Gydansky chilumba: madipoziti, nyengo dera. Reserve pa chilumba Gydan

Gydan Peninsula nkhanza nyengo kudziwika miyala ya mafuta ndi gasi. Koma osati. Pa m'gawo lake ndi kusungitsa. Kodi nyama zapamtunda ndi nyanja imamera, akuwerenga nkhani.

Ali Peninsula Gydansky?

Iwo lili kumpoto kwa zigwa Siberia wa Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. pachilumbachi kusamba ndi Nyanja Kara. Gawo Gydan chilumba amatenga makilomita anayi m'litali ndi mmene m'lifupi. padziko ukufanizidwa ndi zigwa mapiri wapangidwa madipoziti m'madzi komanso glacial, pa mbali ya kum'mwera kudutsa mu phiri.

Njirayi imatchedwa Taman, kutalika kwake - mamita mazana awiri. Gydan Peninsula, komwe nyengo wouma mtima, ndi malo a Taz dera la Yamal ndi Taimyr District, Krasnoyarsk Gawo.

Nyengo ya Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District

Mphamvu kuwombola kutentha ndi makope mlengalenga zimadalira cheza cha dzuwa. Kodi adzakhala mbali ya ndingaliro ya kuwala dzuwa anatsimikiza malo dera. Pa chilumba Gydan wina centimeter dera lalikulu amapatsidwa makumi asanu ndi zopatsa mphamvu cheza dzuwa.

Chiwerengero cha masiku pa chaka ndi kutentha pamwamba ziro - zana ndi zisanu zana ndi khumi. M'nyengo yozizira, makope m'mlengalenga umamumvera Asian High. Ndi kufooka kwake mu distilikiti kusandulika kudutsa misa mpweya ku Atlantic Ocean. Pa nthawi iyi, apo pakubwera kwanyengo ndi m'firiji pamtunda, kwambiri wa chisanu.

Zima pa Gydan Peninsula ndi motalikitsa nyengo nyengo. Mu Arctic izo kumatenga miyezi itatu. The osachepera mtheradi kutentha ndi opanda madigiri makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Chisanu chivundikiro ukufika makumi asanu ndi awiri - eyite masentimita. Izo zimatengera malo chigawo. Nthawi khola chisanu amatenga masiku mazana awiri.

Gydan yotentha pa chilumba pafupifupi kutentha mwezi - madigiri khumi pamwamba ziro. nthawi N'chifukwa kwa mwezi wa July, pamene kugwa mvula pazipita. Kupatulapo ndi Titafika pamalo. Apa iwo ali ambiri kugwa mu August.

Nyundo pa Gydan Peninsula limapezekanso pa kutentha madigiri osachepera khumi Celsius. September ndi October yodziwika ndi kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kutentha pafupipafupi drizzle. Mountain m'madera ndi Titafika pamalo mazira andipeze pa mapeto a August.

malo Gydansky

Deti la mapangidwe ake ndi naintini nainte-chimodzi chaka. Cholinga cha chilengedwe cha m'dera limeneli - kusunga chilengedwe poyerekezera ndi zotsatira opangidwa m'dera mafuta ndi gasi kufufuza. Ndipotu, Akatswiriwa ndi drillers kwambiri linaphwanya mphalapala msipu kusaka ntchito makina lolemera. Gawo la nyanja ndi poizoni effluents ndi njira, akusokoneza malo achilengedwe a mbalame na pinyama. Gydan malo pa chilumba ndi zofunika kwambiri kuteteza mbalame flyway, amene amayendetsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja Asian ya kumpoto.

Ndi wamng'ono malo Tyumen. Malo malo ake ndi Taz dera. malo The akuchita chilumba Gydansky, Yavay, mphalapala, yaikuluyi ndi zilumba yaing'ono. Malo mahekitala 878.174.000. The malo m'dera - kumveka mtunda ndi yofewa, steeply mumbali. Pali achisanu, lotayirira madipoziti ndi matalala amphamvu nthaka, ndi makulidwe a zigawo ndi mamita 4-5. alili ndi zophimbidwa ndi Madzi oundana mpaka mamita mazana atatu kwambiri. July kwa August amaonedwa miyezi otchulidwa pa chaka, ndi January - ndi ozizira kwambiri ndi kutentha mtheradi osachepera - opanda madigiri makumi asanu ndi zitatu.

ka madzi

North Reserve m'malire nyanja ozizira mu Russian Arctic - Kara. Lalikulu zone zikawonongeka pa dziko ndi gawo lino. Choncho, madzi atsopano a mitsinje loyenda m'nyanja bwanji mkati makilomita zikwi ziwiri kuchokera mkamwa. Chizindikiro cha kusintha madzi amenewa. Chofunika kwambiri kwa West Siberia ndi Nyanja Kara ndi Yenisei ndi ob. Pambuyo thandizo la nyanja ndi ndondomeko aumbike utuluke mtsinje. Mitsinje Zakudya kusungunuka oundana. M'chaka mtsinje ali wodzazidwa ndi madzi, koma uli mwa iwo zocheperatu. Kagulu rivulet amaundana pansi m'nyengo yozizira. Titafika pamalo mtsinjewu kumulowetsa kwambiri. Nyanjayi ndi osaya, kotero m'nyengo yozizira amaundana pa kuya lonse. Madzi ambiri a iwo otsika mu mchere.

