Epistemology - Epistemology ndi nzeru ...

Pakuti mfundo ina ndi akatswiri ziphunzitso za anthu amakono kale nditazolowera ndi kuwatengera iwo mopepuka. Mwachitsanzo, siyana monga "nzeru", "kukhala" kapena "chododometsa", nthawi yaitali kale, tikuona kuti kutsimikizidwa ndi bwino kwathunthu.

Komabe, pali zochepa odziwika bwino m'madera nzeru zaumunthu ziphunzitso, zomwe ena chimodzimodzi osangalatsa makono nzeru ena, ndi pafupifupi munthu. Malo ngati amenewa Zoonadi epistemology.

Akamanena za maganizo

Mtengo wa imeneyi akuti mwakuwoneka zovuta zosavuta kuwuluridwa kale mu dongosolo wake chinenero. Musaphwanye kukhala zilankhulo kwambiri kumvetsetsa kuti 'epistemology "- ndi mawu, yokhudza zapansi ziwiri basi.

The oyamba - episteme, kutanthauza 'chidziwitso' monga. The sostavlyayushey chachiwiri akuti ndi zambiri kudziwika kwa anthu amakono. Kutanthauzira yotchuka kwambiri ya logos imatengedwa "mawu" koma malinga ndi mfundo zina, phindu lake amatanthauziridwa mosiyana penapake - "akuphunzitsa".

Choncho mukhoza kukhala otsimikiza kuti epistemology - ndi nzeru za nzeru ngati zimenezi.

The chikhazikitso cha chiphunzitso

N'zosavuta kumvetsa Pankhaniyi kuti nthambi ya nzeru amafananadi ndi zambiri wotchuka chi anthu epistemology. Oyimira a sukulu chakale nthanthi ngakhale amalimbikira pa chizindikiritso awo, koma ngati tikambirana mfundo imeneyi mwachikulu, zikuoneka kuti amene amadziwa si zoona ndithu.

Choyamba, osiyana nthambi za sayansi kuphunzira deta maudindo. Zofuna epistemology umalimbana kudziwa ubale pakati pa nkhani ndi chinthu chidziwitso, pamene epistemology - ndi chilango ndi akatswiri methodological, amene wamkulu mmene chidwi Kutchulira ndipo mogwirizana ndi nzeru ngati chinthu choterocho.

mfundo zikuluzikulu

Aliyense chilango sayansi kapena zoyerekeza-sayansi ali osiyanasiyana chake zinthu. Tili ndi chidwi chofuna nthambi ya nzeru imadalira pa nkhani imeneyi. Epistemology - izo sayansi, umalimbana kuphunzira nzeru ngati zimenezi. Makamaka, nkhani za kafukufuku wawo udzakhala chikhalidwe cha chidziwitso, njira ya mapangidwe ake ndi ubale ndi cholinga chenicheni.

The ofufuza za mtundu uwu ntchito kudziwa limatchula za kupeza, kuwonjezera ndi systematizing chidziwitso. Moyo wa zodabwitsazi limakhala vuto kiyi wa nthambi imeneyi ya nzeru.

Chimango kuchuluka

Kupitiriza mutu wa chizindikiritso epistemology ndi epistemology, tiyenera kuona mmodzi kwambiri mbali akuti, iwowa latuluka kutsitsimuka anthu kale kwambiri. Mafunso epistemological zinachitika ngakhale Kale, pamene zithunzi epistemological inakhazikitsidwa ina. Mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani iyi zingatichititse lingaliro Plato ndi maganizo referential wa chowonadi amene anatumikira pa nthawi ya kutsogolera kwa chitukuko ndi mapangidwe chidwi kwa ife malangizo.

Ubale ndi anzake

Epistemology ndi nzeru (sayansi) kumagwirizana, mophweka kuchokera kwa chinthu choyamba chidwi. Aliyense zikuluzikulu za dziko weniweni kapena abwino amadziwika ndi ife mwa kumvetsa, kuphunzira za izo. Kudziŵa, monga tanenera poyamba, ndi chinthu opatsa chidwi epistemology. Komabe, ambiri likugwirizana epistemology, kuti n'chifukwa chizindikiritso awo asayansi payekha.

Epistemology ndi Philosophy - sayansi omwe zimachitika nthawi zonse, complementing ndi utithandize mzake. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chake nzeru wafika kwa nthawi wathu ukhale zimenezi.

Makamaka ndi ambiri

Ngati chodabwitsa ina, timasamala ndi chilango sangaonekerenso lokha, kunja nkhani ya zigawo zina. Choncho epistemology nthanthi - izo Only methodological mwambo chabe yaing'ono gawo la thupi la sayansi chidziwitso.

