Galimdzhana Ibragimov - Chitata wolemba ndi zilankhulo: yonena kafukufuku ndi kuphunzitsa

Mukufuna kumva nkhani zosangalatsa m'chilankhulo cha Chitata? Today ife kulankhula za mwamuna wamkulu, amene sanakhale moyo mu nthawi yabwino, koma amene anali amatha kukwaniritsa maganizo anga kupyolera nthawi ndi kulalikira kwa ana. Pofuna kukhala bwino munthu ameneyu, choyamba kuthetsa wa mbiri wa Chitata mnyamata amene anakulira m'banja la mullah a.

Kudziwana loyamba

Galimdzhana Ibragimov - odziwika bwino Chitata wolemba, amene amaona ngati mpainiya Chitata mabuku a nthawi ya Soviet. Iye ali wopambana wa ntchito. Pazifukwa zandale, anamangidwa, koma mu 1955 iye asintha khalidwe lawo. Iye anali chapatsogolo wa Chitata zochitika zolembalemba, ndi kuwonjezera, anali munthu wapadera, amene anachita ndi sanaope kunena kuti anali ofunika chete. Aliyense ayenera kudziwa za anthu amene kumanga nyengo zawo. Galimdzhana Ibragimov - munthu kuti mtundu kuti sindingathe zopanda chilungamo ndi molimba mtima iri yofulumira kunkhondo.

Galimdzhana Ibragimov: yonena

mnyamata anabadwa March 13, 1887 m'mudzi wa chigawo Sultanmuratovo Ufa. Lero, malowa ndi Aurgazinsky District Republic of Bashkortostan. mnyamata anabadwa mu banja la mullah a. Monga mukudziwa, izi ndi mtumiki wa chipembedzo cha Chisilamu. Russian Ufumu otchedwa mullahs si akatswiri yekha miyambo Muslim, koma anthu komanso ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi. Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mfundo, tingathe kumvetsa kuti Russia Mullah ukugwira kwa wansembe, ndi zifukwa zomveka. Aliyense wa iwo anali mu mzikiti wina, pamene ntchito zawo bwino motsatira malamulo a akuluakulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Caucasus otchedwa Mullah atsogoleri a udindo m'munsi.

zokhudza mbiri za wolemba ndi osauka kwambiri chifukwa sanali olengeza ndi sanalembe Maulendo. Pankhaniyi, nkhani ndi anapitirizabe zomwe waukulu wolemba Chitata, umene uyenera kulemekezedwa ndi ofunika.

kuphunzira

Galimdzhana Ibragimov, amene yonena yaifupi, analandila maphunziko kunyumba. Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti bambo ake anali mullah - ophunzira munthu nthawi yake. maphunziro a kupulayimale analandira mu madrassas kumidzi "Hussaini" mu Orenburg. Iye mwachidule pasukulu Russian mu 1899. Mu zaka 1906-1908 anaphunzira madrassas "Galia". Kuti mu 1906 panali kumangidwa loyamba la wolemba, koma posakhalitsa mnyamata linatulutsidwa.

akatswiri utakhala

Galimdzhana Ibragimov ali unaonekera zosiyanasiyana. Iye anali mlembi, mkonzi ndi wofalitsa. Wolemba, anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wake chifukwa cha nkhani zake "The anamuponya kunja kwa madrassas Zaki-shakirdy", umene unalembedwa mu 1907. Icho chinali chaka chachiwiri cha sukulu. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti anali oyambirira mu mnyamata madrassas "Galia" analemba nkhani zonse chidwi. Patangotha zaka 3, anawamasulira deta yake yoyamba ya nkhani yochepa, imene inkatchedwa "Chiyambi cha masika." ntchito yake zolembalemba yathandiza kwambiri nthano ya anthu Turkic olankhula. Chitata olemba kwakukulukulu ali ndi chikoka pang'ono pa ntchito mabuku wonse, koma anthu, monga umene uli wodzipereka kwa nkhani ino, akhoza kusiya chizindikiro kwambiri mbiri.

Komanso, mnyamatayo anali mkonzi wa nyuzipepala zingapo ndi magazini. Komanso, nthawi zambiri lolembedwa ntchito kwathunthu. Ati mabuku ambiri ife sadzatero, chifukwa zonse m'chilankhulo cha Chitata. Iye, pamodzi ndi bwenzi lake Fatykhov Saifi-Kazanli nawo amasulidwe nyuzipepala "Kodi".

