Khwalala, amene anatsegula Dezhnev. Dezhnov Semon Ivanovich. Mbiri ya atulukira Hrs

anthu ochepa mukudziwa dzina njirayi wotsegulira Dezhnev. Pang'ono pa moyo wa munthu uyu. Za kwambiri atulukira Hrs kwa nthawi yaitali sankadziwa yapamadzi Russian. Tikumbukenso kuti mpaka palibe mfundo zokwanira pa mbiri kuyenda, amene anapanga Dezhnev Umuna Ivanovich. Amene anatsegula munthu uyu, ndipo kodi kanthu, kukambirana m'buku lino.

Moyo Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev

Dezhnev anabadwa mu Veliky Ustyug mwina zaka zoyambirira za m'ma XVII. Atachoka kumeneko anapita ku Siberia kumene anayamba utumiki wake Tobolsk, ndiyeno Yeniseisk. Mu 1641 iye pamodzi ndi M. Stadukhin Ine n'kukamanga msasa ku Oymyakon.

Tsogolo mpainiya Umuna Dezhnev nawo maziko Nizhnekolymsky ndende, yomwe wakhala Buku kufika apaulendo Russian, akupita kukafuna ukhale kwa m'kamwa mwa Anadyr Mtsinje. Komanso ankapitapitanso pa mitsinje Kolyma, Indighirka, Jan, kuti m'kamwa mwa Lena. Komabe Dezhneva ambiri amakopeka ndi mtsinje Anadyr. Malinga ndi mphekesera, panali m'matangadza lalikulu la njovu, amene anali wofunika kwambiri ku Russia. Mu 1647 iye anali pa ulendo F. A. Popova, gawo la zomwe anachita pofuna atalephera kukwaniritsa m'kamwa mwa mtsinje Anadyr ndi Chukotka kupita mozungulira. 63 wapaulendo anayi zombo walunjika nyanja kum'mawa. Komabe, momwe iwo oletsedwa lalikulu floes ayezi, ndipo ofufuza anakakamizika kubwerera.

Yambani ntchito yatsopano

Pambuyo zinalephereka pantchito yake yoyamba, anaganiza kupanga ulendo yatsopano m'kamwa mwa Anadyr Mtsinje. June 30, 1648 ulendo molamulidwa ndi Semena Dezhneva lopangidwa ndi anthu 90 adatuluka Kolyma Mtsinje. Zombo moyamba nyanja ya kum'mawa. Ulendowu unali wovuta kwambiri. Mikuntho nyanja anataya zombo zingapo Dezhnev ulendo (2 of iwo adakhala wothyoledwa pa floes chisanu, 2 ambiri ikuchitika kukachita namondwe). Semyon mu Maulendo Ake ananena kuti koch 3 yekha (m'chombo) analowa Khwalala. Iwo anatsogoleredwa ndi Dezhnev ndi Alekseev Ankundinov. Anafika Cape, ndilo lotchedwa Chukchi mphuno ndipo anaona zilumba zingapo yaing'ono. Choncho Dezhnev anapeza khwalala pakati pa Asia ndi America.

M'munsi mwa Anadyr linga

Khwalala, amene anatsegula Dezhnev, anaganiza zofunika vuto lawolawo. Iye anali umboni kuti America ndi wodziimira Africa. Komanso, ulendo uno umboni kuti ku Ulaya China pali njira youma m'nyanja kumpoto padziko Siberia.

Pambuyo bwalo anapambana khwalala wotsegulira Dezhnev, iwo anatuluka ku Gulf of Anadyr kenako adzakhale Olyutorskij Peninsula. Ulendo chombo, mmene muli anthu 25, ndasambitsa kumtunda. Choncho, apaulendo wapansi anasamukira kumpoto. Ndi chiyambi cha 1649 13 anthu anafika m'kamwa mwa Anadyr Mtsinje. Ndiye Dezhnev ndi comrades ake anapita mtsinjewo ndipo anaika pali kanyumba. Komanso, oyendetsa anayambitsa Anadyr burg. Pali Dezhnev ndi moyo zaka 10.

kafukufuku Dezhneva

Kuyambira 1649 mpaka 1659 Dezhnev kufufuza mabeseni a Anadyr ndi Anuy mitsinje. inkapita patsogolo anatumizidwa ku Yakutsk. malipoti amenewa anali anafotokoza za khwalala lotseguka Dezhnev mu 1648, a Anadyr Mtsinje ndi Anuy ndi zojambula zinalengedwa mtunda. Mu 1652 Semyon anatsegula banki chimene munali walrus rookery. Pambuyo Dezhnev anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa nsomba nyama zimenezi mu Gulf wa Anadyr, chimene chimabweretsa ndalama zambiri Russia.

Tsoka zina za mlendo

Mu 1659 Dezhnev m'manja kasamalidwe wa Anadyr linga K. Ivanov. Patapita chaka chimodzi, apaulendo anasamukira ku Kolyma. Mu 1661 Umuna Ivanovich Dezhnev anapita ku Yakutsk, amene anafika yekha m'chaka cha 1662. Kuchokera kumeneko anam'tumiza Moscow kupulumutsa chuma cha mfumu. Dezhnev inapatsa mfumuyo lipoti mwatsatanetsatane maulendo ake ndi kafukufuku. Mu 1655 Semyon anapatsidwa udindo wa Cossack Ataman. Pa tsogolo la yapamadzi Russian silidziŵika.

Mbewu kutsegula mtengo Dezhneva

Mtengo waukulu apaulendo Russian ndi kuti watsegula ndime kuchokera kozizira ku Pacific Ocean. Iye anafotokoza motere ndi kukhala zojambula zambiri. Ngakhale kuti makadi tinapangidwa Semyon anali chosavuta kwambiri, ndi mtunda zoyerekeza, iwo zinali zofunika kwambiri zothandiza. Khwalala, amene anatsegula Dezhnev anakhala umboni yeniyeni kuti Asia ndi America nawo nyanja. Komanso, maulendowa kutsogoleredwa ndi Semyon Ivanovich kwa nthawi yoyamba nditafika m'kamwa mwa Anadyr mtsinje, kumene madipoziti walruses ankagwidwa.

Mu 1736 ku Yakutsk anali woyamba anapezeka malipoti aiwala Dezhnev. Awa, ndipo kudamveka kuti Russian yapamadzi sanawone kugombe la America. Tikumbukenso kuti zaka 80 pambuyo Semyon Ivanovich kum'mwera kwa njirayi tidapita maulendo a Bering, omwe anatsimikizira anapeza Dezhnev. Mu 1778, Cook anapita ku malo, amene anali okhawo za chiyambi cha ulendo XVIII atumwi. Zinali iye amene adayitana Khwalala ya Bering.