"Mapangidwe boma la Soviet" tebulo. Mapangidwe boma Soviet: mwachidule za zazikulu

Mapangidwe boma Soviet, tebulo njira zikuluzikulu zomwe idzaonetsedwa m'nkhani anayamba ndi Congress Chachiwiri. Iwo anali kusonkhana pa mphindi yovuta kwambiri. Petrograd anali m'manja a anthu wamba zigawenga zambiri ndi antchito. Mu nkhani iyi, Zima Palace, amene akukhala mu boma wogwirizira, anakhalabe uncaptured. mudziwe Ichi chikudziwika pa njira ambiri sukulu. Maphunziro "History (kalasi 9)" mapangidwe boma Soviet limafotokoza mokwanira wothinikizidwa. Anatsindika mfundo zazikulu za ndondomeko kuti mumve, izo amaweruza lililonse chodabwitsa monyang'ama. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mbali zimene anamuchitira mapangidwe boma la Soviet. kusanthula awo adzakhala lowonjezera chidule cha zochitika zazikulu.

wa zisinthe

Usiku wa pa 24 anali kugalukira mbiri ya October 25, 1917. utsogoleri wake anatengedwera ku Institute Smolny. Asilikali, amalinyero, amene anali kumbali ya Bolsheviks, popanda movutikira kwambiri wotanganidwa malo ofunika mu mzinda. October 25 pa 2:35 mu holo anayamba msonkhano mwadzidzidzi mu Smolny. Iwo Lenin analengeza kuti ulimi chinakwaniritsidwa.

Mapangidwe boma Soviet: chidule cha phunziro (kalasi 9)

Cholinga cha makalasi: kuti dziŵani ophunzira makhalidwe ndi zotsatira za ndondomekoyi.

zolinga:

1. luso ndi maphunziro lemba osauka, kupenda umatha kukhala pa maziko a chiwembu ake.
2. Development wa luso kulankhula za mogwirizana mawu.
3. Mapangidwe nkhani kamangidwe luso.

Akafuna phunziro: gulu.

Mtundu wa ntchito: phunziro kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano.

luso Ofunika akuyendera pa ntchito:

• Communication.
• Gulu.
• The ntchito za gululo.
• Luso mayamwidwe zakuthupi.

Zida: mapepala okhala, zolembera, pepala, kope, buku, kalozera "Mapangidwe boma la Soviet."

dongosolo:

1. Pangani akuluakulu. Kucotsa kalasi ndi lochitira dziko.
2. Union of Socialist-boma ndi Bolsheviks. The Congress Chachitatu la Soviet Union.
3. Features oyang'anira m'munda.

Kasamalidwe Nkhani yoyamba

Pamene iye analimbikitsa pempho la Congress Wachiwiri wamba, asilikali ndi antchito. chikalata ichi Analeredwa October 25, 1917-TH. The pempho anatsimikizidwa mapangidwe boma la Soviet. Mwachidule, pepala anakhazikitsa boma latsopano mu dziko. Mu kuchonderera ife tinene mbali yaikulu ya malamulo zoweta ndi achilendo. Makamaka, anafuula kuti:

• World.
• Chopereka malo wamba.
• The democratization a asilikali.
• Mawu oyamba a ulamuliro ogwira ntchito pa ulimi, ndi zina zotero.

mfundo zimenezi tsiku lotsatira inali kutchulidwa ndi akuyendera malamulo koyamba mu "Dziko Lapansi" ndi "The World". chikalata china unakhazikitsidwa boma loyamba. The Congress kulamulira zanenedwa za mapangidwe thupi antchito kwa kanthawi 'ndi anthu wamba, amene anapatsidwa dzina la Bungwe la Commissars anthu. komishoni apadera tasked ndi kasamalidwe ka Boma munthu wa moyo dziko. The zikuchokera matupi awa awonetsetse kukhazikitsa pulogalamu analengeza ndi Congress. Mapangidwe boma Soviet chinayamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Commissariats la Anthu:

• Labor.
• Ulimi.
• Asilikali ndi panyanja zochitika.
• Zamalonda ndi mafakitale.
• Finance.
• Maphunziro.
• Affairs ena ndi ena.

Chapakati ndi wapamwamba kapangidwe

Iwo anatsimikiza chitukuko zina za boma la Soviet. The Congress Onse-Russian wakhala analengeza monga thupi wamkulu. mphamvu zake zinali kuthetsa nkhani zokhudza kasamalidwe a dziko. Congress anapanga VTsIK (chapakati Committee Executive). Iye anatenga ulamuliro wapamwamba pakati congresses. VTsIK popangidwa ndi chifaniziro njila ya tuzigawo twa phwando. Mbali yoyamba inali 101 mamembala. Awa, 62 - ndi Bolsheviks, 29 - ndi SRs Kumanzere, 6 - Menshevik-Internationalists, 3 - Chiyukireniya Nazi ndi chimodzi SR-maximalist. Wapampando wa komiti wakhala mwala. Monga ulamuliro waukulu anali CPC. Iwo ankapita ndi Lenin. Limatchula za boma latsopano kuphatikiza ntchito mabwana malamulo.

Choncho, mapangidwe Union boma, amazilamulira ndi mphamvu ankalengeza Congress Chachiwiri. Iye anakonza mfundo za bungwe ndi chiyambi cha dongosolo latsopano utsogoleri.