Kukhala linali lalitali ndi kovuta. Chobwera mu masiku a Kale, epistemology anakumana scholasticism mwankhanza Zapakati, ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano, iye uyenderere wina, pang'onopang'ono kukhala ndi kufika zambiri wathunthu mawonekedwe masiku ano.

mfundo zachikhalidwe

Ofufuza amakono kusiyanitsa epistemology chikhalidwe ndi sanali zachikhalidwe. Kusiyana kumeneku ndi chitsutso maziko makamaka kusiyana njira kuphunzira chidziwitso.

chakale epistemology zachokera ngati maziko, ndi nzeru, zomwe ndi waukulu chinthu phunziro, kuti lagawidwa mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri. Otsatila oyambilila a Baibulo chakale a chigawo nthanthi likukhudza mfundo ndi maganizo lagona pa maziko a mfundo zina, zochitika cholinga chenicheni. Chidziwitso cha mtundu uwu zovuta kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa, kunena kusanthula yosavuta kumva.

The chachiwiri ndi gulu la chidziwitso ndi anthu n'loonadi, choonadi cha zomwe ziribe kanthu kochita ndi malingaliro amene ali maziko epistemological. Amaonedwa mu mogwirizana osati Ufumuyo mzake.

Kulankhulana ndi Charles Darwin

Monga tanenera kale, epistemology, nzeru - izo mwambo osiyana, ali inextricably zogwirizana ndi zina. Chifukwa chikhalidwe cha chinthucho ndi nkhani ya malire ake amafikira kwa anthu, zomwe zimabweretsa osati pobwereka terminology, komanso wa maganizo a sayansi ena.

Ponena za mbali imeneyi ya nzeru, munthu sayenera kuiwala za Lamavutoli sayansi monga epistemology chisinthiko. Nthawi zambiri zodabwitsazi kawirikawiri kugwirizana ndi dzina la Karl R. Popper, amene anali oyamba kuti Atchule ubale wa chidziwitso ndi chinenero.

Ntchito zawo sayansi, wofufuza anabwera kuphunzira chidziwitso ndi mapangidwe malingaliro za izo mu dongosolo chinenero mawu a chiphunzitso cha Darwin chakuti zamoyo zinachita kusanduka kusankha zamoyo.

zamoyo zinachita epistemology Karl R. Popper zoona, kuti mavuto ake iyenera kuonedwa kusintha, kusintha kwa chinenero ndi ntchito imene umagwira mu mapangidwe nzeru za anthu ngati amenewa. The ena asayansi vuto kuyitana tanthauzo la njira imene kuzunza anthu anasankha zochitika zofunika zinenero kuti chimatanthauza chidziwitso cha chowonadi.

ulalo wina ndi zamoyo

nthambi izi nzeru za chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi zina zamoyo. Makamaka, majini epistemology, wolemba zimene amaona ndi Piaget, maziko mbali maganizo.

Akatswiri pa sukulu amaona nzeru ya njira, zomwe ndi zochokera mayankho zikuchitika ena. Mokulira lingaliro ili ndi kuyesa kuphatikiza alipo pakadali ndi sayansi yeniyeni ndi deta zopezera maphunziro komanso khalidwe ontogenetic.

Kudziwa ndi Society

Ndithu mwachibadwa, mndandanda wa zofuna za epistemology si umalimbana munthu aliyense, koma kwa anthu onse. Kudziwa lonse la anthu, munaupereka ku mibadwomibadwo, chakhala chinthu chachikulu cha phunziro la sayansi.

Pakuti chiŵerengero cha chidziwitso munthu aliyense payekha ndiponso ndi udindo ambiri epistemology chikhalidwe. Phunziro opatsa chidwi mu nkhani iyi, ndi chidziwitso gulu la chonse pamodzi. mavuto a epistemology mtundu uwu zochokera onse a maphunziro sociological ndi kuzipenya wa chikhalidwe, zipembedzo kumvetsa sayansi kwa anthu amenewa.

Kukaika ndi kumvetsa

Sayansi yamakono, mulimonse, anapanga nambala yaikulu anatulukira zosiyanasiyana m'moyo wa munthu. Kuti pali ndege mu mlengalenga! Nkosafuna kunena kuti zaka zochepa zokha zapitazo, njira yaikulu ya mankhwala anali magazi m'mitsempha, ndipo masiku ano diagnostics kudziwa imabwera mavuto bwino pamaso chikuoneka yomweyo.

Zonse izi zochokera kwa sayansi analandira chifukwa cha miyambo ina, zatsopano ndi ntchito. Ndipotu lonse opangidwa patsogolo kuti lero ife tikhoza kuwona, zochokera maganizo a anthu kapena zochitika zina.

N'chifukwa chake epistemology (a sayansi kugwirizana nazo izo, ife tayang'ananso pamwamba) ndi amtengo wapatali kwambiri. Kuphunzira njira ya chidziwitso mwachindunji asayansi kwambiri ndi chidwi kuona kwa chigawo nzeru, chifukwa iwo (njira ya mtundu uwu) kukankha mtundu wa anthu patsogolo.

epistemology Contemporary Ndi zonse kusinthika, komanso sayansi wina aliyense. Uthunthu kunadetsa lonse chidwi chake chimakhala anapezazo kunadetsa bwino analandira chifukwa chokhala kwambiri wamkulu experimental m'munsi. Mozama ndi kumvetsa nzeru za munthu ngati chake chalakwika, malamulo ndi njira ya kanthu. Koposa amadziwika dziko anthu amene timakhala ...