Makampani a OJSC "Azot", Kemerovo

OJSC Azot (Kemerovo) ndi mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumzindawu kuti apange ammonium nitrate, nitrogen feteleza, carbamide ndi mankhwala ena. Kuchokera mu 2011, ndi mbali ya kampani yosungirako zachuma SDS ("Siberian Business Union").

Pangani

Ntchito yomanga mankhwala a Novo-Kemerovo kuphatikizapo chisankho cha Bungwe la People's Commissars chinayamba mu 1945. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1940, malo osungiramo katundu, malo osungirako zinthu, kusonkhanitsa, kukonza ndi kumanga anali atakonzedwa, njanji ndi misewu. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Predzavodskaya kunamangidwa kwa anthu 2,500. Panthawi yomangidwa, ntchito ya akaidi a GULAG inagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyambanso kwa malonda kunachitika pa 5.11.1956. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, misonkhano yopangira ammonia, masewera ambiri a sayansi, zomera zamagetsi, CBO, ndi zina zinamangidwa. Tsogolo la "Azot" (Kemerovo) linamangidwa ndi ziphuphu ndi malire.

Development

Kuchokera mu 1961, ntchito yonseyi yayamba. Kwa zaka 10 zotsatira, kupanga methanol, ammonia, caprolactam, sulfenamide, carbamides, sulfuric acid inayamba. Kwa zosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa, msasa wa "Berezovo" ndi msasa wa apainiya "Sputnik" unamangidwa.

M'zaka za 1970, gululi linaperekedwa mobwerezabwereza ndi mphotho za boma chifukwa cha ntchito yopindulitsa, yomwe inali yofunika kwambiri ndiyomwe ya Order of October Revolution, zikondwerero ndi zizindikiro za Komiti Yaikulu ya CPSU. Mu 1975 chimera cha Novo-Kemerovo chinatchulidwanso mu chomera cha Azot. Kemerovo yakhala malo akuluakulu ogulitsa mafakitale. Zaka 80 zapangidwe zinkawonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha magulu akuluakulu "Ammonia-1, -2, -3", ogwira ntchito pa gasi.

Nthawi yathu

Pambuyo kugwa kwa Soviet Union, "Azot" (Kemerovo) inagwirizanitsidwa. Pakhala kuchepa kwakukulu pakupanga ndi kupanga chitukuko cha malonda. Thandizo la bwanamkubwa Aman Tuleyev, yemwe adapatsa ngongole yaikulu mu 1998, anathandizira kuchoka kuvuto lalikulu. Makampaniwa akukhala mbali yaikulu ya SIBUR yosunga Siberia.

Kuchokera mu 2000, ulimi wakhala ukukula pang'onopang'ono, patapita zaka zisanu zapitazo, kutumizidwa kunayambiranso. Ngongole imakonzedweratu. Kuchokera mu 2005 mpaka 2009, SIBUR inapanga mabiliyoni 6 biliyoni kuti azigwiritsa ntchito masiku ano.

Kumapeto kwa 2011, mwiniwake wa Azot ndi Siberia Business Union. Kuwonjezeka kwa zopangidwe kunapitirira. Kuti chitukuko cha mbeu chiyambike kuyambira chaka cha 2012 kufikira chaka cha 2015 chinayendetsa 9 biliyoni rubles. Zotsatira zake, kampani yakhala ikuwonetsa zochitika zakale m'zaka zaposachedwa.

Kufotokozera

Anthu oposa 6,000 apita ku Azot. Antchito oposa 100 anapatsidwa chidziwitso cha Chemist of the Russian Federation. Chomeracho chili ndi magawo pafupifupi 100, opanga 1,000, yosungirako, nyumba zapakhomo.

Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunikira owonjezereka sichikungowonjezera nyengo yomwe ikupezeka, yomwe yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa zaka zoposa makumi anai m'gawo lake lalikulu, koma kumanga nyumba yatsopano, yomwe idzaphatikizapo magulu a ammonia, urea, nitric acid production, ndi porous saltpetre. Zida zatsopano ziyamba kudya zinthu zochepa zomwe zimapangidwira. Pa nthawi yomweyi ntchito yake idzakhala yosachepera zaka 40. Pulojekitiyi ikugwirizanitsidwa pamodzi ndi anthu a ku Italy. Chiwerengero cha ndalamazo chidzapanga 1,2 bilioni yokha yomwe ndi ndalama zazikulu kwambiri zogulitsa ndalama ku Russia mu gawo la kaphatikizidwe ka feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Ntchito yokonzekera imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe, zisankho.

Kupanga

Zaka zapitazo ntchito "Azot" (Kemerovo) yasiyidwa pa ntchito. Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka 37 kuchokera pamene ntchito ya ammonia inayambika, ogulitsa mafakitale apanga matani 1 miliyoni a ammonia. Mu 2015, matani 800 a asidi a nitric anapangidwa - izi ndizopindula kwambiri m'mbiri ya zomera.

Mphatso yayikulu ya chaka cha 60 cha ntchitoyi inapangidwa ndi ogwira ntchitoyi kuti apange ammonium nitrate. Zochita zawo zakhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri - matani 1 miliyoni a feteleza mchere, choncho ndizofunika kuti ulimi ukhale wofunikira.

Kupanga

Chomera "Azot" (Kemerovo) m'zaka zapitazi zatulutsa matani 84 miliyoni. Mitundu yayikulu ya katundu muzinthu zowonjezera ndi:

• Ammonia - 25,5%.
• Ammonium nitrate ndi 22%.
• Mankhwala a nitric - 18,5%.
• Carbamide - 15%.
• Caprolactam - 3.5%.
• Zida zina - 15.5%.

Kuwonjezera pa chikhalidwe cha mankhwala, kampaniyo imapanga malonjezano, choyamba - zatsopano feteleza feteleza mu feteleza: nitrosulfate ndi carbosulfate. Ntchito yawo m'mayesero oyesera anawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zokolola. Betani yaikulu imapangidwa pa feteleza zamadzimadzi.

Kusintha

Chomera "Azot" chimapereka chidwi chapadera ku matekinoloje atsopano ndi zatsopano. Makampaniwa ali ndi masitolo 45, omwe amodzi ndi omwe amayenera kupitsidwanso nthawi zonse. Mu 2013-2016, zatsopano zokwana 500 ndi zokambirana zinayamba. Ngati mchaka cha 2014 kusintha kwachuma kwa zopangidwe zosiyanasiyana kunafika pa 11.7 miliyoni rubles, mu 2015 - 58 million rubles. Mu 2016 chizindikiro ichi chinadutsa ma ruble 100 miliyoni.

Mu 2017, polojekiti ya kusintha kwa sulfuric acid chomera ku kampangidwe kochepa ka ntchito ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yopititsa patsogolo njira yotsatsira kupanga hydrogen kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha ammonia ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.