Kukonzekera mbewu nkhaka chifukwa chodzala mu nthaka, pa mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi

Chaka chilichonse, kwa January kwa March aliyense nyakulima adza nthawi yosangalatsa - yokonza mbande ankakonda masamba. wamaluwa zonse, ndithudi, ndi zinsinsi zawo mtundu wodziwitsidwa zokolola kwambiri. Nanga bwanji za anthu amene alibe zinachitikira kwambiri pa nkhani? Kukonzekera kubzala mbewu za nkhaka ndi nkhaka mu zakutchire kapena kutentha - nkhani zimenezi zili ndi chidwi wamaluwa ambiri chiyambi. Choncho tiyeni tione mfundo zazikulu.

Kusankha mbewu bwino

Choyamba, yokonza mbewu nkhaka kubzala akuyamba ndi masankhidwe a mbewu apamwamba. Ngati sitisamala mfundo imeneyi, khama onse akhoza kupita ku phulusa, inu simukhala mbewu.

Wapamwamba muli angwiro, tyazhelenkie mbewu za kufanana lalikulu. Kudziwa ngati lophweka - zimenezi pogwiritsa ntchito saline njira. Mu lita imodzi ya madzi anafunika kuthetsa 30 ga (pang'ono kwambiri supuni) mchere ndi kusakaniza bwinobwino. njira ayenera waponya mbewu ndi kusiya kwa mphindi 10-15. Patapita nthawi ino, muona kuti mbali imodzi ya mbeu Amira, ndi ena anakhalabe akuyandama pamwamba madzi. Izi ndi "dummies", kumene inu mosavuta tichotse - yokolola ndi iwo adzakhala ntchito. Pambuyo mwai anachita muzimutsuka mbewu otsala ndi woyera, madzi kwa mphindi zingapo ndipo chitani zotsatirazi.

Kusankha muli kwa mbande

Chinthu chotsatira, womwenso yokonza mbewu nkhaka kubzala, - kusankha chidebe, kumene iwo chidzakula. Kukongola kwa kukula mbande nkhaka ndi kuti n'zotheka zokhudza chilichonse - Chofunika, kuti zotsatirazi zinthu ziwiri:

• chidebe awiri ayenera kukhala osachepera masentimita 7.5;
• muyenera kuchita ngati kuli kotheka ndi ngalande mabowo;

Gwiritsani ntchito ankafika kungakhale pulasitiki makapu, muli a yogurt kapena wowawasa kirimu Tetra paks mkaka kapena yogurt, ndi zina zotero. Mukhozanso amathera ochepa - tsopano m'masitolo alimi anapereka yaikulu zosiyanasiyana pulasitiki ndi peat makapu, ang'ono muli kutentha, zida ndi chimakwirira mandala, ndi zina zambiri. N'zothekanso kukula mbande mu peat pellets. wamaluwa odziwa amakonda chidebe akadali lalikulu woboola pakati - kuti iwo kulenga dongosolo mbewu muzu zinthu zabwino kuposa chonse.

Njira ina ndalama pa makontena - ndi kuwapanga iwo nokha ku zigawo zingapo nyuzipepala kapena makatoni. kokha drawback awo - magalasi amenewa ziume mofulumira, koma vuto izi zikhoza kuthetsedwa, popeza kufalikira ku thireyi pansi mbande wa mphasa capillary, chidutswa zonyalazo thovu kapena padding poliyesitala.

nthaka

Ngakhale yokonza mbewu nkhaka kubzala ndi bwino, inu akali ndi kukolola, ngati inu kusankha nthaka cholakwika. Mbali imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri - izo amadziwa ngati mbewu zanu ndi zamphamvu, ndi zokolola wolemera.

Pakuti mmera siikugwirizana dziko mwachizolowezi anatengedwa mu munda kapena pafupi m'munda. Poyamba, mwina muli mbewu ya namsongole, amene sadzalola nkhaka kukwera bwino, ndipo kachiwiri, nthaka oterowo mofulumira kwambiri mbamuikha ndipo zinamera ndi mpweya pang'ono ndi chinyezi.

