Kodi kupanga trellis kwa nkhaka ndi manja ake

Aliyense munda amadziwa kuti tikwaniritse mkulu zokolola za nkhaka si choncho zovuta kutchire. Mdani waukulu wa masamba izi chokoma ndi wathanzi ndi nthenda yotchedwa downy cinoni. mankhwala amakono sangathe kwathunthu kuteteza nkhaka matenda izi mwamakani, ndi njira chikhalidwe kukula iwo patali kumathandiza yekha kuti chitukuko cha matenda. Yankho imeneyi akhoza kukhala trellis kwa nkhaka. Ubwino wa njira zambiri za masiku ano ndipo ife kulankhula.

Bwanji patali?

alimi wanzeru amadziŵa kuti kumayambiriro mafoni opatsirana spores kumachitika mwa stomata ali kumbali kumbuyo masamba - mikangano mwachangu muyenda mame (mame, mvula splashes ndi madzi) kuti alipo pa chipepalacho. spores njiru overwinter padziko pansi kumene ndi kutsitsi madzi ndi kufika pansi pa masamba nkhaka.

Chifukwa, mwamsanga pamene zomera nkhaka kupeza woyamba masamba ndi kuyamba kuyenda limodzi pansi, nthawi yomweyo kuukira matenda, ndipo ndi bwino ngati zomera ndi mphamvu kubweretsa osachepera wosauka zokolola zelentsov. Zonsezi zikuchitika chifukwa wamaluwa ambiri si kofunika chifukwa chikhalidwe cha mbewu, ndipo kwenikweni ndi herbaceous mpesa kuti ali ting'onoting'ono ta chikusuntha tsinde akhakula, mothandizidwa ndi amene angathe gwiritsitsani thandizo lililonse choimirira.

Trellis kwa nkhaka: ubwino

Kukula nkhaka pa trellis wa ndiye kwambiri waphindu kuposa patali. Choyamba, mbewu akhoza kuchoka chaka chatha "mosungiramo" kachilombo pansi. Ngati ngakhale gawo awiri analowa mphepo, mmunsi mwa masamba lidzakhala lilipo kwa kupopera njira zodzitetezera. Choncho, vuto la kulimbana powdery cinoni pafupifupi kuthetsedwa.

Kachiwiri, zomera zambiri efficiently zokula mpweya wokutidwa, chinyezi yoopsa msanga ukuphwera. Chachitatu, kwambiri amachepetsa chiwerengero cha zabwino (olumala, papezeka ndi zina zotero. MATENDA) zipatso, asanaonane ndi nthaka. Komanso zokolola okwana wakula kwambiri chifukwa nthawi yaitali zomera fruiting. Chachinayi, kwambiri bwino ndi ntchito zinthu ndi zokolola mu chisamaliro ndi kukolola zipatso.

kukonzekera malo

Malo kwa kulima nkhaka pa chisamaliro mizati ayenera kumwedwa pasadakhale. Ndi kuonetsetsa kuti akatidzadza nthaka ndi feteleza organic. Mizere ya trellises bwino pabwino kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera - izo adzapulumutsa chomera ku nkhanza masana dzuwa. Row katayanitsidwe akhoza zimasiyana mamita pafupifupi 1.5 kuti 2.5 - mtunda limapereka mayiko yokolola osati pamanja komanso mwa zida ang'ono-kakulidwe. Pa malo ochepa maluwa, mtunda izi zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwa 0,8 m.

Trellis kwa nkhaka ndi manja ake

Kuti muzilowa mitengo yonyamulira ntchito trellis kuti mukhoza kupanga zipangizo zosiyanasiyana monga paini wozungulira matabwa, zitsulo kapena mizati simenti ndi zina zotero. Otsiriza trellis mizati ayenera kukhala wamphamvu kuposa wapakatikati, kuyambira adzakumana ndi katundu ija onse. Mwachitsanzo, pamene trellis kutalika kwa 2.8 mamita awiri mapeto zogwiriziza sayenera zosakwana 50 mm ndi wapakatikati - 35 mm. Zitsulo pansi trellis kwa nkhaka m'manda kuti akuya 60 cm. Mphepete, nangula zogwiriziza chiperekedwe pa makona pafupifupi 70º pamwamba, zaglubit awo 75-80 masentimita The thandizo okonda ayenera inagona mwa mawaya munthu m'makona a zitsulo. Munthu anapambutsa Zasungid mu nthaka akuya 90 cm.

Mtunda pazipita pakati pa mizati ya akuthandiza mu mzere sayenera upambana 6 m, koma ngati mumalola zipangizo, ndi bwino kuika zogwiriziza chachikulu. Musanayambe kupanga trellis kwa nkhaka, m'pofunika kudziwa zinthu. Izi zikhoza kukhala wapadera pulasitiki thumba anatambasula mawaya awiriwa - pamwamba ndi pansi.

