Gasi condensate

Phula hydrocarbon osakaniza (onse a dongosolo zosiyanasiyana osiyana maselo ndi chithupsa pa kutentha) kuti akumasulidwa monga chochokera condensate, minda gasi, mafuta ndi ogwirizana mu dzina ambiri - condensates mpweya. Kapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa yawo imadalira pa malo ndi zinthu m'zigawo Komabe zosiyanasiyana malire lonse. Komabe, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iwiri:

• khola mpweya condensate mu mawonekedwe a tuzigawo twa mafuta-palafini (ndi zina apamwamba maselo kulemera mafuta madzi chigawo)
• wosakhazikika mankhwala, amene, kupatulapo C5 ndi chimasanduka apamwamba, chimasanduka gaseous ali mu mawonekedwe a dziko-byuteni nusu.

Condensation zibwere kuchokera mitundu itatu ya zitsime, umene umabala:

1. The mafuta (ndi mu mawonekedwe a mafuta kugwirizana, amene angagone pansipa pansi mosiyana mafuta (zigawo) kapena zidzasungunuka m'menemo).
2. Youma gasi (yodziwika ndi okhutira otsika chimasanduka kusungunuka mmenemo, ndi otsika zokolola za condensate pa).
3. M'madzi gasi (yopangidwa kuchokera madipoziti gasi condensate ndi wolemera mafuta condensate).

Kuchuluka kwa zigawo madzi mu mpweya zachilengedwe zimasiyanasiyana 0.000010 kuti 0.000700 m³ pa 1 m³ mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, kudzipereka khola mpweya condensate zosiyanasiyana:

• Vuktylskoye (Komi) - 352,7 g / m³;
• Urengoiskoye (West Siberia) - 264 g / m³;
• Gazlinskoe (Middle East) - 17 g / m³;
• Shebelinske (Ukraine) - 12 g / m³.

Natural mpweya condensate ndi osakaniza multicomponent wa chimasanduka zosiyanasiyana madzi ndi osalimba otsika, mmene zigawo zikuluzikulu gaseous alipo. Iwo Zachepetsedwa ku mpweya yosakongola pa kutentha kuchepa pa tikubooleza (m'munsimu mame kufika chimasanduka a). Iye watchulidwa kuti "condensation" kapena "zachilengedwe mafuta".

Chiwembu kulekanitsa condensate ku gasi kapena mafuta zosiyanasiyana komanso zimadalira kopita kumunda ndi mankhwala. Childs, pamalopa processing anamangidwira pafupi ndi munda mafuta kapena mafuta condensate, mafuta opangidwa ndi wokonzeka kunyamula: madzi analekana lidzayeretsedwa pamlingo winawake kuchokera mankhwala sulufule ali kusamutsidwa kwa ogula chimasanduka C1 ndi C2, ang'ono chiwerengero chawo (kuchokera ncho) amawapopa mu formations kuti kukhala pampanipani. Kachigawo kakutali (pambuyo kuchotsedwa therefrom zigawo C3, koma ndi wokhutira ka iwo) ndi mpweya condensate, amene anatumizidwa chakudya mtsinje kwa ayenga kapena petrochemical unsembe kaphatikizidwe. Chimadzera ndi payipi kapena zoyendera thanki.

The condensate mpweya ntchito ayenga monga chuma yaiwisi kwa kupanga mafuta ndi chiwerengero otsika octeni ndi kuonjezera odana ndi kugogoda zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, mankhwala ali mkulu mtambo mfundo ndi kutsanulira mfundo, choncho ntchito mafuta chilimwe. Monga dizilo mafuta condensate kawirikawiri ntchito chifukwa pamafunika dewaxing zina. Vuto limeneli amagwiritsa osachepera theka la condensates za ntchitozo.

Yankho chidwi kwambiri sayansi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga nusu lonse la chimasanduka kuwala kwa kaphatikizidwe petrochemical. Ndi kukonzekera akuyamba processing mpweya condensate. njira chozama kupitiriza makhazikitsidwe pyrolysis kumene LPG ntchito monga chuma yaiwisi chopezera monomers ofunika kwambiri monga ethylene, propylene, ndipo ambiri mankhwala ena m'munsili. Ndiye ethylene walangizidwa zida za polymerization, ndi kuwapeza osiyana sukulu polyethylene. Chifukwa analandira polypropylene propylene polymerization. Butylene-butadiene kachigawo ntchito kupanga mphira. C6 ndi chimasanduka apamwamba ndi zopangira kwa kupanga petrochemical kaphatikizidwe (anakonza benzene), ndi zochepa za C5, ndilo zopangira chopezera mankhwala wapatali mpaka ntchito inefficiently.