The reactance inductive kwa AC dera

Fundo mu dera magetsi ndi mitundu iwiri - yogwira ndi zotakasika. Yogwira ankaimira resistors, incandescent, Kutentha coils ndi zina zotero. M'mawu ena, zinthu zonse zimene otaya panopa mwachindunji amachita ntchito zothandiza kapena, mu nkhani yapadera, kutulutsa kufunika Kutentha kondakitala. Nawonso ndege - ambulera yaitali. Zimatanthauza capacitive ndi inductive reactance. Zinthu dera kukhala reactance, ndime ya magetsi zimachitika zosiyanasiyana wapakatikati mphamvu kutembenuka. capacitor A (capacitance) amasonkhana mlandu, kenako amatumiza kwa kuzungulira. Chitsanzo china - ndi inductive reactance wa koyilo ndi m'mene gawo la mphamvu magetsi ali n'kukhala maginito ilipodi.

Ndipotu, "choyera" kapena reactances yogwira ayi. Nthawi mbali zosiyana alipo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kuwerengetsa mawaya mizere wautali mphamvu, ganizirani osati kulimbikira, komanso capacitive. Ndipo poganizira reactance inductive, ayenera kukumbukira kuti ochititsa komanso magetsi ndi zinthu zina kusintha kuwerengetsera lapansi.

Mwa kudziŵa kukana onse a dera gawo, m'pofunika pindani zigawo zikuluzikulu yogwira ndi zotakasika. Komanso, kupeza ndalama mwachindunji mwachizolowezi ntchito masamu zosatheka, kotero ntchito zojambula (vekitala) zomanga. Amanga kansalu bwino amene cathetus awiri mwakhama ndi inductive impedance, ndi hypotenuse - zonse. Kutalika kwa zigawo ofanana ndi mfundo pano.

Taganizirani inductive reactance kwa AC dera. Kuimira dera osavuta wopangidwa mwa mphamvu zoyendetsera (emf, E), ndi resistor (resistive chigawo, R) ndi koyilo (inductance, L). Popeza reactance inductive ndi chifukwa chololera anachititsa EMF (E B) mu ankasinthana wa koyilo, ndi zoonekeratu kuti kumawonjezera ndi inductance dera ndi kuwonjezeka mtengo wa panopa likuyenderera mu dera la.

lamulo Ohm kwa dera lino zikuwoneka ngati:

E + E B = Ine R.

Pambuyo kudziwa nthawi otumphukira wa zikusinthira (I taphunzira) kuwerengera kudziletsa kupatsidwa ulemu:

E si = -L * Ine Ave.

"-" chizindikiro mu aone kuti pali limasonyeza kuti zotsatira za E si ukuperekedwa kusintha mtengo panopa. Lenz ulamuliro limanena kuti ngati pali kusintha kuti panopa kudziletsa anachititsa EMF. Popeza kusintha kumeneku m'madera AC chilengedwe (ndipo zonse), ndi E B ndipamene kukana yokulirapo kapena kukana zowona. Mu nkhani ya mphamvu gwero la padziko mwachindunji , ubwenzi umenewu osakhutira ndi pamene pofuna kugwirizana koyilo (inductance) mu dera amenewo yochepa dera zinachitika tingachipeze powerenga

Kugonjetsa E B magetsi ayenera kupanga kusiyana akanatha apeza koyilo kuti zinali zokwanira, osachepera pa E si kukana chipukuta misozi. Ndizoonekeratu:

U = -E mphaka si.

Mu mawu ena, voteji kudutsa inductor ndi numerically wofanana ndi mphamvu electromotive wodzilamulira kupatsidwa ulemu.

Popeza ndi kuwonjezeka ziliri pa dera la kumawonjezera ya maginito nayenso amapanga zimakochezapo munda mbewuzo zikule mu inductance yopatsirana, munthu akhoza kukuuzani kuti pali gawo kosangalatsa pakati voteji ndipo panopa. Choncho mbali imodzi: chifukwa chololera kupatsidwa ulemu EMF kumathandiza kusintha pano, pamene izo kumawonjezera (woyamba kotala nthawi ya sinusoid mu) kauntala wakumunda kwaiye, koma kugwa (wachiwiri akuti) M'malo mwake - ndi anachititsa panopa ndi codirectional ndi patsinde pa. Ndiko kuti, ngati zopanda kuli abwino mphamvu zoyendetsera popanda kukana mkati ndi inductance popanda mbali yogwira, ndi kugwedera mphamvu "kasupe - koyilo" ungachitike kalekale.