Fundo mu kufanana: ndi mawerengedwe chilinganizo

Zochita kawirikawiri ankakumana ndi vuto lopeza kulimbikira kwa ochititsa ndi resistors ndi njira zosiyana kugwirizana. Nkhani anafotokoza mmene kukana ndi kuchita masamu ndi kugwirizana yomweyi ochititsa ndi ena nkhani zina luso.

kondakitala kukaniza

akuwauza onse amakonda kulepheretsa otaya magetsi, umatchedwa magetsi kukana R, ndi amayezedwa ohms. Izi ndi chuma zofunika zipangizo conductive.

Kukhalabe kuwerengetsera magetsi resistivity applicable - ρ ohm · m / mamilimita ^2. zitsulo onse - ochititsa zabwino, ntchito kwambiri analandira mkuwa ndi zotayidwa, ndi zambiri zokayikitsa ntchito chitsulo. The bwino wochititsa - siliva, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu makampani magetsi ndi zamagetsi. kasakaniza wazitsulo Ponseponse ndi phindu zonyamula.

Pamene kuwerengetsa kulimbikira ntchito kudziwika kusukulu sayansi Inde chilinganizo:

R = ρ · L / S, S - yachigawo m'dera; L - kutalika.

Ngati timatenga ochititsa awiri, kukana kwawo mu kufanana adzakhala zochepa chifukwa kuwonjezeka mu gawo okwana.

The kachulukidwe panopa ndi Kutentha wochititsa

Pakuti othandiza modes mawerengedwe a ochititsa mfundo likukhudza kachulukidwe apano - δ A / mamilimita ^2, masamu ndi njira:

δ = Ine / S, I - panopa, S - gawo.

m'kupita Current kudzera waya likamatenthetsa izo. The δ apamwamba kwambiri, kondakitala ndi mkangano. Pakuti mawaya ndi zingwe cholinga kololeka kachulukidwe mfundo zimene zalembedwa mu za SAE (zizindikiro magetsi). malamulo yakeyake kachulukidwe zatsopano wochititsa zipangizo magetsi.

Ngati pamwamba kololeka kachulukidwe δ angayambe wochititsa chiwonongeko, mwachitsanzo, ngati kutenthedwa akuwonongedwa kutchinjiriza chingwe.

Yowerengera malamulo okhudza kubala ochititsa pa magetsi.

Njira ochititsa

kondakitala aliyense zambiri yabwino mu Mapulani akamachita za magetsi kukana R, ndiye iwo savuta kuwerenga ndi kutanthauzira. Pali atatu okha polumikiza njira resistances. Yoyamba njira yophweka - kugwirizana siriyo.

chithunzi limasonyeza kuti kukana kwathunthu ndi: R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R _3.

Yachiwiri njira ndi zovuta - kugwirizana yomweyi. Mawerengedwe a kulimbikira mogwirizana kufanana imagwiridwa mu magawo. Calculated okwana madutsidwe G = 1 / R, ndiye okwana kukana R = 1 / G.

Ndipo mulole chitani mosiyana, poyamba kugwira ntchito zowerengetsa kulimbikira okwana pa kugwirizana kufanana kwa resistors R1 ndi R2, kenako abwereza opareshoni, ndi kupeza R.

Njira ya chitatu ndi ovuta kwambiri pawiri - wosanganiza pawiri, i.e. pali options ankaona. chiwembu kumaonekeranso chithunzi.

Pakuti mawerengedwe ichi chiyenera wosalira dera, ichi m'malo resistors R2 ndi R3 wina R2,3. Zambiri dera analandira.

Tsopano ife tikhoza kuwerengera kulimbikira kugwirizana analemba chilinganizo cha ndilo:

R2,3,4 = R2,3 · R4 / (R2,3 + R4).