Pakuti nkhaka zikuchokera yabwino kwambiri ya potting nthaka:

• mbali 2 composting manyowa kapena kompositi;
• mbali 2 peat otengedwa nisin ndi;
• gawo 1 tchipisi wakale, chaka chatha;

zigawo zonse ziyenera bwinobwino osokonezeka. Ndiye, aliyense chidebe cha Peat osakaniza ayenera anawonjezera kuti:

• 3 tbsp. L. phulusa (poyamba sieved);
• 1 tbsp. L. mankhwala "Kemira-ngolo" kapena "Rastvorin";
• 1 tbsp. L. nitrophosphate;
• 1 h. L. urea;
• 1 tbsp. L. ufa superphosphate, awiri;
• 1 h. L. sulphate potaziyamu.

Kumene, n'zotheka ntchito zosakaniza zina, ndi chophweka njira kugula okonzeka shopu gawo lapansi. Ngati inu kusankha kukolola nthaka nokha, ndiye ziyenera kuchitika mu autumn, kuti dzinja analinso bwinobwino atapanga mu shedi kapena pa khonde. Izi kumachepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, kwa chiwonongeko cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana analimbikitsa nthaka steamed. Izi zachitika zapamwamba:

• anazitsanulira mwa mtsuko wachikale za lita imodzi ya madzi;
• pamwamba anaikidwa chabwino mauna, chophimba kapena mtundu wina wa banki mwachita ndi mipata m'menemo;
• mu strainer ndi kuika pansi ndi ndodo kapena supuni kupanga pakati pa nyuzi lonse.

Nthunzi kusamba ali wokonzeka. Kapangidwe lotsatira yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro ndi kuika pa moto mphindi 40-45. Pambuyo pochvosmes bwino steamed, izo utakhazikika, analimbikitsa bwino ndi anayala mu chotengera ndi kubzala.

kukonzekera mbewu

Kukonzekera mbewu nkhaka chifukwa chodzala mbande - ndi udindo waukulu kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera bwino kukonzekera osati nthaka komanso mbewu. Choyamba, m'pofunika mankhwala komanso. Chifukwa chaichi, mbewu anasankha madzi okhaokha kwa mphindi 15-20 mu njira ya asidi manganese-potaziyamu (1 g pa 0.5 lita imodzi ya madzi), ndiye osambitsidwa ndi madzi oyera.

kukonzekera Komanso mbewu nkhaka kubzala chiri motere: - woyera, mbewu kupopera mankhwala anayikidwa mu matumba zopangidwa nsalu zofewa kapena zigawo zingapo za cheesecloth n'kuchiviika kwa maola 12. A njira ya osakaniza michere zingakhale:

• 1 tsp nitrophosphate .;
• 1 h. L. phulusa;
• 1 L madzi oyera.

Patapita nthawi, mbewu ndi osambitsidwa kachiwiri ndi kuvala nsalu yonyowa pokonza kapena gauze kwa pathupi kwa masiku 1-2 pa T = + 23 ° C. Choncho, onetsetsani kuti diso kwa nkhaka tsogolo chiyani sizingamere, ndi pang'ono pokha "zimaswa". Pamene onse ndondomeko mbewu anayikidwa mu firiji kwa maola 24-40.

kumera

Ndipotu anachita mpheto kukonzekera mbewu nkhaka angathe kuonedwa kuti patsogolo pa kubzala. Kenako pitani sitepe yotsatira - mbande kumera. Mukhoza kuchita izi m'njira ziwiri:

1. Ikani mbewu pa lathyathyathya mbale kapena kozungulira, kuwayika iwo pakati pa zigawo zingapo za cheesecloth. Ikani kapangidwe mu malo otentha ndipo onetsetsani kuti mbeu, pa dzanja limodzi, osati chouma, koma pa zina - musati tiwolokere ku madzi. The ndondomeko yachangu adzakhala kutentha 28-30 ° C.
2. Incipiently mbewu germinating akhoza kubzala mwachindunji mu miphika. Ndithudi mofulumira, koma inu sangathe kumvetsa zomwe mbewu utakula, ndipo kodi - palibe.

