Kodi geopolymer konkire?

Nthawi zonse asayansi imachitika mayesero ndi zatsopano, zomwe ankafufuza osakaniza, kaphatikizidwe zachilengedwe ndi yokumba zosakaniza. Chotero tandem analola kupeza zipangizo ndi ntchito yapamwamba, kuyambira nyengo ya chiyambi yokumba timapitiriza m'mbiri zinthu zimenezo chikhalidwe wapereka. Zida analandira mwa njira iyi akutchedwa gulu kapena polymeric. Mmodzi wa iwo - ndi geopolymer konkire, ndilo atsopano wochezeka komanso otetezeka zomangila. Ndi manambala oyambirira "Geo" (mu Greek - "dziko") ndi chitsimikizo kuti zinthu zatsopano lili chachibadwa zosakaniza.

Nzeru konkire Kusakaniza si chinthu chatsopano - wakhala kwa munthu kuchokera kalelo: pomanga mapiramidi a mu Igupto kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofanana nyumba. Mwatsoka, Chinsinsi ake enieni amakhalabe chinsinsi kwa munthu wamakono, koma ndi oyamba a luso lamakono, asayansi anatha kubwezeretsa pafupifupi zikuchokera, njira ndi kupeza pafupifupi analogi chomwecho, geopolymer mwala ndi zimene anali kalelo. Koma mfundo imeneyi okha mbiri yakale ndi yamakono yomanga agwiritsidwa yekha mu gawo.

Kufotokozera nzeru yothetsera

Mmodzi wa katundu wofunika kwambiri nzeru konkire Kusakaniza - anapereka mphamvu pazipita mu nthawi yochepa anaumitsa kwathunthu anafunikira mlungu umodzi wokha, koma njira mwambo zosowa ndendende nthawi 4 yaitali.

Geopolymer konkire monga Portland simenti, wopangidwa mwa zigawo zingapo, koma zikuchokera zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri. The njira yatsopano Amakhala makamaka wa phulusa ndi slag - zinyansi za mafakitale osiyana. Poyamba, zinyalala otere kwathunthu kukonzedwa ndi kokha amaipitsa malo. Kumene, nkhani ya zipangizo nzeru sikungathetse vutolo nthawi yomweyo, koma phulusa ndi slag adzakhala gwero kwambiri a zipangizo za kupanga awo.

Ubwino wa ntchito

Malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi geopolymer konkire - mankhwala ndi tsogolo lalikulu: mosiyana Portland polimbikitsa ndi ntchito popanga ntchito yomanga opepuka. Koma si onse: mu makhalidwe awo teplosohranyayuschim chatsopano konkire Kusakaniza ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zipangizo zina nyumba, amene ntchito pomanga nyumba. Mwachitsanzo, khoma makulidwe a geopolymer izi masentimita 30 okha kusunga kutentha komanso njerwa, koma makulidwe a 1,25 m.

Choncho, ntchito yomanga ya njira nzeru, inu angapulumutse ndalama zambiri:

1. Mukhoza kumanga nyumba ndi zipangizo zochepa.
2. Chifukwa otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe zipangizo yomanga geopolymer kuchepetsa ndalama danga Kutentha mu iwo.

Features Ofunika

Malinga ndi akatswiri a geopolymer simenti ndi zomangila za m'tsogolo chifukwa ali ndi makhalidwe kwambiri ntchito, monga:

1. Low shrinkage.
2. Mkulu compressive mphamvu.
3. Kukana kuti zidulo.
4. Low permeability. mlingo izi ndi pafupifupi wofanana ndi yemweyo chizindikiro lubwe.
5. Kwambiri kukana kuti kutentha - mpaka + 1300 °. Asayansi anachititsa kuyesera kwa mphindi 120 kunali gulu la geopolymer konkire ndi Portland simenti ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kenako, mankhwala a osakaniza ndi nzeru anakhalabe labwinobwino kwathunthu, pamene mapanelo wa Portland nako ming'alu ndi tchipisi.

Koma chinthu cha mtengo wapatali kwambiri wa njira tiganizire ndi kuti allocates osachepera mpweya woipa.

Ngati Tikayerekeza Kapangidwe ka zinthu zatsopano nyumbayi, iyo ndi wofanana ndi wa mwala zachilengedwe, motero ali katundu kuposa njira zinazi. Koma ambiri Chofunika - angathe kukonzekera geopolymer simenti ndi manja awo, ngati n'kosavuta. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika.

