Katswiri Kirill Butusov: yonena ndipo anapeza. Mabwinja a dongosolo la zowalitsa

Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, mu mibadwo yonse ya chitukuko zinthu zambiri nthawi zambiri kolakwika kwa misala ndi umbuli. Koma ndiye wa malingaliro "kuchepa" anapeza chitsimikiziro bwino ndipo patapita kanthawi anthu khamu ndi dziko maphunziro.

Science ndi pseudoscience ... Kodi choonadi?

Chikhalidwe cha anapeza aliyense kwagona kuti - chidziwitso osiyana, osiyana kumvetsa wamba. History akukumbukira atulukira amenewa. Chitsanzo ndi chiphunzitso Einstein wa relativity. amanena zifunsidwa kuti malo ndi nthawi - zokhazikika. Mwachitsanzo Modern ndi mgwirizano wa sayansi boma kuti n'zotheka kuyenda nthawi. Ngakhale pang'ono pasanathe zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, wasayansi aliyense amene anayesera kunena poyera kunyozedwa adawerengedwa kusanja wosadziŵa.

Nkhondo akupitiriza

Bwino ndi msinkhu wathu wa chitonthozo luso adanyamuka pa nkhondo ya conservatism sayansi ndi latsopano "kuchepa" kudziwa zinthu. Ovuta kwambiri anali asayansi m'nthawi ya Soviet Union. Kumvetsa mfundo za sayansi ndi njira chizolowezi adzathetsedwa dissent. Monga mu dongosolo lililonse ungwiro, njira imeneyi zinthu zabwino - kukulitsa luntha panopa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa maganizo "cholakwika".

Malingaliro lalikulu la Russia

Nthawi imeneyi, iye amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito monga wasayansi, amene kwambiri ambiri ankamva sayansi ndi zolakwa zake - Cyril Butusov. Katswiri, wasayansi-theorist waika patsogolo kuposa khumi ndi malingaliro za dongosolo la dongosolo la zowalitsa. Ubwino wake oposa mazana mabuku sayansi. Patapita nthawi, ambiri atulukira wasayansi wakhala zikutsimikiziridwa ndi astrophysicists m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Butusov Kirill Pavlovich anabadwa mu 1929 mu Leningrad. Mu 1954 anamaliza ku Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. Kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri pambuyo maphunziro anagwira ntchito achikulire zasayansi injiniya ndi Pulkovo Observatory. Kuyambira 1961 anaphunzitsa wailesi zomangamanga, sayansi ndi wailesi sayansi mu Leningrad yunivesite.
Pakati pa 1988 ndi 1996 anagwira ntchito makampani awiri kafukufuku "Alcor" ndi "Mizar".

Kenako, zaka zinayi Butusov ntchito monga mutu wa dipatimenti ya masamu zowerengera ndi kasamalidwe pa St. Petersburg University of Institute Research Management. Mu 2011 anakhala wopambana wa International Association anthu RusFO Prize (Russian thupi Society) kwa ntchito kwa sayansi.
M'nyengo yozizira 2012, iye anamwalira yotamandika kwambiri wasayansi-Katswiri ndi nzeru za anthu. Cyril Butusov mu zaka khumi otsiriza a moyo wake anakhala membala aulemu wa magulu angapo sayansi.

Gloria - chifanizo cha Dziko Lapansi

Ndi kopanda Butusova, mwachinsinsi chinthu ndi Sun ndi chifanizo cha Dziko Lapansi.

Planet Gloria nthaŵi zonse mfundo zosiyana, ndipo imazungulira mu kanjira mofanana Earth. Chifukwa chakuti liwiro matupi yemweyo, nthawi zonse dzuwa (mu mfundo zosiyana wa mpita wa).

Monga kungoganizira, kuti pali "amapasa" Dziko Lapansi - dziko Gloria?

Zikwi zapitazo m'mbiri ya mitundu pali nkhani kuli Mabaibulo ena a Dziko Lapansi. Mu Middle Ages, mu 1666 ndi 1672 a Paris Observatory inati kudziwika chinthu zenga woboola pakati pafupi Venus. Pa nthawi imeneyo asayansi amanena kuti ndi kachipangizo wa Venus. Komabe, monga kunapezeka, dzikoli mulibe makina.
Chinthu anaonekera m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, koma mfundo zodalirika ndi lipoti pa chochitika ichi palibe. Chifukwa cha Gloria ya Sun akatswiri amakhulupirira zimene mikuntho amphamvu maginito m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri.

Gloria - Bodza Zoona?

Kuchokera pa kuwerengetsera zawo za kayendedwe Saturn a, Jupiter, Venus ndi Mars, Katswiri Kirill Butusov anatsimikiza kuti dongosolo dzuwa thupi dziko. The zili m'njira ya mapulaneti pansi kufunika mwagwirizana lifanane ndi mmene zinthu zilili pokhapokha ngati pali "wosaonekayo" dziko.

Zochitika vagaries wa Venus asayansi sanathe kupeza chifukwa pali nthawi mathamangitsidwe ndi deceleration za thupi. chinthu ichi ziyenera kukhudza zina sizinalembedwe yokoka mphamvu. Pambuyo kuwerengetsera za kayendedwe mapulaneti ndi ulemu ndi mphamvu zawo yokoka kunapezeka kuti kanjira dziko lapansi ayenera kukhala chinthu china, ofanana kukula kwa dzikoli.