Kubzala mu nthaka lotseguka

Konzani mbewu nkhaka chifukwa chodzala mu nthaka ndi osiyana kutentha ndi mfundo imodzi yokha basi - ya oipa wabwino. Ngati inu kumbukirani, pambuyo mankhwala onse mbewu anayikidwa mu firiji. Izi ndizo - kuumitsa. Izi zachitika kuonetsetsa kuti kumera zinkayenda bwino ndi pa kutentha otsika. Komanso, pamene ankafika ku nkhaka lotseguka pansi kuzimitsidwa siteji mbewu ina, kale kwambiri "kutaya" maluwa wamkazi, ndi Choncho, zokolola adzakhala ndi okhwima mofulumira.

Kuti bwino chomera kukaniza kwa panja kutentha dontho, pansi pa kuumitsa ndi mbande wamkulu. sabata A asanadzalemo muli pang'onopang'ono kubweretsa msewu (pa khonde) masana, madzulo ndi usiku, ndi kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi zogona nthawi ya mphindi 15-20.

Wowonjezera kutentha - pamene kudzala

Kukonzekera mbewu nkhaka chifukwa chodzala mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi pafupifupi palibe chosiyana ndi "dothi." Zina Zambiri pomwepo pokhapokha chodzala masiku, ndi kuumitsa mbewu mu nkhani iyi, ambiri osasamalidwa.

Mbewu zingafesedwe mu kutentha kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, ndipo malizitsani mbande adzakhala sikwabwino kukhala kumeneko kumayambiriro May. Ngati Teplicka filimu anu ndipo alibe magetsi, ndi kupanga dongosolo ongokhala zigawo ziwiri za polyethylene, anakusiyirani kusiyana pakati pa masentimita 2.5-3.5. Izi kuteteza frosts aliyense masika ndi kusunga mbewu zanu.

ankafika Features

Pamene yokonza mbewu nkhaka kubzala mu kutentha wapangidwa, izo ayenera kukonzekera nthaka. Ndi bwino kuyamba kuphunzitsa kugwa - kuchitira dziko lapansi ndi njira ya zothetsa kuthimbirira. M'chaka asanadzalemo nthaka sayenera "steamed" madzi otentha kuti kuchepetsa mu manganese-wowawasa njira potaziyamu sayenera amphamvu kwambiri, yowala pinki.

Ngati pali chosowa, nthaka ikhale feteleza ndi bwino kumasula.

Chodzala nkhaka muyenera mu grooves laling'ono, akuya masentimita 1.5-2, ndi kuwaza pamwamba osakaniza Peat mu theka ndi utuchi. Njira imeneyi imagwira timabzala amalola yaitali msampha chinyezi ndi adzakolole bwino.

Kusamalira nkhaka

Kumene, kukonzekera moyenera mbewu nkhaka kubzala n'kofunika kwambiri, koma ofunika ndi chisamaliro malangizo kwa zomera. Nkhaka ndi hygrophilous, choncho, poyamba pa zonse, muyenera kupereka madzi kwambiri, zabwino ndi dongosolo la kukapanda kuleka. Onani kuti ayenera madzi ndi madzi ofunda wozizira kapena ozizira kwambiri kubweza kukula kwa zomera. Choncho m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi makamaka feteleza, kugwa pa masamba a nkhaka, kapena iwo angathe "kuwotcha".

Komanso ofunika monga Nthawi zambiri kumasula dothi, kuyesera Komabe, kuwononga tsinde - ndi osalimba kwambiri. Ngati muli kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi, ndiye kuyesa kuonetsetsa mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, makamaka mu nyengo yofunda. Izi ndi amadza zabwino kwambiri pa kukula ndi zokolola za nkhaka.