Helikopita yamakampani oyendetsa magalimoto Mi-8AMTSH: ndondomeko, zida

Helikopita, kwa nthawi yoyamba kuonekera mu mawonekedwe awo amakono, nthawi yomweyo anakopera chidwi cha akatswiri onse a zachuma komanso a usilikali. Izi zinali chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo, kuyenerera kwawo kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazimene ndegeyi inalibe phindu.

Ndi chithandizo chawo kunali kotheka kukweza oyendetsa sitimayo kuchokera m'ngalawa yowonongeka, ndi kuchoka pamtunda wodutsa kuchokera kumapiri.

Kuzindikiridwa konsekonse

Makamaka galimoto yodabwitsa inali Mi-8AMTSH. Ichi ndi chenichenicho "ndege", helikopita yamtendere ndi nkhondo. Kulikonse kumene iye anali, nthawi zonse ankakwaniritsa ntchito yonse yomwe anamupatsa ulemu, nthawi zambiri sanapite kunja ndipo amatha kutenga katundu wambiri kuposa momwe amasonyezera m'maonekedwe apasipoti a galimotoyo. Masiku ano pali ngakhale maulendo a helikopita iyi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri ya Arctic.

Mtengo wa Mi-8AMTSh umayenda padziko lonse lapansi: kuchokera ku Latin America kupita ku Afghanistan, ku Arctic ndi kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yoopsa komanso youma. Zopadera za helikopita iyi ndi yakuti ngakhale popanda njira yapadera yokhazikika yomwe imagwira ntchito moyenera muzochitika zonse momwemo, "katundu".

Mfundo zazikulu

Iwo amafunira kuti azitumizire anthu, pa ma pyloni akunja izi zikhoza kukhala zida zilizonse kapena zida zomwe zimakhudza ngati mpweya wa mpweya kapena mpweya, komanso mabomba osiyanasiyana. Makinawa ndi abwino kuntchito zonse za nkhondo ndi zopulumutsa mu malo ovuta kwambiri.

Mi-8AMTSH ya helikopita inalengedwa mothandizidwa ndi Mi-8AMT yosavuta. Izi zinachitika ndi akatswiri a chomera cha Ulan-Ude. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mtundu watsopano unasonyezedwa kwa anthu onse m'chaka cha 1999, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo adalandira dzina lotchedwa "Terminator", kutchula kuti kulimbana kwakukulu ndi kugwira ntchito modalirika komanso kupulumuka kwa makina. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, koma zida zankhondo za Russian Federation zinapangidwa patatha zaka khumi zokha.

Zochita ndi ntchito

Mofanana ndi oyambirirawo, Mi-8AMTSH adapeza mipata yabwino yokwera ndi kubwera kwa asilikali. Oyendetsa ndegewo akunena kuti pamakani omaliza omaliza omwe antchito samasowa masekondi khumi ndi awiri. Izi zimachulukitsa kupulumuka kwa makina, omwe alibe chidziwitso chachikulu.

Kuti akwaniritse ntchito yochititsa chidwi imeneyi, omangawo amagwiritsa ntchito zitseko zowonongeka komanso zowonongeka. Koma kusiyana kofunika kwambiri kwa chitsanzo ichi kuchokera kumbuyoko ndiko kuthekera kwa maulendo obwera usiku. Izi zisanachitike, mu zida za ankhondo athu, machitidwe omwe analola kuti azichita anali ataima, koma anali ovuta kwambiri, kapena anawonjezera kupsinjika kwa oyendetsa ndege. Mu "Terminator" zolephera zonsezi zidathetsedwa.

Zida zatsopano

Kuwonjezera apo, kusiyana kwakukulu ndiko kuthekera kwa kukhazikitsa chida chimodzimodzi cha zida, chomwe chimatchuka kwambiri kwa Mi-24. Pazochita zankhondo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mitsinje yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu, idasinthidwanso ndi avionics. Kumaloko kuli meteoradar yamakono, zovuta zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito misampha ya infrared, komanso zipangizo zamakono zoyendetsera sitima. Kukhalapo kwa zida zotetezedwa kumapangitsa Mi-8AMTSh VA kukhala yosazindikirika kwambiri kwa zothandizira zotsutsana ndi magetsi a adani.

Zida Zankhondo

Zida zingathe kuikidwa pa pironi zinayi kapena zisanu ndi imodzi. Malinga ndi mauthenga ochokera kwa akuluakulu aboma a chomera, mabungwe angapo a B8B20-A omwe ali ndi S-8 NURS (caliber 80 mm) akhoza kuchita chotero, ndipo n'zotheka kukhazikitsa mfuti zokwana 23-mm-GSh-23L. Mu uta ndi kutsogolo pali makina okonzera mfuti iliyonse ya 7.62 mm (pempho la kasitomala). M'chipinda chokhala ndi amphibious pali ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse, omwe amafunikila kuika manja awo ang'onoang'ono kwa oweruza.