zomera malo

Mosiyana ndi kum'mwera Yamal Peninsula Gydan patapita anaonekera krupnotabunnoe mphalapala ndi chitukuko cha pachilumbachi. Iwo unachita mu kusamala nthaka ndi zomera mawonekedwe zachilengedwe. Dera la zilumba mu Nyanja Kara ndi kumpoto kwa chilumba mukukhala Gydan anabala nthaka ndi zomera zokongola, amene anapanga ndi Moss, zokwawa zitsamba, lichens ndi udzu, amene chogwidwa ndi sedges. The malo m'dera wolemera bogs zovuta Transitional ili mu kunsi kwa watersheds ndi floodplains. M'madera ena kumene nyanja adzauma, kufalitsa meadows ndi ochepa zomera herbaceous.

Chikhalidwe cha m'dera limeneli kwa zaka zambiri kufooketsedwa ndi anthu zamakolo - Nenets. Iwo msipu ng'ombe, kudula mitengo, moto mwapadera anakonza zokulitsa dera msipu zinkapezeka. Tsopano kum'mwera kwa malo ambiri larch. Pakati - ndi alder, ambiri woimira Titafika pamalo subzone. Flora ali ku mitundu mazana awiri zomera. chiwerengerochi imasiyana malingana alili.

Mbalame ndi zinyama

Zinyama Reserve wachinyamata. Zotsalira wamkulu wa okwana yaikuluyi wa zaka zikwi makumi asanu. The Red Book la Chitaganya cha Chirasha wodzilemekeza Siberia Nsombazi ndi lachikasu billed abakhawa, Wamng'ono White-fronted ndi Red-breasted Goose, tsekwe ang'ono ndi muimba, Orlan - tailed, ndi chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira, walrus ndi kumpoto chipsyepsye zinsomba. Onsewo - okhala pachilumbachi.

Gydan Peninsula, kumene malo ndi wotchuka chifukwa kukaikira mazira Red-Gagra, woyera-fronted tsekwe, bakha, kuleza tailed bakha, Mfumu Eider, Rock Ptarmigan, sandpiper-vorobeya, Asia Pacific Golden Plover ndi ena ambiri. Apa yokhotakhota zisa ndi mbalame za nyamazo - peregrine kabawi ndi akhakula miyendo khwangwala.

Mu malo ya moyo shrews insectivorous, makoswe, lemmings, ogwirira: zimbalangondo ndi zoyera, ndi m'chilimwe komanso bulauni, afisi, nkhandwe, nkhandwe. Ndi kunyumba kwa mphalapala zakutchire ndi mphalapala, ndilo alendo yekha malo m'deralo.

Anthu a beseni madzi

Kusamba madzi malo opezeka Nsombazi, lamprey Siberia, Arctic gale- - woimirira wa nsomba nsomba. Nyanja komanso madzi kumtunda zochuluka Grayling, woyera nsomba, Tugun, Arctic omul, whitefish ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya nsomba.

Mtsinje malo odzaza burbot, stickleback ndi ruff. M'mbuyomu, madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumpoto kwa malo atadzadziratu walruses ndi zisindikizo. Tsopano kusasitsa walrus zina anaona pa White chilumba. Mitundu cetacean ndi kunyumba kwa zinsomba beluga, narwhals ndi zinsomba chipsyepsye.

munda Gyda

Gawo loyamba la kufufuza zikugwirizanirana ndi zaka zao za sikisite zaka mazana makumi awiri. maphunziro anali kuchitidwa ntchito kafukufuku zivomerezi njira mafunde akusonyeza. Kuchititsa kufufuza zinthu zikawonongeka inakonzedwa mu nineties Mu zaka zapitazo. Pambuyo kuphunzira zambiri za zotsatira onse analandira Kamennomysskoye unapezeka ndi kapangidwe kumpoto ndi dzina lomweli.

Siteji yotsatira chitukuko cha chuma mchere madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja - 1999. Zonse anali wokonzeka kuonetsetsa kuti khalidwe la choyamba exploratory pobowola zitsime zikawonongeka. Anadzazindikira patapita chaka, ndi chifukwa kuti mafakitale mpweya wopatsa madipoziti anakhazikitsidwa. Chaka chomwecho amalembedwa ntchito zivomerezi pa yokonza pobowola exploratory m'dera ndi Chugoryahinskoy ob nyumba, kumene mu 2002 pa malowa anatsegula madipoziti mpweya Cenomanian.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, pansi bwinobwino zinthu ntchito madzi a pachilumbachi. Latsopano minda Gydan Peninsula chiwembu pa mapu ndi kuyamba kukula mafakitale. Panopa iwo ali matani theka miliyoni khumi a mafuta, trilioni awiri kiyubiki mamita mpweya ndi matani mamiliyoni makumi anai a condensate ake.