Galimoto zida. Kufotokozera, ntchito mfundo

The injini yotchuka kwambiri ya anthu anaika pa mphindi, ndi mkati kuyaka engine. Kulengedwa ndi ntchito injini galimoto wapamwamba, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa lomwe magawo tichipeza. Tiyeni tione izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Total DIC chipangizo

Aliyense wa Motors ali ndi yamphamvu ndi pisitoni. M'nthawi ya mphamvu matenthedwe ku kutembenuka makina zikachitika, yomwe INGATHE kuyambitsa galimoto kusuntha. Mu miniti imodzi, ndondomeko akubwerezedwa maulendo, kotero kuti crankshaft, umene watuluka kuchokera pa galimoto ya imazungulira mosalekeza.

Machine injini tichipeza machitidwe angapo maofesi ndi njira yomwe kutembenuza mphamvu kuti ntchito makina.

ndi maziko ake:

• yogawa mpweya;

• tiyipukuse limagwirira.

Komanso, ndizoonekeratu dongosolo ntchito:

• mphamvu;

• poyatsira;

• kuyamba-mmwamba;

• yozizira;

• kondomu.

tiyipukuse limagwirira

Zikomo kwa iye reciprocating zoyenda mu makina crankshaft akutembenukira. Yotsirizira imafalikira ndi machitidwe onse mosavuta kuposa ozungulira, makamaka ngati chomaliza kugwirizana kufala magudumu. Ndipo iwo ntchito mwa kasinthasintha.

Ngati galimoto sichinayambe matayala galimoto, limagwirira ichi ndi kayendedwe, mwina sikukanakhala kofunikira. Komabe, mu nkhani ya makina a ntchito tiyipukuse wolungama kwathunthu.

limagwirira mpweya kufalitsidwa

Chifukwa nthawi mafuta osakaniza kapena mpweya amalowa yamphamvu (malingana ndi maonekedwe a mapangidwe osakaniza mu injini), ndiye amachotsedwa mpweya kale utsi ndi mankhwala kuyaka.

Pamene kuwombola mpweya chimachitika wina kuchuluka pa nthawi inakonzedwa ndi kukonza zikoti ndi amatsimikizira khalidwe ntchito kusakaniza ndi kupeza zotsatira kwambiri kutentha kumasulidwa.

dongosolo kotunga

The osakaniza mpweya mafuta combusted mu zonenepa ndi. Kachitidwe pansi pa kuganizira nthawi okwanira kuchuluka ndi chiwerengero yosavuta. Nthawi zambiri mkati ndi kunja kusakaniza mapangidwe. Mbali yoyamba, mpweya ndi mafuta ali osokonezeka kunja yamphamvu ndi zina - mkati.

Mphamvu dongosolo ndi osakaniza mapangidwe kunja ali ndi chipangizo wapadera wotchedwa carburetor. Ndi mafuta ndi sprayed mu mlengalenga, ndiyeno amalowa zonenepa ndi.

Zida galimoto galimoto ndi mkati osakaniza mapangidwe ndi dongosolo jekeseni ndi dizilo. Mwa iyo watsirizika ndi zonenepa mpweya, kumene mafuta jekeseni kudzera mwa njira yapadera.

dongosolo poyatsira

Pali amapezeka-poyatsira mu injini. Dizilo unit Sikuti, monga iwo pokonza kudzera mkulu mlingo wa psinjika za mlengalenga, amene akukhala kwenikweni otentha.

injini ntchito makamaka mu mphamvu kumaliseche magetsi. Komabe, mu Komanso, poyatsira chubu angagwiritsidwe ntchito yomwe ntchito osakaniza ndi akayaka thunthu moto.

Zimakhala moto m'njira zina. Koma mabwinja othandiza kwambiri muyambe dongosolo lero.

poyambira

dongosolo zimatheka injini crankshaft kasinthasintha pa oyambitsa. M'pofunika kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi njira payekha injini wonse.

Kuyamba sitata zimagwiritsa ntchito. Uyamiko kwa Iye, ndondomeko ikuchitika mosavuta, mwamsanga ndi molondola. Koma pali zosinthika ya unit pneumatic, amene amagwira ntchito pa malo a wothinikizidwa mpweya mu amalandira kompresa kapena wotetezedwa ndi galimoto magetsi.

Dongosolo losavuta ndi kuti tiyipukuse imene crankshaft mu injini cranked ndipo akuyamba ntchito njira zonse ndi kachitidwe. Mpaka posachedwapa, madalaivala onse anamutengera iye naye. Komabe, ngakhale amene mayiko Pankhaniyi sipakanakhala. Choncho, onse opanda lero.

kuzirala

Vuto a dongosolo lino ndicho kukhala ndi zina kutentha opaleshoni unit. chakuti kuyaka mu zonenepa osakaniza kumachitika ndi kutulutsidwa kwa kutentha. Mayunitsi ndi mfundo za injini kutentha, ndipo ayenera nthawi zonse kuti utakhazikika ntchito bwinobwino.

