira mfundo imeneyi kumapeto, ndi kulenga chinthu chimene chimachita zinthu zonse, n'kovuta kwambiri. Komanso, chonde kudziwa kuti pa kayendedwe ka katundu zikusintha, ndi magalimoto injini mafuta kutentha kukhala osiyana kwambiri, ena mphindi izo lidzafika madigiri 140-150.

Komabe, akatswiri zonse ntchito polenga mafuta injini, amene adzakhala pafupi katundu wake ku magawo chofunika. Science wapanga mderali ndithu sitepe patsogolo, kotero injini masiku ano zambiri wamphamvu komanso zothandiza kuposa akalambula ake, ndipo iwo kuntchito.

The kukhuthala mafuta ndi limodzi mwa magawo zofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale injini ndi kuzizira kapena ayi ntchito pa mphamvu zonse, ndi mafuta injini kuyambira thicken. Pankhani imeneyi pali mfundo yakuti mafuta ukhalebe madzi zivute zitani, ngakhale kutentha kunja bwino pansi pa ziro. The fluidity bwino mafuta, ndi bwino adzateteza injini pa ntchito.

Mndandanda wa kukhuthala

Kudziwa kukhuthala mafuta, akatswiri anayambitsa index wapadera, amene amasonyeza kudalira la magawo waukulu (kuphatikizapo kukhuthala) a kutentha. The apamwamba a index bwino mafuta amasunga fluidity chake pa otsika kutentha.

The mafuta ayenera m'mikhalidwe yonse kukhala mbali injini, koma pa nthawi yomweyo kukhala madziwo. Gawo mafuta nthawi zambiri pa index, monga ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri, zomwe kumlingo amasonyeza makhalidwe chachikulu.

5W index limasonyeza kuti injini akhoza kuthamanga ngakhale pa kutentha - madigiri 35 popanda preheating. M'munsi kutentha, mafuta lolemererapo adzakhala ndi n'zovuta "yoloŵetsapo" injini, izi zimatanthauza kuti sitata sangathe tiyipukuse injini. Posankha makamaka mota mafuta nthawi zonse muyenera kuganizira za ntchito yaikulu, koma osati ndikuiwala ndi malangizo a magalimoto opanga galimotoyo. M'pofunika kuganizira kamangidwe ka injini, mlingo wa kuwonongeka, mwanjira ambiri ntchito, ndi zina zotero.

Engine Mwachangu

Komanso, mafuta kukhuthala amakhudza injini ntchito, ndicho mphamvu yogawa. Pamene injini ikulira ena a mphamvu yaikulu pa zofuna zake mkati, i.e. izi zikutanthauza kuti galimoto amafuna mphamvu yogonjetsera mphamvu frictional akuwuka mu kukhudzana m'madera osiyanasiyana. The bwino ndi efficiently adzakhala mafuta, ndi wochepa mphamvu adzakhala adadzonga pa izi.

Tsopano ntchito mafuta gulu, analowa pamwamba pa American Society of Automotive Akatswiri. Kuti munthu kapena gulu lina, mafuta zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. Kinematic kukhuthala mafuta anatsimikiza pa madigiri 40 ndi 100, ndipo kuyeza ndi kudutsa wapadera yokhota kumapeto chubu - viscometer. Pamaziko a anatsimikiza kukhuthala lenileni la mafuta, amene amagwiritsa ntchito potchula chilinganizo wapadera. mayesero amenewa pofuna kudziwa ubwino wa mafuta, komanso perekani gulu ena.