Malo ogulitsa achi China: kufotokozera ndi ndemanga

Anthu ambiri ali ndi malingaliro akuti katundu wa China ndiwo nthawi zonse katundu wogula omwe alibe khalidwe lapamwamba, ndipo zipangizo zawo zamakono zili kutali kapena zangongole kuchokera kwa wina. Chinese greenhouses kuwononga kwathunthu ziwonetserozi. Zolinga zawo ndi zophweka, zopereka zakuthupi ndizochepa, ndipo zotsatira zimakhala zovuta. Poyambitsa zamasamba zachilendo kumalo osungirako zinyama ku China, zinakhala zotheka kupereka dziko lonse lapansi mtengo wambiri ndi masamba. Malo ogulitsira ku China, atatsimikizira kuti amapindula kwambiri, anayamba kugonjetsa msika wa mdziko. Tsopano ndi otchuka m'mayiko onse otentha, kuphatikizapo Russia.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Nyumba zachitsulo zachi China, ngakhale kuti anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku China, koma ali ndi mnzake wa Russia. Kubwerera mkatikati mwa zaka zapitazi, mphunzitsi wosavuta wa sayansi, Alexander Ivanov, anapanga helio-ndiwo zamasamba, ndiko kuti, mapangidwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa. Anthu a ku China akhala akusintha pang'ono chitsanzo ichi, kusiya ntchito yomweyo. Woyamba wowonjezera kutentha anawonekera mu 1978. Zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi zamasamba za Ivanov, chifukwa cha mphamvu yaufulu ya kuwala kwathu. M'madera onse a Russia (kupatula ku Far North), dzuŵa limawala bwino chaka chonse, koma m'chilimwe kuwala kwake kumagwa padziko lapansi pamtunda pafupi ndi 90 °, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mbali ya kugwa kwawo imachepa kufika 20-40 °. Kusiyanitsa kwakung'ono mu zikhulupiliro kumadalira kukula kwa malo a malo. Pang'onopang'ono, kuwala kumawoneka pamwamba, kotero sichipereka kutentha. Ngati mupanga khoma la wowonjezera kutentha ndi malo otsetsereka omwe amakulolani kuti mupeze mphamvu zonse za dzuwa, izi zimasintha khomali monga momwe zimakhalira dziko lapansi m'chilimwe. Mfundo imeneyi ndi maziko a zakudya zaku Chinese. Kuonjezerapo, nkofunika kutenthetsa nyumba zotere zokha basi.

Malo odyera achi China: kufotokoza

Timagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo obiriwira kumbali zonse, chifukwa zomera zimayenera kulandira kuwala kochuluka momwe zingathere. Kutsekedwa kapena mawonekedwe a nyumba - ziribe kanthu, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti makoma awo onse alowe m'mazuŵa. Anthu a ku China anasiya khoma limodzi lokhalokha, ndipo zina zonse zimamangidwa ndi njerwa, chipika, konkire, dongo kapena dziko lapansi - chirichonse, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti ali aakulu. Kuthamanga kwawo kumakhala mkati mwa 1.5-2 mamita, malingana ndi nyengo ya dera. Pamene nyengo imakhala yofunda, mwachitsanzo, ku Krasnodar Territory, mukhoza kumanga makoma mpaka 1-1.5 mamita wandiweyani. Kunja, amafunika kuphimbidwa ndi magetsi (foam glass, foamed polima ndi makulidwe a 150 mm, mapesi ndi udzu). Khoma loonekera limapangidwa ndi otsetsereka ndipo likuoneka ngati nthiti. Ntchito yake yomanga imagwiritsa ntchito filimu yowonjezeredwa kapena polycarbonate. Monga mukuonera, malo odyera a ku China ali ndi zachilendo komanso nthawi yomweyo amamanga. Chithunzicho chinagwidwa chimodzi mwa izo kuchokera mkati.

Ngati malo a malo akuloledwa, zamasamba zingamangidwe m'phiri ladothi. Njira iyi ili ndi ubwino wake waukulu:

1. Kutalika kwa dziko lapansi kudzakhala bwino kwambiri kuteteza wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera ku chimfine.

