Mpikisano mu Germany. Mpikisano mu Germany 1936

Chitsitsimutso la masiku Games Olympic unachita mbali yofunika French womenyera ufulu chitukuko, mphunzitsi Per De Kuberten. Mu mbiri posachedwapa Mpikisano woyamba inachitika mu 1896 ku Athens. Ufulu mwamantha XI masewero mu 1931 analandira Germany. Icho chinali chosaiwalika kwa Germany, omwe amalembedwa kubwerera mayiko padziko lonse pambuyo kugonjetsedwa mu First World nkhondo.

Mwachidule Chiyambi Chawo

Izo ziyenera kuti kumayambiriro kuti Germany, chifukwa chitukuko mofulumira kwambiri wa mbiri, panali konse limodzi zikutsatiridwa timu. Pamodzi ndi limati zina dziko nawo chochitika mu Athens. Mu anayi otsatirawa Games Olympic nawo Germany kunachitika ndi bwino. Koma kenako zinthu zasintha. Mu 1920, mpikisano mu Antwerp ndi 1924 ku Paris, dziko la Germany sanali anavomereza. chifukwa panali motowo wa First World nkhondo. Pang'ono patsogolo zinthu mu nthawi interwar. The Germany analandira osati mwayi nawo mpikisano, komanso kukhala ambuye awo. Chilimwe masewera anali mu Berlin, yozizira - mu chaka chomwecho Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

Chilimwe Games ku Berlin

chigamulo chimene udzachitike pa masewero a Olympic a ku Germany, anaganiza mu 1931 - angapo zaka pamaso pa Nazi atayamba kulamulira. Mpikisano wa mayiko a ku Germany anayesa ntchito monga njira zofalitsira nkhani. Malinga ndi ganizo lawo, othamanga yachilendo nawo masewera, anamvera wochepa. Koma izi sizinachitike. 1936 Olympic ku Germany, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "masewera a Owen." Ndi wothamanga izi American anatha kupambana kumeneko golide anayi ndi kukhala wothamanga kwambiri wa mpikisano. Boma Nazi Choncho, anavomera kugonjetsedwa abwino. Komabe ngakhale vicissitudes onse ndale, panali mphindi positive. Mwachitsanzo, kutsegula kwa masewera mu Berlin, anali ukufalitsidwa moyo pa TV.

Mpikisano ngati zokopa za Nazism

Boma German chirichonse kwa Olympic ku Germany anali chiwonetsero cha zipambano dziko, yemwe munapanga dziko pansi Hitler. Ankayang'anira zonse zochitika kukonzekera Yozef Gebbels - nduna ya Propaganda. Njira yonse ya masewera mayiko wakhala anaika mwatsatanetsatane ndipo chokongoletsedwa ndi n'kale lonse mpaka nthawi lonse. Palibe amene anamangapo nyumba kuti afanane atsopano pa nthawi zofunika luso ndi othamanga, kuphatikizapo kuphatikizapo sitediyamu Berlin 100 zikwi. Masewera. Malawi gulu-amuna nazo mwapadera anamanga mudzi Olympic. Tikumbukenso, kenako anakhala chitsanzo maofesi zonse zimenezo. The Olympic Village wakhala bwino ndinaganiza zomangamanga: pali zipatala, positi ofesi, gombe, maholo konsati, anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta. Othamanga anaikidwa kunja kwa mudzi, omasuka nyumba. Pa propaganda odana ndi Ayuda anaimitsidwa pa masewera. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa Olympic, misewu ya Berlin ngati khungu ndi ntchito zizindikiro Nazi. nyumba zonse zakale akhala anakongoletsa, mzinda anabweretsedwa kuti zonse.

Zima Olympic ku Germany

Mpikisano kunachitika mu Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Izo ziyenera kuti mzinda uno Bavarian anaonekera chifukwa cha Olympic. chaka chimodzi zisanachitike chachikulu chinali pophatikizana midzi awiri - Garmisch Partenkirchen. Mpaka lero, mzinda lagawidwa ndi sitima ndi kulumikizana kudzera mbali ya pansi ndi magalimoto ngalande kuti pansi pa njanji lapansi. Mpikisano mu Germany mu 1940 akanakhoza kutenga malo m'nyumbazo. Koma masewera anali zimafika chifukwa inayamba Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

Kunyanyala kupikisana Mayiko

The ulamuliro wa mfundo Nazi, chiyembekezo chakuti ufulu wa anthu ndi ufulu, chizunzo cha democrat chikhalidwe, chikominisi ndi anthu otsutsa ena, komanso malamulo odana ndi Ayuda asiya palibe chikaiko, mu chikhalidwe opondereza ndi mwamakani, chikhalidwe kusankhana mitundu ya Hitler. Mwakhama kupita pomanga misasa ndende awiri amene - mu Sachsenhausen (pafupi Oranienburg) ndi Dachau (pafupi Munich) yapangitsa akaidi. Ndi 1935, chaka chinayi German Boma kuyambitsa usilikali. asilikali Nazi analowa Rhineland (demilitarized pa nthawi) March 7, 1936. Chochitika ichi ndi kuphwanya mwachindunji wa Versailles Pangano. Mu June 1936, Paris ndinkakhala nalo ndi msonkhano wa mayiko osiyanasiyana. ophunzira onse anazindikira kuti likhale kwa kupikisana pa gawo German ndi yosemphana ndi mfundo za masewera okha. msonkhano potsirizira pake anaitana Kunyanyala lapansi. The International Olympic Committee, poyankha pempho anatumizidwa ku ntchito yapadera mu Berlin. Potaya zinthu, akatswiri sanapeze chilichonse kuti mwake mwanjira iliyonse mfundo Olympic.

