Kodi kudzala chimanga mu dziko?

Umboni wasayansi umasonyeza kuti chimanga anali kuŵetedwa za 8.700 zaka zapitazo mu Mexico, anthu m'dzikoli komanso makolo ake akale ndi teosinte mbewu. Kuyambira pamenepo, kutchuka kwake, chiwerengero cha mitundu ndipo zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya ntchito kumadalira. Wokwanira kuti ndi monga chimanga chachiwiri pambuyo tirigu-kugulitsa mu dziko msika. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti chikhalidwe wakhala wotchuka minda dziko lathu, pamene zikuwoneka ndithu mogwirizana, amakula bwino ndipo amasangalala yosalala ndi zokoma cobs. Nkhani yathu mmene kudzala chimanga mu dziko ndi ufulu kupeza apamwamba zotheka zokolola.

Chimanga Shuga: subspecies

Kusankha mbewu yofunika kwambiri: kuti mbewu, kenako kusonkhanitsa. Muyezo waukulu, umene uli ofunika powasamalira - kucha ndi magawidwe. Pa nthawi, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu, anaikira m'madera osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Siberia, ndi Urals. Nthawi zambiri tisaiwale kuti mtundu wapachiyambi (lokoma chimanga) ndi m'magulu zisanu ndi zinayi malingana ndi kapangidwe ndi tirigu kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe: wokhuthala (powdery) mkangano, shuga kukhuthala, waxy, filmy, ndi poluzubovidnaya ni, mwala, wokoma. Mu Russia, ambiri otsiriza mitundu itatu. Makamaka wotchuka ndi chimanga wokoma. Iwo ali palatability mkulu, yophika ndi ntchito mwatsopano kapena ntchito kumalongeza.

The sukulu yabwino

Musanayambe kudzala chimanga m'chaka mu dziko, kulabadira kwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya zakudya zachimanga izi.

• Gourmand 121 - amadziwika mkulu-ololera zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi kukana wabwino kwa HIV zithunzi ndi matenda ena .. kukhwima oyambirira (masiku 70-75), kutalika kwa masentimita 150, chisononkho -. 20 cm ndi oyenera yozizira koopsa ndi kumalongeza.
• Dobrynia F1 -. Early hybrid kutalika kwa masentimita 170, chisononkho kukula kwa masentimita 25 mwangwiro Amasintha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dothi, kugonjetsedwa ndi zithunzi, ndi dzimbiri, mufuna, ndipo timaliyamikira kwambiri chifukwa palatability zake zabwino.
• Mzimu - khola mkulu ololera zosiyanasiyana, oyenera m'madera ambiri. Kutalika kwa tsinde kuti 2 m, chisononkho - 20 cm, oyambirira yakucha.
• Ice timadzi tokoma - mochedwa zosiyanasiyana ndi kukoma wabwino, mwina lokoma kwambiri mwa mtundu wawo. chisononkho kukula - mpaka masentimita 22 m'litali.
• Krasnodar shuga 250 CB - oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana kupereka zokolola khola. Wamtali mbewu kuposa 2 m mu msinkhu, 20 cm chisononkho. Zophatikiza wofunika kwa zokolola kumayambiriro ndi kungakupatseni kukaniza matenda.

Ife kunena kamodzinso kuti pofuna kupeza mbewu zabwino, muyenera kusankha mitundu yoyenera anamasulidwa. Ganizirani malo ndi nthaka ayenera pamaso chodzala chimanga mu dziko. Mu Siberia Mwachitsanzo, ikusonyeza kuchita, ndi bwino kukula ndi superrannie Dutch ndi mitundu oyambirira (kukoma Ana, Honey bento).

Kuyatsa ndi nthaka

muyenera kudziwa pamaso kuyambapo mmene kudzala chimanga. Pa kanyumba (chithunzi - m'nkhani) kutentha okonda zomera ayenera kuperekedwa kwa malo dzuwa, makamaka popanda drafts ndi mphepo zonse, ndi kuthetsa madzi patsogolo. Culture wovuta pa chonde, kotero khola ndi mkulu zokolola amafuna chisanafike (yophukira) manyowa ndi kompositi, feteleza.

Fesani kumayambira mochedwa April kapena oyambirira May (malingana zone nyengo). Ichi ndi chifukwa nthaka kutentha msinkhu, kutentha okonda zomera ayenera kukhala osachepera +10 ° C, ndipo pambuyo kuopseza frosts kubwerera adzakhala kochepa.