Iwo akhoza chopangidwa chabe ndi trellis waya amene makulidwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 2.0 mm. Pankhaniyi, mzere pansi waya tensioned pakati pa zogwiriziza pa msinkhu wa 15-20 cm, wotsatira - pambuyo masentimita 70, etc. Pakuti mzere chapamwamba ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito thicker waya (3.5 mm) ngati ameneyo abala kuwawa. Pambuyo chodzala mbande za zomera nkhaka wotsatira kwa aliyense wa mzere kunsi ku chapamwamba waya tensioned hemp twayini limene climber kudzalimbikitsa oposa. Trellis kwa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha anapangidwa pa mfundo yomweyo.

ulimi wothirira

Limodzi ndi kumanga trellis kwa nkhaka ayenera analankhula ndi nkhani ya tsogolo la zomera ulimi wothirira. Ngati mukufuna kukolola, masoka mvula kuthirira sitiyenera kuyembekezera kwambiri. Pali ulimi wothirira mchitidwe mzere, koma njira imeneyi si kwambiri ku mbali zothandiza, chifukwa limp ndi nthaka chingamulepheretse kusamalira zomera ndi kusonkhanitsa zipatso.

The zomveka kwambiri chifukwa izi kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira. Ngakhale m'madera ndi nyengo otentha zokwanira kumanga kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira tepi kwa mzere umodzi wa nkhaka. Ndipo ngati m'mene tidakocheza mbande pamodzi trellis kwa nkhaka kuchokera ku mbali zonse kuyala n'kupanga mdima kuphimbira film, zikuthandizani kuti apulumutse madzi ulimi wothirira ndi kulepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole.

nkhaka kubzala

Pafupi mwezi asanadzalemo nkhaka pa trellis, ndi mbewu yofesedwa pa kabati ndi kudikira zikamera wa masamba 2-3 otukuka. Mbande anabzala mawu kalendala, pamene imabwera chisanu salinso pano. zomera Young imakonzedwa mu mzere pa mtunda wa 15-20 masentimita Chrixitu. Mu ndondomeko za kukula ayenera kupanga mpanda wolimba wa masamba, koma masamba sayenera magawo chimodzi pa zina.

Bezrassadnoj ankachita njira nkhaka kukula, koma mbewu ayenera kukhala okonzeka isanafike kubzala. Ntchito kufesa mbewu za utumiki wa kunachitika 2-3 wazaka, chifukwa Iwo kusiyana ndi kumera bwino, amalimbikitsa mapangidwe ambiri maluwa wamkazi, komanso msanga fruiting. Ngati mumamwa mbewu yokolola chaka chatha, kwa maola 4-5 ya chisanadze mkangano kuti +56 ... + 60 ° C ndipo anapitiriza pa kutentha +36 ... + 38 ° C kwa miyezi 2. Komanso, pamaso kufesa mbewu ayenera calibrated kwa pafupifupi mphindi 10 mu gawo 3 sodium kolorayidi njira. Mu ndondomeko ya mbewu khalidwe calibration adzakhala zakhazikika pansi ndi kanthu ndi chimanga chosakhwima kutuluka. mbewu anasankha ayenera rinsed mu madzi oyera mpopi, kenako ankachitira ndi njira ya sulphate manganese (0.5 ga na1,0 L madzi), asidi boric (0,1 ga mu 0,3 L madzi), ndipo ena. Mbewu ankawaviika kwa tsiku limodzi, ndiyeno zouma. Mme- zinthu kumapangitsa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya zomera achinyamata ndi kuonjezera kukana kwawo ku matenda.

Malamulo chisamaliro

Choncho, mmene kudzala nkhaka pa trellis, ife kumvetsa. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kusamalira zomera Shpalernaya. Zimenezi ndi wosavuta. Mutabzala tayi nkhaka tsinde kwa trellis, ndiyeno limakula potelani ake pamwamba nthawi m'chipinda gululi kapena twayini. Palinso ayenera kupita, ndipo mbali akuwombera. Kutsina nsonga sayenera - ngati kufika pamwamba trellis, iwo ayenera pang'onopang'ono weramitsani ndi kuyamba kachiwiri maselo nkhaka gululi, kotero iwo dangling mu mphepo.

kukolola

Sungani Zelentsy bwino m'mawa, pamaso kutentha, ndiye chipatso adzatsala zolimba, wokongola ndipo akhoza kusungidwa yaitali. Kusunga nkhaka pa malo ozizira ndi chinyezi mkulu Mwachitsanzo mu m'chipinda chapansi kapena mu firiji.