2. Makoma awiri okhawo ayenera kumangidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizofunikira kupulumutsa ndalama ndi ntchito.

Ndizoonjezera ndalama zambiri kuti agwirizane ndi wowonjezera kutentha kwa khoma la nyumba yokhalamo.

Posankha kusankha kulikonse pafupi ndi mbali imodzi, nkofunika kumanga pulogalamu yothandizira. Mmenemo, zida zamasitolo zachi China, feteleza, zizindikiro zamagetsi zokonzetsera zomera ndi zinthu zina zofunika.

Zowonongeka mkati

Malo odyera a ku China, kumene kutentha kotentha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kumamangidwa m'madera ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito stoves-burzhuyku yowonongeka, yogwiritsa ntchito malasha kapena nkhuni, magetsi kapena magetsi. M'madera omwe nyengo yozizira sali yofiira -15 ° C, mungathe kuyendetsa mphamvu za dzuwa. Kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo, kuwala kwake kumaloŵa mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutentha makoma ndi dziko lapansi, ndipo usiku usiku amapereka kutentha ndi mpweya. Mu mapangidwe ena, Kutentha kotentha kumaperekedwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chitofu. Zachitika motere: kuzungulira ponseponse pazowonjezera kutentha kwa mapepala apulasitiki omwe ali ndi mamita 110 mm. Iwo anaikidwa m'manda pafupifupi 300 mm, koma kuti kuchokera kumbali ya khoma lopanda kanthu mapeto ake amatha kuchoka pansi. Mmenemo muli chipinda chofunda. Pa khoma linalake, komwe kuli phokoso lamatope, ikani mafani, omwe amachititsa mpweya kufalikira kudutsa mudongosolo. Izi zipangizo zimathetsa vuto la mpweya wabwino. Mwinanso, pafupi ndi khoma lakumpoto, akasinja a madzi, opaka utoto wakuda, amaikidwa. Tsiku lonse amasungidwa ndi dzuwa, ndipo usiku amapereka kutentha.

Zizindikiro za Kutentha Kutentha

Kuwonjezera pa Kutentha kwa mkati, malo okongola a ku China ali ndi zida zakunja. Kwa anthu odyetserako zamasamba, anthu a ku China akuyika dongosolo lapadera, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya awnings kuchokera ku dzuwa. Zapangidwe zake zimaphatikizapo filimu yoteteza ku mpunga wa mpunga komanso njira yowonongeka. Madzulo, filimuyo imakhala yosaphimbidwa ndi wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo m'mawa amayendetsedwanso mu mpukutu. M'malo mwa filimu ya mpunga wa mpunga, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala opangidwa ndi bango. Zimapangidwa kuwala, chifukwa zimaphimba okha khoma loyera la zomera. Kuonjezerapo, makulidwe a mapepala a nzimbe sayenera kuwaletsa kuti asapangidwe mu mpukutu ndi kuwonjezera kutentha.

Kladovochka yokhazikika pamtambo womaliza kumathandizanso kuteteza kutentha kwa anthu odyetsa zomera, chifukwa pamene antchito amalowa mumsewu, mphepo yamkuntho imalowa mu chipinda chaching'onochi, popanda kufika ku wowonjezera kutentha.

Makonzedwe apakati

Malo odyera a Chinese omwe akukula strawberries, tomato, masamba ena ali ndi dongosolo la kuthirira. M'kati mwa odyetserako zamasamba, mawonekedwe a chinyezi ndi kutentha amaikidwa. Nthawi zambiri mabedi amasungidwa ndi agrofiber, omwe amapereka kutentha kwina kwa mizu ya zomera. Mu mafakitale ogulitsa mafakitale , malo amagawidwa kwa ma kompositi kapena zomera ndi nyama, mwachitsanzo, nkhumba, zakula. Zinthu izi zimapangitsa kuti feteleza apangidwe. Mabedi amapangidwa ndi Chitchaina chakumadzulo kumpoto, kumpoto pang'ono kumbuyo. Zimakhulupirira kuti dothi limatentha bwino kwambiri. Pakuti strawberries kumbuyo kwa greenhouses amamangidwa miyendo ingapo mizere. Iwo amaikidwa pamtunda kuti mbewu iliyonse ili ndi mwayi wolandira kuwala kofunikira. Malo onsewa amamera mbewu zochepa.