M'nthaka kapena mbewu?

Nkofunika kudziwa osati kumene, komanso mmene kudzala chimanga. Ngati anakumana wamaluwa funso sikovuta, ana kudzaima pamaso kusankha - kukula mbande kapena mwayi ndi kubzala mwachindunji mu nthaka. Ndithudi wovuta kuyankha. Ngati mukufuna kuonetsetsa lalikulu ya chimanga, mmera amakamba kwambiri za vuto. Komabe, mu nkhani ya ochepa zomera, ntchito, mungathe kukwaniritsa kwambiri oyambirira kukhwima ndi kudzipereka bata mosalephera m'madera ndi yotenthera yochepa. Komabe, akatswiri amanena kuti zomera mbewu anabzala mu nthaka, kukula mofulumira afotokozerane ndi achibale ku sill zenera. Mulimonsemo, isanafike chodzala mbande chimanga mu dziko kapena mu nthaka, m'pofunika Pre-zilowerere chimanga mu njira michere, monga "abwino", tsiku pamaso pipping.

The chachiwiri zofunika mfundo - kubereketsa zomera za zomera. Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti ndi bwino unachitikira mu gulu kakwamba midadada, ndiye m'malo mizere iwiri yaitali ayenera anabzala anayi, koma wamfupi.

kusamalira zomera

Kusamalira mbewu zikuphatikizapo zinthu zitatu zikuluzikulu. Choyamba, wokhazikika Kupalira pakati pa mizere ya namsongole. Chachiwiri, tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka pambuyo mvula ndi kuthirira, kuti kutumphuka si zinapangidwa mizu kupuma. Izo zizichitidwa mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa chimanga ali ndi mwachilungamo osaya mizu, amene mosavuta kuonongeka. Chachitatu, mulching nthaka. M'pofunika kuteteza evaporation kwambiri chinyezi ndiponso kupewa namsongole ndi mofulumira chitukuko zavetrivaniyu pamwamba. Nkofunika kudziwa mmene kudzala chimanga, komanso ngati chisamaliro kudzachitika za izo. Kawiri kawiri mutha kuona mmene mbewu muzu ndi anawo. Ndi bwino kuchotsa, chifukwa mbewu sadzakhala ndi nthawi kuchotsa inu kwa iwo, ndipo mphamvu ya chitsamba kholo iwo amachoka.

Kuthilira ndi feteleza

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kukula bwino - zonse ndi zambiri kuthirira, makamaka youma yotentha. An chifukwa kwambiri amapereka dongosolo kukapanda kuleka kuti si chikusokosera nthaka, ndipo mmera pang'onopang'ono kupeza kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Imodzi unachitikira feteleza mchere chimanga ndi feteleza organic. Ntchito yoyamba ya mankhwala ayenera kuchita pa nthawi imene mbewu adzamasula 6 zonse tsamba. Gwiritsani ntchito tincture wa mullein, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, etc.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

Wokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo udzu wokongola kwambiri tizirombo ambiri. Makamaka, chifukwa wireworm (kachilomboka mphutsi, wireworms), iwo amaoneka basi pa nthawi ya ikamatera mbewu - May-June. Tizilombo kasamalidwe zambiri. Ndi bwino kuti alime nthaka m'dzinja, pambuyo chisanu adzayamba m'chaka asanadzalemo chimanga, lembani phulusa acidic dothi, laimu. Mu nkhani ya matenda aakulu a Kukonzekera ankachitira nthaka "vuto", "Barguzin" kapena "Provotoks".

Komanso, mu nyengo kukula, mankhwala zonse ndi ntchentche Swedish, chimanga ndi Beet webworm, matenda bakiteriya - ndi yafumbi mwaye, bacterioses etymology osiyana.

kukolola

Ngati ntchito zonse ndinazembera mwaluso, kuyambira mmene kudzala chimanga, kutsiriza ndi kuthirira ndi Kupalira, mu kugwa inu kukolola bwino. Popeza kuti makutu zikacha ndipo zikufunika kukolola, mudzakhala auze enveloping chipolopolo, kuyamba kukula bulauni. Pa kucha mbewu monga chimanga akhale yamkaka, wandiweyani, bloodshot. mitundu shuga osavomerezeka kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, mwinamwake iwo adzataya kununkhira. Ndi bwino pomwepo pokonza iwo - kuzizira, kumalongeza, kudya mu chakudya.