Ntchito ya SRs Kumanzere

Pambuyo kulanda mphamvu ndi Bolsheviks adafuna kukuza m'munsi chikhalidwe. Kuchita izi, adakhala nkhani ndi kutsogolera SRs Kumanzere pa mavuto otsiriza adzaukitsidwa mu CPC. Pa msonkhano wa mu Komiti ya Nthambi Yolamula chapakati kumayambiriro November, chikalata kukondera Analeredwa. Mu limalimbikitsa mfundo yakuti magulu zokomera pangano ndi zotheka ngati Kuzindikila Congress Chachiwiri monga gwero yekha wa mphamvu, pulogalamu boma latsopano mu mawonekedwe chimene chimaoneka mu malamulo a. Mu December, zokambirana inatha, ndipo zotsatira zake zinali boma mgwirizano. The mgwirizano ndi Socialist-boma anapanga zopereka kwambiri mapangidwe boma Soviet, makamaka miyezi pambuyo zisinthe. Ndi nawo mwachindunji anayamba kukondwera naye kulengeza ufulu wa anthu akubera ndi ogwira ntchito Congress Chachitatu. chikalata ichi ankalengeza Russian Soviet Republic. The Socialist-boma pamodzi ndi Bolsheviks anagwirizana anakuvoterani kutha kwa ntchito za Assembly Constituent. chigamulochi kwathetsa zopinga ofunda, kubweza mapangidwe boma la Soviet. Mwachidule, mgwirizano ndi boma Social analola kuthetsa Vuto lalikulu kasamalidwe - kuphatikiza anthu a ogwira ntchito ndi asilikali akuluakulu. pophatikizana Izi zinachitika pa Congress Chachitatu mu January 1918, kumene zikuchokera latsopano m'Komiti ya Executive chapakati analengedwa. Iwo anali nawo 129 160 SRs ndi Bolsheviks. Komabe, mgwirizano umenewu sizinakhalitse. Atangobadwa mtendere Brest anali linalowa nawo m'Pangano, koma SRs otsutsa. Chifukwa, m'ma March 1917, anasiya boma. Mu July, ndi boma Social kupanduka, amene Komabe, mwamsanga kuletsedwa. Union kusiyana amasonyeza njira kunachitika anthu, zimene zinachititsa kuti ukule kusagwirizana boma. chitsutso ichi, ndithudi, amaonekera ake pa mapangidwe boma la Soviet.

zida zaboma

Mapeto a 1917 - chiyambi cha 1918 ndi. zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro m'malo akuluakulu akale boma ndi atsopano. Analenga zipangizo commissariats ndi nyumba zina zaboma. Chakumapeto October 1917, ogwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba 'asilikali unakhazikitsidwa. Kapangidwe ka CPC limodzi ndi Cheka - kutumidwa akuchita polimbana ndi zonyoza zimayenda ndi atali-kusintha zinthu. Kumayambiriro December 1917 unakhazikitsidwa Council Economic. thupi ili chinali kukhazikitsa ulamuliro chuma dziko kupyolera mgwirizano Commissariats wogwila zachuma. Kuwonjezera pa apolisi ndi Cheka ziwalo monga yofunika ya boma latsopano anali bulu ndi asilikali.

Zochita za boma latsopanolo

The Bolsheviks anali potengera maganizo a atsogoleri awo. Pambuyo kulanda mphamvu, iwo ankaona zikulu- kuswa makina akale boma. The Bolsheviks ankakhulupirira kuti dongosolo kupewa chakale ndipo sanathe kuthetsa kudula-m'mphepete modernity. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iwo akhoza kuganiza Mwina kusunga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito wotsatira kwa zinthu zina za makina akale utsogoleri. Bwana osadziwa wa matupi latsopano kulipidwa ndi luso lake lolinganiza ndi chosintha changu. The zolembalemba ndi kapangidwe kwambiri commissariats pali zosiyanasiyana wambiri wa njira ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zaboma. Zinali sanali okhazikika ndi chiwerengero cha matupi atsopano. Ena Commissariats opareshoni miyezi 2-3.

Makamaka kukhazikitsidwa kwa makonsolo

Izo zinachitika mu njira yamtendere, ndipo zida yimitsira wa potsimikizira-kusintha zinthu. chimango malamulo kuthetsa mphamvu ya oimira boma zakale ali chithandizo pamwamba, analalikira pa Congress Chachiwiri. Chigawo ndi mizinda zigawo kusintha boma latsopanolo zimakhalanso sabweretsa chisoni. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti boma chapakati kutumiza mu owayimilira. Chinachake zovuta zinalili pa kayendetsedwe Zemsky. Ichi chinali chifukwa kuchuluka kwa makonsolo.

Akulu Local, popanda kutha m'malo m'matauni ndi kumidzi dongosolo, kuyesera ntchito kuthetsa kwambiri kukanikiza nkhani ntchito ndi makonsolo. Motsogozedwa ndi matupi SRs ndi Bolsheviks (kuswa mgwirizano).

generalization ya nkhani

maphunziro tafotokozazi, yakuti "Mapangidwe boma Soviet (kalasi 9)." Gome m'munsimu mwachidule deta mbiri.

Pomaliza

Akuluakulu chapakati mbamphedza kuti mwamsanga pamene mungathe kufalitsa kukopa kwake m'munda. Mwezi woyamba, Bungwe anali osiyanasiyana mphamvu. Akugwirizanira ndi magulu ankhondo. Mu April 1918, izo wavomerezedwa ndi lamulo, chimene kazembe commissar anatitumiza ku zipatala, mabungwe mayunitsi, m'matangadza ndi m'matangadza katundu.

Nthawi zambiri, mabungwe m'dera mulibe kulankhulana pafupipafupi ndi ofesi chapakati. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti akhale ambuye mtheradi m'madera awo.