"Didimo" a dziko lokhalamo anthu ndi zolengedwa zanzeru?

Planet Gloria lili m'dera limene n'zotheka kuti kuli zamoyo. Pamene asayansi amakhulupirira, akhoza kukhala moyo zanzeru pa magazini Earth. mbari angakhale pafupi zaka mabiliyoni 4.5. Nthawi imeneyi, moyo wanzeru akhoza kufika msinkhu kuposa athu. Njira ina chitukuko kungachititse kuti imfa chifukwa cha nkhondo ndi mikangano. N'kutheka kuti dzikoli alibe m'mlengalenga ndi m'chipululu.

Makina anapezerapo kuphunzira nyenyezi ndi maiko a malo, yomwe ili pa otsika Earth kanjira. Iwo anachita anakonzeratu ntchito ndandanda walangizidwa makamaka chinthu kapena m'kamwa gawo. Reprogramming ndi reorientation chipangizo - ndondomeko mtengo.
Dzuwa lathu chimakwirira gawo lalikulu la kumwamba anati, mofanana 600 awiri a Dziko Lapansi. Monga Katswiri Kirill Butusov ankanena Gloria adzakhala kuoneka bwino pa malo a Mars.
Pofuna kutsimikizira zolondola kapena choonadi cha sanali kugwilizana kwa nkhani ino, m'pofunika kutumiza kachipangizo mu mlengalenga timasamala ndi malo. Spacecraft SOHO Sun zonse kuwombera, koma ali ndi mpita otsika pafupi Dziko Lapansi. Kuphunzira gawo wolakalakika anakhumba udindo nthawi khumi patali kusiyana ndi mtunda kwa Moon. Tsono patsala yekha kuyembekezera kuti, chifukwa cha mavuto ena tidzatha kuona "buku" padziko lapansi mpaka kalekale kukana kopanda ichi.

Nibiru - mlongo wake wa Dzuwa lathu?

Kufotokozera za Sun Chachiwiri ndinawona mu nthano pafupifupi m'mitundu yonse. Miyala Chisumeriya otchulidwa dzuwa chachiwiri sililowa. Official zakuthambo akunena malo a dziko Nibiru pseudoscience. Komabe, maphunziro posachedwapa anatsimikizira amanena za astrophysicists Japanese Butusova pamaso pa thupi chachikulu kunja Kuiper lamba (akuyamba kupitirira kanjira wa Neptune). Iwo akunena kuti Dzuwa lathu, ngati nyenyezi zambiri, ali dongosolo nthunzi. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso chake, ubongo wathu dzuwa lili nyali ziwiri, mmodzi amene unakhazikitsidwa kale ndi kutentha kwathunthu.

Mpita Nibiru ali ellipse elongated, mtunda pazipita za m'ma 110 Au (wina wagawo zakuthambo limafanana ndi makilomita 150 miliyoni). Malinga kuwerengetsera wa Astrophysics Butusova makope nthawi ya nyenyezi pafupifupi 40,000 zaka. Onani chinthu ichi ndi mabvuto chifukwa cha kutalika lalikulu ndi kusowa kwa luminosity.
Nibiru (Raja-dzuwa) - yaikulu mdima bulauni nyenyezi yaing'ono. Ngakhale kuti nyenyezi za "wosaonekayo" pa dongosolo la zosakwana Dzuwa lathu, misa zake ndi mkulu, nthawi 6,000 kuposa Dziko Lapansi. Malinga asayansi ena, kanjira elliptical wa Nibiru akudutsa pakati pa Mars ndi Jupiter, ndi umaposa dongosolo la zowalitsa.

Katswiri anadalira limagwirira cha zochita za mphamvu m'chilengedwe chonse

Kapangidwe bayinare a dongosolo dzuwa (pairing zinthu) Butusova potengera zaka za nyenyezi kafukufuku ndi zinthu zakuthambo. Mu kuwerengetsera wake anatenga nkhani yokoka perturbations Katswiri mwa dongosolo lathu. Cyril Butusov woyamba anena mu 1958 pa ntchito ozungulira ya Sun ndi nyengo ya zaka 11-17. Komabe, ntchito ili sichinayambe lofalitsidwa chifukwa wosakhazikika pa mutu wake. Patapita zaka zingapo, asayansi American afalitsa ntchito zofanana, zikupezeka mu mbiri ya astrophysics. Cyril Butusov otchulidwa zovuta za buku la ntchito za "zina" kuzindikira pakati Soviet Union. Komabe, izi sanaleke wasayansi mu kuphunzira ndi kusanthula malamulo wogwila m'mapulaneti. Iye ankadalira pa "ubiquitous" ndi mphamvu yokoka akuchita njira mu mlengalenga.

Pomaliza

Ndithu chinthu chachilendo chachitika kwa spacecraft "Voyager 1". Pa nthawi ankawoloka kanjira wa Mars, ndi kusintha malo kugwira ntchito ndi mafano Sun, monga antchito NASA, ilili sanakumane ndi zambiri Sichinali anamasulidwa. The zinachitikadi, kapena kubisa deta, m'pofunika ndikuganiza yekha.

The strangeness wa zinthu kuti udindo ndi loyenereradi kuwombera "amapasa" Dziko Lapansi. Kaya zinthu zili weniweni, tikukhulupirira kuti tili za izo posapita nthawi tikupeza.