Indicators kupanga dzuwa mu chitukuko cha zitsanzo nzeru chitukuko

kusanthula wosonyeza kuti kugonjera asayansi za zili ndi Mlengi njira nzeru zayambika napeza Kuzindikira 6 mibadwo zitsanzo luso ndondomeko.

Woyamba (1G) ndi wachiwiri (2G) m'badwo kusonyeza liniya chitsanzo cha "mantha zamakono".

Pofika m'ma 80s wa atumwi wotsiriza zizindikiro kupanga ntchito anasintha ndi wachinayi m'badwo chitsanzo - Integrated imene aziona mphamvu kupanga zinali zochokera luso kusintha kumvetsa luso monga ndondomeko yomweyi ndi siriyo.

mbali kofunika kwambiri wa zitsulo kupanga zizindikiro ntchito monga mlingo wa mogwirizana ndi kupanga kafukufuku, mgwirizano yopingasa, kukhazikitsa magulu mtanda zinchito wopangidwa mwa oimira mbali zosiyanasiyana za ndondomeko luso.

Mu 90s wa kamodzinso kusintha zinthu zizindikiro kupanga Mwachangu ndi kukonza m'badwo wachisanu - chitsanzo cha njira Intaneti (5G), chomwe chimayimira pofuna chitsanzo Integrated, chifukwa chake chimakhala luso. The ndondomeko luso si mtanda zinchito, komanso multiinstitutsionalnym, maukonde.

Mu chimodzi m'badwo chitsanzo anapanga chiyambi cha XXI m'ma (6G) - chitsanzo lotseguka, maonekedwe chimene zokhudzana R & D kudalirana.

Malongosoledwe a ndondomeko luso anaika zizindikiro ngati za kupanga dzuwa, monga otchedwa "zobisika" kudziwa zinthu. Apa luso ndondomeko - dongosolo Mipikisano mlingo, amene amalenga mtundu wa zomangamanga kwa Kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa zaluso.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa kuwonjezeka lakuthwa m'mayiko otukuka, udindo wa mafakitale zina zamakono, chuma chopambana iwo ndi zinthu za nzeru katundu. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chimake cha ongolankhula nzeru katundu aziona chitukuko ndi kuphunzira mwayi mu ntchito ya ziyenera a njira malonda, zomwe sizikugwirizana mu taxonomy ndalama, mtengo ndi msika likuyandikira. zizindikiro Magwiridwe kupanga pano ali kaphatikizidwe awo kapena weniweni kuti ali pafupifupi palibe deta chibadidwe cha zinthu miyambo chitsanzo. Ali:

- chitsanzo cha chuma chofunika, anawonjezera - EVA ZINAWATHERA;

- chitsanzo anawonjezera shareholder mtengo - SVA;

- weniweni options kuwerengera njira - ROV njira.

Pa mlingo wa interoperability "chilengedwe kunja" - "Gulu" anadzipereka zinthu kulandira patsogolo ndi zikhalidwe za kufalitsidwa ndi ntchito zaluso.

zinthu m'gulu chopezera zaluso monga chitukuko cha mitundu zamakono gulu la luso: kuzipinda zogona, chandamale olaula ndi proactive.

The mavuto azachuma chopezera zaluso monga: Mapangano boma, amachotsera msonkho, zokonda, ubwino, kutchuthi, ndi ngongole pang'onopang'ono ndi zinthu zina.

Ndi mutsogolo ndi kulimbikitsa kufalitsa ndi ntchito zaluso monga:

1. Gulu zolimbikitsa za kusintha malonda ndipo sanali malonda luso;

2. zolimbikitsa Economic ankagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa luso.

Pa mlingo wa zimachitika pakati pa "Gulu" machitidwe - "Albucasis" ayenera kukhala chikhalidwe:

1. Gulu: chilengedwe cha magulu a anthu amaganizo amodzi;

2. Ubwino maganizo, makhalidwe kulimbikitsa kwa woyambitsa ndi Albucasis mwa kuphatikiza ya zitetezo za nzeru katundu ufulu Mlengi wawo weniweni;

3. Economic - mwachindunji zolimbikitsa ndalama wolemba ndi Albucasis: mwa kuphatikiza ufulu nzeru katundu Mlengi wawo weniweni, gawo mu phindu kudzera malipiro mafumu malipiro mpukutu pamodzi, mabonasi, kukopera chaulemu; tikupanga phindu zakuthupi: kupyolera nthawi ufulu.