Zotsatira zamtundu

Ngakhale Mi-8AMTSH mu buku loyendetsera ntchito yomwe ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsira ntchito kumenyana, masewera otetezera ndipo sangathe kufanana ndi Mi-24 yomwe ili pamwambapa, chitetezo china kwa ogwira ntchito, akuperekabe. Zida zimakwirira pansi ndi cockpit. Pakati pa chipinda chogulitsa katundu ndi chipinda cha anthu ogwira ntchito, palinso mbale yopangidwa ndi zida zosiyana, malo ogwiritsira ntchito muvi kumbali ina amapezanso zida zina.

Gulu lachindunji la galimoto likuphatikizapo anthu atatu okha: woyang'anira, woyendetsa galimoto komanso wothandizira. Kuonjezera apo, pakukonzekera ndi kutuluka ntchito pabwalo, pakhoza kukhala ena ogwira ntchito zamakono oyenerera kuchita ntchito zinazake.

Kodi cholinga cha helikopita n'chiyani?

Makinawa akukonzekera kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa kayendedwe ka mitundu yonse ya mphamvu zamtunda, izo zingapereke chithandizo chamoto chokwanira pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Helikopita ikhoza kugwira ntchito usana ndi usiku, pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse ndi nyengo, kuphatikizapo mphepo yamkuntho ndi mphepo zamkuntho. Ndi chithandizo chake, ntchito zotsatirazi zingathe kuchitika:

• Kufika / kutsika kwa kubwera, kuphatikizapo kutsutsana kwa moto kwa mdani.
• Kuphimba asilikali ndi kupereka chithandizo cha air.
• Ngati mabomba a NURS ndi ma air atayikidwa pa pylons, makinawa akhoza kuwononga zida zowonjezera, magalimoto ovala zowonongeka ndi adani omwe akugwira ntchito m'mbuyo.
• Anthu ogwira ntchitoyo amatha kuchita ntchito kuti awononge nyanja za adani kapena zida zowonongeka pa nthawi yomwe ikufika.
• M'malo mwake, helikopita ya Mi-8AMTSh yokhala ndi mpambano yofanana imathandizira moto wa mphamvu yake yoyendetsa, mwazimenezo pamene mamembala awo akufunafuna kuwononga mdani.
• Kufufuza ndi kupulumutsa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito sitima, ndege za ndege ndi ndege, atasweka.
• Kutuluka kwa anthu odwala ndi ovulala kuchokera kumadera omwe mulibe misewu.

Zosankha Zotsatsa

Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti kukwaniritsidwa kwa chimodzi mwa ntchito zomwe tafotokozazi, lamulo lingagwiritse ntchito chimodzi mwamasinthidwe apadera a makina awa, omwe atulutsidwa mwachidule:

• Kufika kusintha. Muyeso, asilikali okwana 20 akhoza kukhala ndi zida zankhondo, ndipo poika mipando yowonjezera, chiwerengero chawo chikhoza kuwonjezeka kufika pa 32-34.
• Kusintha kwa kayendedwe. Ngati palibe magetsi oyendetsa mafuta omwe amaikidwa, galimotoyo imatha kunyamula matani anayi. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi matanki amodzi / awiri, kusintha kwa katundu wonyamula katundu mpaka matani anai pa kuyimitsidwa kwa kunja, komanso chithunzi ndi njira yopsereza. Mawonekedwe atsopano a Mi-8AMTSH, omwe ali amphamvu kwambiri, adziwonetsera mobwerezabwereza pakuchita ntchito zopulumutsa mu magawo osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi, ndipo pokhapokha pa mbali yabwino.
• Zosokoneza zotsatizana ndi zida zankhondo zomwe tazilemba kale.
• Kusiyana kwachitetezo. Pali kusintha kochuluka, komwe kumapereka anthu okwana 17-20 ovulala kapena odwala pamatope kapena pamodzi (recumbent ndi mipando).
• Distillation / reconnaissance kusintha. Helikopita ili ngati kuwala, pali malo omwe angapangire matanki awiri ndi mafuta.

Kudziimira payekha kuchokera kunja

Kufunika kwakukulu kwa polojekitiyi ndikuti idapangidwa mosasamala za zigawo zina zakunja. Zisanachitike zochitika zodziwika bwino, ndegeyi yamagalimoto anagwiritsa ntchito Chiyukireniya zidazi, koma tsopano zakhala zikutsatidwa ndi anthu apanyumba. Oimira a kampaniyo "Russian Helicopters" amanena kuti nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zapakhomo kumapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino, chifukwa zimasinthidwa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Motero, helikopita yaikuluyi ikhoza kukhala yoyenera kuonedwa kuti ndi mutu watsopano m'mbiri ya mafakitale a ku Russia. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira nthawi za Soviet, dziko lathu likhoza kudzipereka lokha ndi "mahatchi ogwira ntchito" omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri, popanda kuthandizidwa ndi makontrakitala akunja.