Books mu zilankhulo

Chitata olemba anali amuna osiyanasiyana ndi Mipikisano faceted, chifukwa moyo Wawaphunzitsa kukhala olamulira mu zochitika zingapo. ngwazi athu anali wolemba mabuku pa philology ndi zilankhulo. Ntchito zake zinali wotchuka kwambiri, monga mmene analembera iwo akatswiri. Komanso, akulemba kalembedwe ndi yosavuta, icho chinali chikhalidwe nchofunika bwino kuzindikira chinenero. Osati akatswiri a zinenero onse akhoza kudzitama luso kufotokoza ndi ntchito mfundozo molondola. Total Galimdzhana Girfanovich Ibragimov analemba mabuku atatu pa phunziro: "The galamala Chitata", "Chiphunzitsochi wa Literature" ndi "Njira chiphunzitso cha chinenero." Books zalembedwa mu 1911, 1916 ndi 1918.

chiphunzitso

Kuyambira 1913 wolemba anayamba kuphatikiza ntchito yake zolembalemba ndi kuphunzitsa. Ichi chinali chifukwa chosowa yosavuta tsiku ndi tsiku kuti apeze ndalama ang'onoang'ono. Kuphunzitsa ntchito anayamba kunyumba yake yoyamba ndi sukulu. Iye amaphunzitsa a m'chilankhulo cha Chitata, amene anapatsidwa kwa iye mwangwiro. Iye anali katswiri wa mawu. Galimdzhana Ibrahimov osati chilankhulo chawo, komanso amadziwa kwakukuru kugonjera mfundo ana amene akungoyamba kumene kuphunzira ndizosowa.

The aphunzitsi ndi kasamalidwe mkulu sangaunyalanyaze talente Ibragimov. Kale mu 1925 anayamba kutsogolera maphunziro Center kwa Commissariat Anthu a Republic. Komabe, mu udindo uwu, iye silinakhalitse - zaka ziwiri. Mu 1927 chinatha chifukwa cha mfundo zandale zomwe zinali zosemphana ndi mfundo Soviet. The chifukwa boma anali: "Pakuti ntchito yogwira mtundu." Mu zaka za pakati pa anthu, mu 1926, wolemba anakhala mtsogoleri wa gululo TatASSR pa Ine Onse-Union Congress wa Turkic, umene unachitika mu Baku. Akatswiri anasonkhana za romanization lolembapo anthu Turkic. Pa msonkhano umenewu Galimdzhana Ibrahimov anavota mokutsutsani akugwira romanization.

ntchito chosintha

Monga tanenera kale, ngwazi ya m'nkhaniyi zimatengera maganizo proactive ndi konse chete pamene panali mtundu wa chilungamo. Mu 1912, Ibragimov anasamukira ku Kiev. Pasanapite atafika mumzinda anapanga chinsinsi Muslim bungwe, chimene amachita ndi zofuna za boma. Patapita kanthawi zimaonekeratu kuti mtsogoleri wake anali Galimdzhana. Chaka chotsatira iye anali ndi apolisi, koma posakhalitsa apite chifukwa osakwanira kuchuluka kwa umboni mwachindunji. Ngakhale kuti mnyamatayo anali kumasulidwa, iye anali akadali nthawi yaitali pansi diso maso.

Zimene zikuchitika ku dziko anakula nthawi mantha. Zikuonekeratu kuti kufotokoza bwinobwino pokwiya pa zimene kunali kosatheka, chifukwa zinali zofanana ndi kukafola maganizo awo. Chifukwa cha ichi, maganizo ndi malingaliro a wolemba amasonyeza mokwanira ntchito zake zolembalemba.

Woyamba ntchito fanizo anali buku "Masiku Athu", imene Galimdzhana mfundo zake view zonse zochitika Powafotokozera 1905 zisinthe. Komanso pa ntchito yake tcheru kwambiri kwa nkhaniyi, monga ubwenzi Chitata ndi antchito Russian wamba. Iye walemba mabuku awiri, amene analenga pafupi chifanizo ndi chitsanzo cha womenya kwa lamanja la mphamvu Soviet: "Nthano ya Red" ndi "mizu". Woyamba linalembedwa mu 1920, ndipo chachiwiri - mu 1928.

ntchito zake anaona Anthu andale amene analandira mphamvu zambiri, ndipo mu 1917 wolemba anandiitana ku Onse-Russian Constituent Assembly.

chilengedwe

ntchito zonse Ibragimov akhoza kugawidwa mu zikuluzikulu zingapo: yophunzitsa mabuku, mabuku, nkhani ndi masewero. Nkhani m'chilankhulo cha Chitata wa wolemba - ndi mtundu wa pakhomo m'dziko chosiyana, amene anali kulamulidwa ndi mphamvu ya mawu ndi ukulu wa anthuwo akulankhula. Pofuna kumvetsa mmene analembera izi munthu choyambirira ndi luso, kuwerenga chimodzi mwa ntchito zake - ndiye chirichonse bwino. mabuku ake ndi zomveka kuti ana ndi akulu omwe. Komanso, iwo Amachitanso chidwi kwa magulu onse zaka. Mabaibulo Russian ntchito zake anapangidwa pambuyo kwambiri kuposa ntchito zolembedwa yokha. kusiyana ndi munyengo zaka 20-30. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi ya kulemba mabuku yoletsedwa Ibrahimov kuwerenga, ndipo apolisi anachita zonse kuonetsetsa kuti dzina ili amamuiwala.

