Kodi kusiyanitsa edible ku bowa inedible?

Oyamba mafani kusonkhanitsa, kupita ku nkhalango ndi dengu, zambiri mu adzadabwitsa; mwa mphatso zonse zoperekedwa ndi munda birch, nkhalango paini ndi m'tchire kudula atachuluka wamng'ono, kusiyanitsa bowa edible ndi inedible ndipo ngakhale chakupha? Kodi muyezo umene mtundu wina akhoza kuwasiyanitsa ndi mzake? Pali fruiting matupi, ngati kukhala zosafunika kwathunthu kwa chakudya: wakuda, makwinya. Inu kupita mozungulira mbali yawo, ndipo kenako kupeza zinali zokoma morels. Ndipo iwo zokoma mwakuwoneka wolimba bowa kunyumba mumtanga, mapulogalamuwanso odziwa ali wokanidwa, akuitana chakupha Satana Borovik.

Mwatsoka, muyezo umodzi kuti zipangitsa kuti Mwachitsanzo iliyonse akhoza kudyedwa palibe. Pali mitundu monga zokoma bowa ambulera kuti ngati ofanana kwambiri kwa toadstool wotumbululuka, ndipo pali madera lili ndi lawola chitsa, kuti akhale bowa onyenga. Nthawi ananamizira mwachizolowezi ndithu, bwino kuti kuyambira tili ana zithunzi za mphatso nkhalango, kubisala bowa inedible kwathunthu. maina awo zikuyendera: lozhnodozhdevik, bowa onyenga, russula masanzi, blewits nyalugwe (chakupha). Koma dzina "bowa" si nthawi zonse zikutanthauza kuti pamaso panu - ndi chomera chakupha: Pinki (wochedwanso imvi pinki kapena zamanyazi) bowa ndi chokoma.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, ena mitundu edible, monga thupi zipatso si kulakalaka kwambiri dzina la "ndowe" Kulowera mu bowa inedible ndi zaka. Mu chakudya ankadya zomera wamng'ono basi m'mbali mwa kapu alibe anatembenuka buluu. Mfundo imeneyi kusonkhanitsa ndi slicker spinosum (ngale) imene zamkati akadali woyera, zotanuka, osati kusandulika mu mamina kapena ufa (spores). Pankhani zizindikiro kunja matupi fruiting, ndi mushroomer ayenera kuganizira kuti mitundu ina omwe sanali edible a "wotsanzira" pansi mitundu tebulo, koma mtundu wawo, kapena unnaturally yowala (monga "cholakwika" uchi agarics) kapena zobiriwira (Ziwerengero zonama za malo sulufule chikasu).

Munthu ali, kuwonjezera pa kuona ena yonse ya zomverera, ndi onse a iwo ziyenera kuyendera kuti kusiyanitsa bowa sanali edible ku mpikisano ankasirira. fruiting thupi kukoma ndi kwambiri tinganene wokhometsa. Apa m'pofunika kuti kusungitsa: bowa kulawa zowawa, koma iwo ali edible Komabe, kukonzekera bwino, muyenera tinker. Zomera chakupha kulawa zowawa. A chitsanzo chapadera - ndi bowa ndulu. Munthu wosadziwa mukhoza kuvomereza kwa chikho kwambiri aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino - woyera boletus - kotero mitundu zimenezi ndi zofanana. Ndipo ali mwana, bowa uyu ali kufanana ndi boletus. Ndipo kukula mu malo omwewo ndipo anatchula mitundu edible. Iwo amapereka kuuluka agaric kulawa zowawa. Chepetsa mpeni chipewa, kunyambita thupi mukaone nokha!

Fungo - khalidwe lina limene limatulutsa bowa inedible "mutu". Ena chakupha kapena kungoti musadye zipatso ndi ofooka kapena wolemera fungo la amondi (chifukwa zili asidi senile), ndipo ena - fungo la coumarin, monga imvi pinki mlechnik. bowa (dambo, munda, nkhalango) ndi fungo zomvetsa chisoni kuti penapake amatikumbutsa tsabola, koma chakupha mnzake awo - Agaricus Xanthodermus - Shiba mphuno Fungo la karboliki asidi.

Chogwirika zomverera - njira ina kusiyanitsa zipatso nkhalango. bowa Inedible zambiri ndi kapangidwe wowawa kuposa achibale awo zokoma. Mwachitsanzo, chanterelle onyenga akuona zovuta ngati nkhuni. A chakupha woyera Clitocybe monga nandolo awiri mu ngolo ngati podvishen edible. Toadstool amapereka zake matabwa ake, ndi chakuti iye anali ndi mbale yamkaka woyera, pamene podvishnya mu akula - wotumbululuka pinki. Ngati inu bwinobwino aliyense anapeza bowa ndi, afufuze kwa fungo, kulawa ndi kapangidwe, mudzapeza kukhala zinachitikira kofunika, ndipo inu molondola kudziwa ofunika kutenga anapeza mu dengu kapena ayi.