Honey njuchi zakutchire kapena zoweta. Njuchi: Mitundu

kufunika kwambiri chuma cha dziko lili ndi makampani monga njuchi. mankhwala Aika - uchi. Iye si zokoma ndi zopatsa thanzi komanso zothandiza kwambiri. Kuyambira kale, izo ntchito kwa chakudya anthu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda ambiri, monga angina kapena analamula kuti chimfine.

Sera chofunika kupanga uchi yokumba, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kulingalira kukhazikitsa ulimi wa njuchi. Iwo umupeza malonda ake ndi otchedwa phula - phula. A zambiri ntchito anyamule pamaso njuchi m'kagulu mitundu, genera, mabanja, madongosolo, makalasi, mitundu.

madera njuchi

Malinga ndi njuchi yakale anawagawa zakutchire ndi zoweta. Ndipo wina ndi mtundu wina amakonda moyo mabanja. Honey njuchi zakutchire kapena zoweta akukula dzira, ndipo, monga ife tikudziwira, ankaona kuti gulu limodzi la ntchito.

Evolution zasonyeza kuti kukhala mogwirizana - kufunika, ndipo chotero munthu ntchito ndi njuchi, samachita ndi nyama aliyense, ndipo ndi banja lonse monga ankapoperamo zachuma ndi zonse. Kwa nthawi yaitali kuchokera mabanja uchi njuchi sangathe chitani chifukwa amadalira pa iye.

Anthu a m'banja la njuchi

Zimene banja mwachindunji njuchi? Mamembala waukulu wa banja - kwambiri wantchito ndi make njuchi. M'chaka mukhoza kuona ndi drones, maonekedwe ndi chifukwa seasonality a. Chiberekero ndi ntchito njuchi yaikazi. Komabe, chifukwa sitili mu yotsirizira bwinobwino anayamba ziwalo kugonana, kapena yaimuna ndi drone ndipo kenako kuikira mazira angakhoze kokha mfumukazi. Inaimitsidwa (ndi zina, kwathunthu anasiya) pa ndondomeko ya dzira atagona osakwanira chakudya komanso chifukwa kutentha otsika yozungulira.

mitundu ya njuchi

Ndiyamika maphunziro ambiri, inali kudziŵika kuti mtundu wa njuchi ndi m'magulu anayi. Mitundu ya njuchi anapereka Indian njuchi lalikulu, sing'anga Indian njuchi, njuchi ndi yaing'ono Indian mwachindunji njuchi. Chidwi kwambiri ndi honeybee.

Mbali yofunika ya tizilombo izi ndi kuti kaya ndi uchi njuchi zakutchire kapena zoweta, iwo kuwonjezera uchi mosiyana ana. Ndi yabwino, chifukwa Pankhaniyi munthu mosamala amasankha mbali zina za izo, ndipo sakuwupweteka pa foni chomwecho.

malo

Mitundu ya njuchi kudziwa malo awo: njuchi, ayipanga ndi mwamuna, iye amakhala mu mng'oma, ndi njuchi zakutchire moyo akubisala m'dzenje mtengo mu nkhalango kapena mu nthaka, ndiye, othawira malo amenewo kumene palibe kungasokoneze chilengedwe kunja. uchi analandira tastier mu malo omasuka, ndi kuchuluka kwa izo zambiri.

Honey njuchi zakutchire kapena zoweta, kupeza malo omasuka yekha, ukuyamba uchi sera, amene wapangidwa maselo ambiri. Izi njuchi pakuika mungu (usinda) ndi uchi mwachindunji. Kapangidwe kwambiri maselo chikuchitika kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ntchito yomanga uchi zambiri m'litali ndi m'lifupi, kenako ophatikizidwa mu selo limodzi. maselo Normal ndi mtundu woyera ndi makulidwe a 22-25 mm. Komabe, iwo amakhala mdima, ngati akhala kuzionetsa kapena linanena bungwe njuchi kapena drones. A banja amphamvu ndi katundu zolimbitsa wa nthawi masika-chilimwe akhoza kuonetsetsa kumanga kuti makilogalamu awiri a phula.

Kodi moyo Bee ambiri

Honey njuchi zakutchire kapena kunyumba ali m'malo sizikhalitsa: m'chilimwe ndi miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Pankhani wintering ntchito njuchi, tiyenera kulankhula za moyo wautali amayembekezeka - kuchokera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka miyezi itatu. Moyo wa njuchi lonse zimadalira "kuwerengetsera" izo pa ntchito.

Njuchi za ntchito chiyani ambiri mwa ntchito m'banja komanso kuchita zonse mitundu ya ntchito, kuwonjezera kuika mazira. Ponseponse anachita ndi njuchi ntchito - mfundo zomveka ndithu, chifukwa thupi la pafupifupi chikhalidwe njuchi mosabvuta ndi ndinazolowera kuchita ntchito:

- ali ndi luso wopanda fungo, kotero kupeza ndi kuzindikira chakudya;

- pamaso kuchokera honeybee ndi zosiyana;

- bwino anayamba mapiko, amene podutsa mpweya kudzera njuchi;

- zipangizo pa miyendo, amene iwo ntchito kusonkhanitsa mungu;

- mbola - njira, podziteteza kwa adani kudzaukira.

Mbali yapadera ndi kukhalapo njuchi zopangitsa yotulutsa mkaka kudyetsa mphutsi.

Biology njuchi

The m'maganizo a mawonekedwe kwathunthu anasonyeza ndi zamoyo uchi njuchi. Ntchito njuchi chifukwa kukhalapo kwa awiriawiri ake anayi zopangitsa sera zingabweretse phula. zopangitsa awa sunayambe mu njuchi amene ali chabe aswa Komabe, pamaso awo amasandulika noticeable atapita masiku atatu okha asanu.

Njuchi kudya chakudya consistencies awiri: olimba (mungu) ndi madzi (timadzi tokoma ndi uchi). Choncho, tisaiwale kuti mouthparts njuchi kusinthidwa kwa woyamba ndi chakudya chachiwiri. Njuchi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka matupi kutumikira tubules malpighian (machubu angapo a zotalika mosiyanasiyana) ndi thupi mafuta. Ndi chifukwa secrete mankhwala njuchi kuwonongeka akuwuka mu ndondomeko ya kagayidwe: Asidiyu uric, asidi carbonic, mchere. Mitsempha ya magazi si otsekedwa ndi njuchi anapereka asanu chipinda mtima ndi msempha. Magazi njuchi colorless.

Magawo chitukuko cha njuchi

Development njuchi udzadutsa njira zitatuzi: masitepe a mazira, mphutsi ndi zikwa. Development wa mwana wosabadwayo njuchi dzira kumachitika kwa masiku atatu. Atatsala pang'ono mphutsi kuyatsa mfumukazi njuchi amayikira dzira chakudya pang'ono, kuti pansi mavuto dzira zake kuphulika. Ngati chakudya chimene osati kuika - dzira chabe umafota.

Larva maonekedwe akufanana ndi njuchi, chifukwa mapiko ndi miyendo osati kumatanthauza. Pa kusasitsa larva ake za kanayi angasinthe khungu, amene kukula ndi chitukuko ndi ayamba pafupi. Kenako larva ndi kuluka secretions England amanena penti padziko yokha. Pali kuika kudya ziwalo zatsopano ndi larva chifukwa anapulumuka molt chachisanu, resets chikhungwa ndi limakhala chrysalis.

Choncho, njuchi achilendo anatomical amazionera, ndipo ndithu zothandiza ndi udindo wa chuma cha dziko.