The peculiarity wa zikuchokera

Chiphunzitso ndi wosavuta, ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu - zilipo: kuuluka phulusa, madzi, hydroxide potassium galasi madzi ndi slag. Chofunika zingamuthandize mphamvu ndipo durability. Koma iye yekha sangathe kuteteza chotsirizidwa ku ming'alu amene mosalephera pa shrinkage. Izi kumatha sangathe cha kukhalapo ntchentche phulusa. Komanso, zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse kulimbikitsa konkire Kusakaniza, ndipo chingathe kupirira zinthu zoipa.

Chifukwa phulusa? Chifukwa ngakhale palokha, chigawo ichi ali mkulu thupi katundu ndi sayansi, kotero oyamba zake zikuchokera amathandiza kusintha mphamvu makhalidwe a chotsirizidwa (mpaka mlingo lubwe).

Komanso ankafuna kuti tizikonda mphamvu ya chuma nyumba m'gulu silicates zitsulo zotayidwa. Akuchita ndi soda mu anachita, kodi polymerized. Kumabweretsa monolith olimba. Ndi izi zigawo anachita linapereka kwa zikamera cha dzina lina zakuthupi - umatchedwa shlakoshchelochnyh osakaniza konkire.

Kuyamba

Inu muyenera kukonzekera Musanayambe:

1. Mphamvu.
2. Zida.
3. Zovala.
4. Makina.
5. Mfundo.
6. Magolovesi.
7. Mamba kuwayang'anira mchimake.
8. Shuttering kapena kupanga, amene adzaponya njira wokonzeka.

An mwatsatanetsatane zofunika: kuti kukwiyira muyenera tsamba m'mapewa za mfundo zimene samva ndi alkalis. Zingakhale chida yabwino kuchokera kuthabwa.

Chofunika: Kusakaniza zigawo kupanga kutentha, kotero kusanganikirana azitenga chidebe kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha m'mwamba. Ngati mukufuna yankho wokonzeka msanga chisanu, akhoza pakhale electrolytes mu formwork lapansi. Pankhaniyi, iwo ayenera kukhala okonzeka pasadakhale.

Chinsinsi

Handyman, amene anaganiza kuti geopolymer simenti ndi manja awo, makamaka chidwi zikuchokera enieni a kusakaniza. Mu ukonde palibe Chinsinsi okonzeka, chifukwa tidaipanga kulisunga chinsinsi, ndi asayansi kupitiriza kugwira ntchito pa kuwongolera zipangizo nzeru nyumbayi. Mungapeze zosiyanasiyana zimene anthu Chinsinsi, koma pachiyambi akufuna ndi dongosolo lenileni ali sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita.

Kuwatsatira kupanga 1,0 L geopolymer njira kukonzekera:

• 550 ga ntchentche phulusa ndi slag zambiri;
• 110 ga madzi;
• 240 ga galasi madzi;
• 180 ga 45% KOH.

Onse zigawo zikuluzikulu ali pa malonda, ndipo mukhoza kuwapeza popanda vuto. Inde, mtengo zopezera mankhwala mapeto adzakhala kuposa analogues wa wamba Portland simenti, koma mphamvu zawo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zinthu konkire.

The luso lokonzekera

Ngati muli ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika zonse ndi zipangizo, mungathe odikira geopolymer konkire. umisiri ndi losavuta mokwanira, koma basi ayenera kutsatira malangizo onse:

1. Mu chipinda kumene ntchito ikuchitika, ayenera kukhala otsika chinyezi kuti hydroxide potaziyamu si "chinayandama". Chifukwa cha Mbali imeneyi ya hydroxide ambiri decompressed chabe pamaso ndikuika mu njira.
2. KOH ndi mwamakani zinthu zokwanira, choncho ntchito ndi iwo n'kofunika ntchito zoteteza zipangizo - magolovesi ndi Goggles.
3. Madzi galasi amadziwikanso ankaona kuti sanali hygroscopic ndi mwamakani - naye zochepa ochenjera.
4. ntchito zonse pa chiwiya chako chokandiramo ufa ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga.

Ngati mumamwa ndi chosakanizira konkire, ntchito mu ndondomeko izi:

1. Thirani madzi. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ozizira sangakhale - ayenera kukhala ofunda.
2. Kuyamwa slag ndi phulusa.
3. Kamodzi zonse zili bwino wosanganiza, kuwonjezera pa ma polima.
4. Sakanizani kufikira njira yunifolomu.
5. Thirani kusakaniza mu zisamere pachakudya.