Malo a malo abwino kwambiri

Popeza malo odyera a Chinese amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamakono athu, amafunika kukhala pa tsamba ili kuti athe kutengera kutentha kwake. Khoma la kumbuyo kwa zamasamba liyenera kuyang'ana kumpoto. Iwo amachititsa kukhala wogontha, opandawindo limodzi ndi opanda zitseko. Ikhoza kumira mumtunda wadothi kapena kukhala wamba ndi nyumba. Khoma loonekera liyenera kuyang'ana kum'mwera. Kumadzulo awiri kumapezeka kumadzulo ndi kummawa. Tili ndi polycarbonate yambiri yoteteza zomera chifukwa cha mphamvu zake. Anthu a ku China amakonda kuphimba zamasamba awo ndi filimu yamatsinje yamphamvu kwambiri, yomwe moyo wawo umakhala zaka zitatu kapena kuposerapo. Zimakhulupirira kuti sizimangothamangitsira kuwala mopanda pang'onopang'ono kudutsa m'chipindacho, komanso zimadutsa mizere yokha ndi miyendo yofunikira ya zomera. Ndikofunikira kupeza malo oti wowonjezera kutentha, womwe uli kummwera, sungatseke kalikonse, mwachitsanzo, mpanda waukulu kapena malo ena pa tsamba.

Momwe mungamangire zomera zamasamba

Zomwe nyumba zachitsamba za ku China zinkafunidwa - pofuna kulima nkhaka, tomato kapena kabichi, zimamangidwa pa teknoloji imodzi. Chosangalatsa ndichinthu choyenera pamene chomera chimamangiriridwa ku nyumba yokhalamo. Mu msika wa Russia, kwenikweni ndi mapangidwe omwe amagulitsidwa. Chithunzi chofotokozera ndi malangizo a msonkhano akubwera mu chigawo cha greenhouse components. Mosiyana, mukhoza kugula filimu yotetezera, yomwe imagulitsidwa pa mita imodzi. Ngati pali chilakolako chofuna kutentha kuchokera ku China kuchokera ku zipangizo zopangidwira, ndikofunikira kupanga mbali yolunjika ya khoma lawonekera, lomwe liyenera kukhala laling'ono kumpoto kusiyana ndi malo. Komanso, m'pofunikira kupereka mpweya wambiri wokwanira mu zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zamasamba popanda kusokoneza. Ngati mukutsatira malamulo onse ndipo simukuphwanya luso lamakono, wowonjezera kutentha kumene amapangidwa ndi manja anu sangakhale woipitsitsa kusiyana ndi omwe anagulidwa kwa ojambula achi China.

Ndemanga

Alimi a Russian akungoyamba kuyesa Chinese greenhouses. Kufufuza za momwe ntchito yawo ikuyendera. Zopindulitsa zodabwitsa:

- kuthekera kokolola m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe;

- mtengo wotsika mtengo wa erection (ngati n'kotheka, gwirizanitsani wowonjezera kutentha ku nyumba);

- mafuta osagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha.

Zofooka ndi zovuta zazikulu:

- zimakhala zovuta kugula zigawo zofunika;

- kumidzi ndi madera ena ozizira kwambiri, nkofunika kutentha kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha, komwe kumachepetsa phindu lake ndikuwonjezera ndalama zowonetsera;

- Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe amachokera pamene akuwotcha CO ₂ , muyenera kuyang'ana gwero lina la carbon dioxide limene zomera zimasowa moyo;

- blanket (filimu ya msuzi wa mpunga) imatentha kwambiri;

- m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha ndikofunika kukonza mpweya wabwino.