Mpikisano lonse

Chilimwe Olympic ku Germany ndinkakhala nalo magulu 49. Dongosolo la othamanga 4 zikwi, kuphatikizapo azimayi oposa 300 amene anamenyera mu mitundu 129 ya mendulo. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri ankayimiridwa ndi Germany. Panali 406 othamanga. Nambala wachiwiri kukula kwa ophunzira anali gulu US ndi 312 othamanga. The Germany anatenga gawo mu mitundu yonse ya mpikisano. Azisangalatsa maganizo a anthu mu timu anali mmodzi poluevreyka - Helene Mayer, fencer. Anapata golide Olympic mu 1928 ndipo mu 1932, tinasamukira ku United States. Koma pa Games ku Berlin, iye anachita monga membala wa gulu German. Pambuyo mpikisano, Mayer anabwerera ku United States, ndi amalume ake a Nazi anatumizidwa ku ndende ndende, ndipo anamwalira mu chipinda mpweya. Chilimwe Olympic ku Germany 1936 unachitikira popanda nawo Soviet Union. Pa mpikisano panafika anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu mu Berlin, kuphatikizapo za alendo miliyoni ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi ziwerengero osiyanasiyana zochita za masewera wotsatira 300 miliyoni. Man. Chilimwe Olympic ku Germany, monga zanenedwa, wakhala yoyamba m'mbiri ya kupikisana lonse, amene ukufalitsidwa moyo. Mu Berlin, ndi zikwangwani zazikulu (okwana 25) anaikidwa kwa gulu kuonera masewera.

chopusitsira Goebbels

Aliyense amene anabwera mu 1936 ku Berlin, kuphatikizapo atolankhani ambiri, amene ankaimira atolankhani a dziko lonse, anaona Nazi Germany mtendere, m'tsogolo, mokondwera dziko, anthu amene amakonda Hitler. Ndipo odana ndi Ayuda mabodza, amene kwambiri zolembedwa za kope dziko anaoneka nthano. Ndiye kunali pang'ono kuzindikira atolankhani amene anaona zonse farce izi. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, zinali Uilyam Shirer - American mtolankhani ndipo kenako mbiri odziwika. Patapita masiku angapo masewera, iye analemba kuti Berlin glitter chinali wapakamwa kubisa kumbuyo wopondereza kusankhana mitundu boma chigawenga. Pamene Olympic ku Germany 1936 itatha, Hitler anapitiriza akhazikitse awo oipa mtima zoti awonjezere German, anali alikukonzeka chinyengo ndi kuzunzidwa kwa Ayuda. Ndipo mu 1939, woyamba wa September, "mwamtendere ndi wochezeka" okonza masewera lonse anayamba 2 na- dziko nkhondo, imene mamiliyoni ambiri anthu anaphedwa.

Zotsatira za mpikisano

masewera Standout chiwerengero cha mendulo anapambana anali gulu German. othamanga German anatenga mendulo 89, kuphatikizapo golide - 33 siliva - 26 mkuwa - 30. bwino gulu wakhala anazindikira mwa Conrad mwachangu - masewerayu. Iye anapambana siliva wina, atatu golide ndi mendulo ziwiri zamkuwa. Malinga ndi azambiriyakale ambiri, ntchito bwino mwa akatswiri a German chifukwa ntchito testosterone kupanga, limene anayamba mu 1935. Mu malo wachiwiri mpikisano mayiko gulu American. Othamanga pa United States anapambana 56 mendulo: zamkuwa 12 siliva - ndi golide 20 - m'dera 24. dziko udakumbukika kwa nthawi yaitali span, lomwe ndinkakhala nalo pa masewero a Olympic a ku Germany. 1938 anakhala umboni woyamba wa. April 20 (Hitler la kubadwa) pa zowonetsera wa zopelekedwa ndi anatulutsidwa "Olympia". Usiku woyamba anali odzipereka la International Games ku Berlin. Analamula kuti filimu Leni Refenshtal. The "Olympia" yagwiridwira zingapo zotsatira kanema, akutsogolera ndi luso woyendetsa kuti anadzakhala ntchito ntchito yawo ndipo ena kinozhanrov mfiti. Ngakhale kuti "Olympia" imatengedwa ndi akatswiri ambiri tepi yabwino ya masewera, pamene inu kuwaona dziŵani kuti filimu yonse anali otani "nyimbo" chipani cha Nazi ndi Hitler panokha.