An mwatsatanetsatane zofunika: ntchentche phulusa ndi mankhwala ndi mbiri mwachilungamo n'ngwokayikitsa zachilengedwe, koma chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito konkire Kusakaniza amakhala mphamvu wamkulu, amene amasunga nthawi yayitali. Choncho ngati kuli kofunika kupeza chuma cholimba, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa, koma ngati zinthu zachilengedwe, phulusa akhoza kutenga zochepa, ndipo mbali ya m'malo ndi simenti.

akamaumba

Kuti mfundo za kukula anakhumba ndi mawonekedwe, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito casing mofanana kwa wamba Portland simenti. Iwo kuwapempha kuyeretsa ndi mafuta utsi kapena wina aliyense (ngakhale masamba) mafuta. Kenako wokwera armature (ngati pakufunika), ndiyeno yekha mawonekedwe ladzala ndi simenti konkire. Pamene kudzaza ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti sakhala mwa voids chifukwa cha zimene a geopolymer a slab konkire akhoza osokoneza m'tsogolo.

Kale tsiku lina alimbitse preform: filimu anapanga pamwamba pake. kwake zingawonjezere yodalirika ya zipangizo, ndipo iwo akhoza kulimbana katundu apamwamba.

Zosintha njira

Pakuti mafani wa zatsopano, zinthu izi ndi munda lonse kwa oyamba zadumok iliyonse: popanga osakaniza konkire angagwiritsidwe ntchito zinthu aliyense organic. Choncho, zigawo astringent akhoza kukhala utomoni madzi sungunuka. Njira ina - ntchito m'malo PVA utomoni, ndiye emulsifier ndi polyvinyl mowa, amene ali mu kapangidwe kake.

Ena ntchito mu kupanga nkhuni akanadulidwa. Iwo ankawaviika madzi ndi mankhwala Mpweya umene mankhwala, kenako atagona chosakanizira kwa kulumikiza ndi zigawo zina, kulandira zotsatira zake ndi geopolymer konkire. Kodi kupanga kotero kuti njira chifukwa ndi akhale mawonekedwe ankafunila, anachiritsidwa mofulumira? Chifukwa chaichi, izo anazitsanulira mwa formwork ndi maelekitirodi yomwe mphindi ndiye mkati 60 kukhudzana magetsi. Ndipo magetsi si itsegu- kwa maukonde, ndipo umadutsa Converter ndi. Kamodzi kukonzedwa mpukutu waumitsanso, ndi formwork atachotsedwa ndi chopangidwa izi amafotokozera.

kupeza premixed

Siyense me kapena mbuye monga kuyetsa - anthu ambiri safuna kupanga structural simenti, ndi kugula okonzeka zopangidwa, makamaka popeza palibe vuto kupeza zikuchokera Kodi osadzuka: zaka zoposa 4 Russia zilipo geopolymer konkire pa maziko a zipangizo dongo PT. Opanga kupereka zopangidwa osiyana, mtengo wa potsata chiwerengero cha zigawo ndi kwake. Purchase chuma nyumba akhoza kukhala mu mawonekedwe a zosakaniza youma limene palibe hardener.

Akugulitsa ndi okonzeka zopangidwa nyimbo, ndi Russian ndi achilendo kupanga. kusiyana kwawo - mtengo ndi liwiro solidification.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti apange zopangidwa zotsatirazi Russia:

1. "Stone Flower".
2. "Sebryakovcement".
3. "Eurocement Gulu".

Wa makampani akunja ndi zipangizo otchuka a magulu awa:

1. German Heidelberger simenti.
2. Spanish GRUPOSUBDI.
3. French LAFARGE.

Ubwino wa zipangizo yomalizidwa

Lero, inu mukhoza kugula okonzeka zopangidwa akusowekapo konkire zopangidwa osiyana. Iwo anapanga ndi magawo zotsatirazi:

1. Zosagwira - mtundu W-W 2 12.
2. Frost - chizindikiro 50 F 300 F.
3. Kwake - chizindikiro cha M 50 M 500.

Komanso, zosakaniza yomalizidwa - kwa mayiko posamalira - mbali buku la mtundu uliwonse wa filler siyana malinga ndi mukufuna mapeto. Geopolymer simenti auzidwa ndi kuphatikizanso, koma nthawi zambiri m'malo ndi ntchentche phulusa. kuchuluka kwake ayenera kukhala wolingana Uwerenge ziwalo za wosweka mwala, mchenga ndi simenti.