Iwo kupereka nkhosa merino? Ubweya, ndi zambiri!

Nkhosa - ndi nyama zimene ambiri mankhwala, kuphatikizapo nyama, mafuta, khungu, mafuta. Kusiyanitsa chabwino-ubweya, theka chabwino ndi coarse ubweya Mitundu ya nyama. Pakati pawo, gulu osiyana allocated merino ubweya amene ali ndi makhalidwe apadera.

Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu wa ng'ombe merino a m'dera lino anaonekera mu BC 2-3 atumwi ku Asia Minor, kumene anayamba kufalitsa kwa West. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 zimasokoneza ankagwira akufalitsa ku Australia mpaka izi merino ubweya zomwe zimathandiza kuti apange zipangizo abwino, ife akwanitsa zimaŵetedwa ku Europe. Mu USSR, mtundu anakhazikitsa maziko a zitsanzo m'dera ndi kunja, abwino kwambiri ntchito mu madera osiyana a dziko.

Total akatswiri Soviet anabweretsa mitundu khumi osiyana, pakati limene Sales wodziwika, Stavropol, Askanian, Soviet Merino, Caucasus, Altaic ndi ena. Nyama zonse majini kuwonjezekeredwa Chili kutengera za kuti katundu zina pakhungu khosi (mu mawonekedwe a pleats angapo atapachikidwa).

Ubweya merino nkhosa yodziwika laling'ono mtanda gawo (fineness) tsitsi limene, mogwirizana ndi gulu ayenera zosaposa micrometers 25. Aliyense wa Mitundu pamwamba chithunzi ichi ndi chosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Soviet Merino amapereka ambiri ndi fineness a 20-23 microns (18-20 microns zochepa) ndipo Salskaya zimasokoneza - amangoona 20-25 microns. Komanso, pamene akuona khalidwe yaiwisi ubweya tione zimene ena mphamvu, crimp, kutakasuka, extensibility, ena kudzawala, mtundu ndi chinyezi amene nyamayi. Komanso ayesedwa mtundu suint.

Merino ubweya, ndemanga zimene ife njira zina amapanga yekha ndi kugula Mwachitsanzo, apamwamba knitwear, ndi katswiri ndi enviable kutalika mwini. Mwachitsanzo, nkhosa Salskaya miyala pa akumeta ubweya okonzeka zofunika ubweya kutalika pafupifupi 8 cm, ndi nkhosa zamphongo -. Pafupifupi 9cm Dziwani kuti anthu wamwamuna pafupifupi nthawi zonse analandira malaya yaitali, ndi apamwamba lochuluka la nyama (liveweight isanafike aphe angafikire makilogalamu 100 kapena kuposa).

kangati tadulidwa merino? Chovala m'dera limeneli la miyala anasonkhana mpukutu pamodzi, mu April-May, pamene mpweya ndi ofunda n'kulola kuti nyama anapita "popanda chida ubweya." N'kulakwa kuti nkhani zonse yaiwisi ali tatchulawa makhalidwe. Ubweya bwino analandira okha ku mbali ya kumbuyo, khosi, mbali ndi ntchafu aliyense nyama. Kuthetsa dzanja lake kuchokera zipangizo kuwapeza bere, miyendo, mutu, ndi pansi processing zina. Zokolola avareji koyera merino ubweya thanthwe za 42-50 peresenti.

Kodi mu Russia lero mwakula makamaka merino? Ubweya wa nyama zimenezi mu Middle ndi wotsika Volga, malo steppe wa Caucasus, kum'mwera kwa Siberia. M'maiko woyambawo nkhosa Soviet merino yapangidwa Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, ena m'chigawo cha Caucasus. Atsogoleri a chiwerengero cha nkhosa za madera osiyana lero ndi China, Australia ndi India.