Galimoto amakhala sizivuta, pali resistors ndi kugwirizana siriyo. Mu zochitika zina, ntchito njira yomweyo kutembenuka.

mitundu ya akuwauza

Mu zida zamagetsi, kupanga matabwa kusindikizidwa dera la ochititsa kuimira n'kupanga zonyalazo zojambulazo mkuwa. Chifukwa cha kutalika ka kukana iwo kwangochepetsako pang'ono iwo nthawi zambiri angathe kuwasamalira. Pakuti ochititsa izi mu kufanana kugwirizana kukana yafupika chifukwa kuchuluka-gawo mtanda.

A gawo lalikulu la ochititsa ndi kumulowetsa waya. Iwo amatuluka ndi diameters osiyana - kuchokera millimeters 0,02 kuti 5,6. Pakuti tiransifoma mkulu-mphamvu ndi Motors amapangidwa mkuwa shank wa mtanda gawo anayi. Nthawi zina kukonza lalikulu awiri waya m'malo mwa kufanana angapo ang'onoang'ono chikugwirizana.

A gawo lapadera la ochititsa ndi mawaya ndi zingwe, makampani amapereka osiyanasiyana linafalitsidwa kwambiri a zopangidwa zosiyanasiyana zosowa. Nthawi zambiri zofunika m'malo chingwe chimodzi mu gawo angapo ang'onoang'ono. The zifukwa zosiyana, mwachitsanzo, chingwe mtanda gawo la 240 mamilimita ² zovuta anagona pa msewu ndi anaŵerama phompho. Wake m'malo ndi 2 × 120 mamilimita ^2, ndi vutoli kuthetsedwa.

Aziwerenga mawaya Kutentha

kondakitala ndi usavutike ndi loyenda panopa ngati kutentha kwake kuposa kololeka, chiwonongeko cha kutchinjiriza amapezeka. SAE mawerengedwe amapereka akuwauza kuti Kutentha, deta yaiwisi kungakhale tikukumana ndi zachilengedwe zimene wochititsa yaikidwa. Pazimene izi kwa matebulo anasankha SAE analimbikitsa wochititsa gawo (mawaya kapena zingwe).

Zochita pali zochitika pamene katundu akuchita pa chingwe cha kwambiri. Pali njira ziwiri kunja - m'malo chingwe pa dzanja ena, ndi okwera mtengo, kapena kufanana kwa iyo ziri wina kutula chingwe chachikulu. Pankhaniyi, kondakitala kukana kugwirizana kufanana yafupika, motero imagwera exotherm.

Kusankha gawo lamanja la chingwe chachiwiri, ntchito tebulo EMP, Sitiyenera kuonedwa ndi tanthauzo la opaleshoni ake panopa. Imeneyi, chingwe kuzirala adzakhala bwino kuposa wina. Ndi bwino kuwerengera kukana mgwirizano yomweyi zingwe ziwiri, ndi bwino chimatanthauza kutentha awo.

Mawerengedwe a ochititsa pa imfa voteji

Pamene malo ogula R _N pa mtunda L ku magetsi U ₁ amapezeka ndi lalikulu voteji dontho pa mawaya mzere. K R _N ogula amalandira voteji U ₂ U kwambiri m'munsimu _{choyambirira.} Pafupifupi katundu amachita zipangizo zosiyanasiyana magetsi olumikizidwa kwa mzere mu kufanana.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto zokolola kukana mawerengedwe mogwirizana yomweyi zida zonse, choncho katundu kukana R ndi _N. Komanso, ayenera kumasulila ndi mawaya kukana mzere.

_L R = ρ · 2L / S,

Apa, S - waya mzere gawo, mamilimita ^2.

Wotsatira panopa anatsimikiza: I = U ₁ / (R _L + R _m). Tsopano, podziwa pano kudziwa voteji dontho pa mawaya mzere: U = I · R _L. Limene lili mu kuchuluka kwake U _1.

U% = (I · R _L / U ₁₎ · 100%

mtengo analimbikitsa U% - zosaposa 15%. Kuwerengetsera anapatsidwa ndi ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa panopa.