The mankhwala oyamba lalikulu la wolemba anakhala buku "Young Mitima", limene linalembedwa mu 1912 ndipo linamasuliridwa mu Russian yekha mu 1980. Mu ntchito iyi olemba kupereka panorama zonse za moyo wa Chitata anthu osiyanasiyana m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri.

pambuyo zisinthe

Zitasintha Galimdzhana anapitiriza ntchito zake zina. Iye anaphunzitsanso maphunziro a chinenero cha Chitata ndi kuphunzitsa ana matchulidwe olondola. Kuyambira zaka 1920 kuti 1924, iye anali wantchito wa dipatimenti yosindikiza ndi lecturer pa University Communist ku Kazan. Monga mukuonera, Galimdzhana Ibragimov, amene yonena si zonse kwambiri mfundo, koma konse adakhalabe. moyo wake zonse zoyenda zapita, nthawi zambiri zinasintha malo ake a ntchito. Komanso nthawi zonse poyera kwa maulamuliro, kuyambira ntchito yake nthawi zambiri zotsutsana mfundo phwando.

Mu 1925 anakhala wapampando wa Center maphunziro a Commissariat of Education. Mpaka 1937, iye anali kazembe wapampando wa Muslim Commissariat.

mmangeni

Wodekha ndi ntchito kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Mu August 1937, Ibragimov anamangidwa. Izo zinachitika mu mzinda wokongola Yalta. Pyonsene pyacitika msanga: choyamba, anapitirira mu Dipatimenti ya apolisi mumzinda, ndipo kenako anatengedwa ku Kazan. Apa iye linatsekeredwa mu chipatala ndende, monga iwo amati, popanda mlandu. Mwatsoka, ili si mawu okuluwika koma zenizeni. Court palibe munthu amachita, ndi chiweruziro sanali. Monga tsiku lina mabuku onse a wolemba anachotsedwa malaibulale, ndipo dzina lake analetsedwa kumbukirani. Monga zonse zikuchitika nthawi - ndipo palibe munthu.

Ovuta motsimikiza, koma posakhalitsa wolemba anafa. January 21, 1938, iye anali atapita. Zinali chifukwa cha kuzunzidwa ndi bongo kapena imfa yachibadwa - Ndi zovuta kunena, popeza zinthu zonse zimagawidwa, ndipo ngakhale anthu wapafupi Ibragimova sindikudziwa momwe chirichonse chinali kwenikweni. Msangani wenewu inatha mwachisoni kwambiri ngakhale munthu amene wakhala moyo wabwino. Pali zambiri maganizo osiyanasiyana pankhani chifukwa Ibragimov mwamsanga ndipo mofulumira anafa. Tikupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha imfa munthuyu ndi chodziwikiratu kuti apambane kamodzi. Only atamwalira wolemba anali asintha khalidwe lawo, mfundo ngati anthu ena ambiri amene mayina achotsa kwa masamba a mbiriyakale.

chikumbukiro

Galimdzhana Ibragimov, amene yonena momvetsa chisoni kwambiri, komabe moyo imeneyi chikhalidwe. Kazan anapereka posthumous chipilala kuti wolemba, limene lili pa Arsk manda. Komanso dzina la Ibragimova Kazan Institute ndi njira yolowera mu mzinda. Mu 1987 m'nyumbayi chinamasulidwa mu dzina lake womenyera ufulu kwawo m'mudzimo. Mu Kazan, anamanga kugwira wolemba ndi kukhala zomveka sekondale dzina lake. Mu ulemu wa munthu ichi ndi dzina lakuti msewu mu Ufa, ndipo apo mukhoza kuona chikwangwani cha chikumbutso. Chitata wojambula Hanif Habibrahmanov anapanga anatsalira Galimdzhana.

Polongosola mwachidule zotsatira za nkhaniyi, ayenera kuti tilibe nthawi zonse kudziwa za anthu abwino, omwe sayenera kuphunzira kuchokera kwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri anthu amenewa "m'manda" m'mbiri chifukwa chakuti mawu awo unadulidwa olamulira khutu. Ndizachisoni kuti m'mbuyomu zikhoza kukhala zophweka kuti akanthe munthu ndipo mum'ponye pa mbali ya moyo. Ambiri khalidwe lopambana amene ngakhale anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso atamwalira, komabe amatanganidwa maganizo a anthu udindo umene Mulungu anafuna tsogolo. A ano demokalase tisalole chamanyazi chotero.