Kodi interactionism wophiphiritsa?

Mu chi sociological sayansi, pali ziphunzitso zazikulu kwambiri kuti angatchedwe ndi paradigmatic. Ophiphiritsa Interactionism - limodzi mfundo izi, ozikidwa pa chakuti ankachita (ankachita) a anthu m'dziko zimachitika kudzera mwa kulankhulana, ozikidwa pa ulimi ndi kuzindikira zilembo zina. Man atamvetsera nzothandiza a kunja zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe dziko ayi, amatanthauzira chenicheni mwa zithunzi, zizindikiro, zizindikiro, ndi amalankhulira zizindikiro izi mu ndondomeko ya kulankhulana lotha. Ophiphiritsa interactionism, nthumwi otchuka amene anali asayansi American akatswiri John. G. Mead (1863-1931) ndi G. Bloomer (1900-1986), ri ankachita chikhalidwe amanena wophiphiritsira. Cholinga chenicheni cha chiphunzitso chimenechi - mogwirizana (mogwirizana) omwe ndi kuwombola anthu a m'nkhaniyi.

J. ophiphiritsa interactionism. Mead zachokera chakuti chizindikiro cha chenicheni cha munthu anatsimikiza ndi zimene anakumana ndi anthu ena, makamaka maganizo a dziko, nokha ndi anthu ena, kotero kuti anali masomphenya zogwirizana ndi mfundo yeniyeni koma ndi zenizeni zokhudza ena. Malinga ndi Yohane. Meade anthu ndi munthu chikhalidwe (neti "Ine") anayesedwa mu mndandanda wa ndondomeko ya ankachita interindividual. Ophiphiritsa interactionism chiphunzitso akusonyeza kuti chizindikiro angatanthauze chinthu, mwambo kapena chodabwitsa, ndipo kumaphatikizapo ena zochita kwa iwo, chimene tingasonyezere zinthu zina chikhalidwe zoyenera khalidwe. Komanso, chizindikiro - ndi njira imene anthu angathe kulankhula ndi kucheza ndi ena. ophiphiritsa interactionism mu Chaanthu zochokera kutanthauzira pa khalidwe la munthu, mmene "looneka" zizindikiro zimene zichita tanthauzo kwa anthu.

Mtengo lalikulu la John. Mead ndi iye anayamba timasewero kusewera umunthu chiphunzitso, malinga ndi zimene munthu, m'maganizo ake ndi zinthu zenizeni atsimikiziridwa kudzera maudindo executable ake chikhalidwe ndi ntchito za munthu mu nkhani iyi ndi osakaniza udindo wake chikhalidwe, analandidwa mu dongosolo chinenero cha zizindikiro zina ophiphiritsa kachitidwe. Kudzera njira ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa maudindo chikhalidwe cha munthuyo akufotokozera kudzikonda - luso munthu adzipereke monga chinthu maganizo ake.

selfhood anthu mu chitukuko lili ndi mbali ziwiri:

1) Mbali ya masewera, pamene mwana amayamba kumathandiza kuti si ake (mphunzitsi, dokotala, woyendetsa);

2) mpikisano siteji, pamene kutenga mbali mu mpikisano, mwana amaona yekha kwa maso a ana ena.

Aliyense gulu chikhalidwe . Amene akupereka munthu tanthauzo la bungwe, J. Mead limatcha umenewu: "zowombetsa mkota ena." Aliyense amaona yekha mu mawu a "ena zowombetsa mkota."

A wotsatira ndi wophunzira wa Yohane. Mead American wasayansi Herbert Blumer anakamba postulates yaikulu ya chiphunzitso. Ndi G. Bloomer ophiphiritsa interactionism mogwirizana ndi mfundo zitatu:

1) Munthu watsala pa maziko a makhalidwe, umene amaupereka kwa zinthu, zochitika ndi zochitika, osati chabe anatani kunja zolimbikitsa masoka ndi chikhalidwe;

2) mfundo yophiphiritsa osati monga mapulani zonse, chisanadze anakonza bwanji analenga, kusintha ndi kusintha ankachita;

3) mfundo yophiphiritsa chifukwa cha mankhwala ikuchitika zizichitika mogwirizana (mogwirizana).

Mu ntchito zake G. Bloomer tione mwatsatanetsatane khalidwe gulu la anthu, ozikidwa pa mfundo zofanana, zizindikiro, amayembekezera alinso ndi gulu chikhalidwe. Izi nthawi zambiri khalidwe amazindikira anthu timu, koma khalidwe gulu zina lachibadwa, monga zochita za khamu la anthu, mantha, etc. Khalidweli kumachitika mu zochitika za kuyan'anila za makhalidwe anavomera, mitundu mwachizolowezi aliko. G. Bloomer, pamodzi ndi magulu mowiriza nayenso anaphunzira njira khola khalidwe chikhalidwe - kayendedwe chikhalidwe, ndi kayendedwe ndi mtundu chitsitsimutso, ndi bwino kapangidwe gulu anapanga pa maziko a mfundo zofanana.