Ambiri ndi madzi ndi mpweya kachitidwe.

Kuti injini zonse utakhazikika, kutentha exchanger chofunika. Mu Motors ndi madzi amene akutenga mbali Redieta ake, chomwe ndi kuchuluka kwa machubu kwa kusamutsidwa ndi angadzachite ake makoma moto. Kuchotsa zina kuchuluka kudzera fani, amene yakwera pafupi Redieta lapansi.

Mu pamalo mpweya utakhazikika zipangizo ntchito zinthu chipsyepsye usavutike, chifukwa chimene kutentha ndi kuzizira m'dera ukuwonjezeka zayamba.

dongosolo yozizira ndi otsika dzuwa ndi zina zotero magalimoto amakono sikawirikawiri anakhazikitsa. Kwenikweni izo ntchito pa njinga zamoto ndi zazing'ono injini kuyaka mkati izo popanda khama.

dongosolo kondomu

Kondomu mbali zofunika kuchepetsa mawotchi mphamvu imfa akupezeka limagwirira tiyipukuse ndi nthawi. Komanso, ndondomeko kumathandiza kuchepetsa mbali zoti ena kuzirala.

Kondomu mu injini galimoto ali makamaka ntchito opanikizika pamene mafuta yopezeka mapaipi ndi mpope.

Ena zinthu ndi afewetsedwa ndi kupopera kapena akusunsa mu mafuta.

Ziwiri sitiroko ndi zinayi sitiroko injini

galimoto chipangizo cha mtundu woyamba akugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana mwachilungamo chopapatiza; mopeds, njinga zamoto wotchipa, maboti ndi benzokosilkah. sangathe ake ndi imfa ya osakaniza kuyaka pa kuchotsa mpweya utsi. Komanso, atawapempherera kuti ayeretsedwe amakakamizidwa ndi zofuna kwambiri pa utsi vavu matenthedwe bata ndi chifukwa mitengo kukula kwa galimoto ndi.

Mu injini anayi sitiroko ndi kuipa izi kuyamika camshaft lapansi. Komabe, dongosolo lino mavuto ena. The mode bwino ntchito ya galimoto ya zimatheka mu uthunthu yopapatiza ya kusintha zinthu crankshaft lapansi.

Kupita patsogolo luso ndi zikamera wa Bu pakompyuta zotheka kuti athetse vutoli. Mu chipangizo mkati galimoto tsopano zikuphatikizapo ulamuliro atomu, umene ndi momwe akadakwanitsira nthawi mode amusankha.

Mfundo ntchito

Ice ntchito motere. Pambuyo ntchito kusakaniza mu chipinda kuyaka, izo wothinikizidwa ndi akayaka chifukwa mphanvu a. Pamene kuyaka umabala kuthamanga superstrong amene amayendetsa ndi pisitoni mu yamphamvu ya. Iye anayamba kukwaniritsa mfundo m'munsi akufa, kuti ndi wachitatu wotchi mkombero (pambuyo zakudya ndi psinjika), amatchedwa sitiroko. Panthawi imeneyi, chifukwa pisitoni akuyamba atembenuza ndi crankshaft. The pisitoni Nayenso kusamukira ku chapamwamba kufika akufa, amakankhira mpweya wa utsi, ndilo chachinayi wotchi mkombero injini - kumasulidwa.

Onse ntchito anayi sitiroko ndi mwachilungamo wophweka. Kukhala kosavuta kumvetsa mmene wonse galimoto injini wagawo ndi ntchito zake bwinobwino fufuzani zimaonetsera kugwira ntchito kwa mkati injini kuyaka kwa galimoto ndi.

ikukonzekera

eni ambiri galimoto ali anazolowera kuti galimotoyo, ndikufuna kuti ndichokepo pa mwayi wake kuposa iye angapereke. Nthawi zambiri kuchita ikukonzekera ili la injini, kuwonjezeka mphamvu. Izi zingathe kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, amadziwika Chip ikukonzekera pamene ndi kompyuta reprogramming injini amamasulidwa ku ntchito zambiri zazikulu. Njira ali mbali ndi adani.

A njira zambiri ochiritsira ndi ikukonzekera injini, amene amachita ena zosinthidwa ake. Izi zachitika ndi kuchotsa crankshaft ndi abwino pansi pistons wake ndi kulumikiza ndodo; Chopangira mphamvu chinakhazikitsidwa; kuchita mpheto chipangizo cha aerodynamics ndi zina zotero.

Galimoto chipangizo si wovuta. Komabe, chifukwa nambala yaikulu katundu, amaphatikiza, ndi kufunika kugwirizana pakati pa iwo, kuti limasinthira aliyense anali mukufuna amafuna mkulu Luso la amene iwo idzachitike. Choncho, musanaganize pa izi, ndi ofunika kutenga kuyesetsa kupeza katswiri woona za luso lake.